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Biomedical subjects

A Buchner

Publications and source records attributed to A Buchner.

At least 109 records · Page 6Linked to original sources
PubMed1986

Plexiform granular cell odontogenic tumor.

Two odontogenic tumors characterized by a previously undescribed histologic appearance are reported. Both lesions consisted of interlacing strands of odontogenic epithelium, with each strand being two cell layers thick. The cells were large and polyhedral in shape, with a granular eosinophilic cytoplasm. The nuclei were arranged "back to back" away from the basement membrane. One of the lesions seems to have originated, at least in part, from the basal layer of the oral epithelium. There is some evidence to suggest that these lesions may represent previously undescribed histologic variants of the ameloblastoma. However, the possibility that they represent a new entity cannot be excluded. For the time being the term plexiform granular cell odontogenic tumor is suggested.

Aged↗
PubMed1986

New concept in chemoprophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis resulting from dental treatment.

Bacteremia following dental procedures may lead to bacterial endocarditis in susceptible patients. Traditional methods of chemoprophylaxis with a parenteral loading dose of penicillin followed by oral penicillin have proved impractical outside the hospital. In 1978, it was suggested in England that amoxicillin be substituted as the drug of choice in the prophylaxis of bacterial endocarditis. The recommended mode of treatment was a single oral dose of 3 g amoxicillin administered 1 hour before onset of the dental procedure. Amoxicillin is absorbed to a greater extent and more rapidly than penicillin V. It maintains its effectiveness throughout the critical postoperative period at concentrations well over the minimum necessary to combat Streptococcus viridans. Amoxicillin has two mechanisms of protection: bactericidal and inhibition of bacterial adherence to the thrombotic vegetation on injured heart valves. Data obtained from 206 susceptible patients undergoing dental treatment under chemoprophylaxis with amoxicillin showed that in no case did infective endocarditis occur. Only in 13.1% of the patients could very mild side effects of this drug be observed. With this new method, there is a higher incidence of patient compliance and administration is easier to supervise.

Adult↗
PubMed1986

Fordyce's granules in the oral mucosa of adult Israeli Jews.

The prevalence of Fordyce's granules in a group of 2,462 Israeli Jews was determined. Fordyce's granules were observed in 94.9% of the entire sample. The most common location was the vermilion border of the upper lip (82.2%), followed by the retromolar area (73.3%), the buccal mucosa (65.9%) and the vermilion border of the lower lip (29.2%). The granules were common in men. A significant difference in prevalence was found between the Ashkenazi group and each of the other two ethnic groups.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Commissural lip pits in Israeli Jews of different ethnic origin.

The prevalence of commissural lip pits in a group of 2462 Israeli Jews was determined, and a relation of commissural lip pits to ethnic background was noted. Results showed the presence of commissural lip pits in 17.4% of the entire sample; 9.7% were unilateral and 7.7% were bilaterally located. The Ashkenazi group showed a significant higher prevalence of commissural lip pits (19.4%) when compared to the prevalence in the Sephardic group (14.1%) and the Eastern group (21.1%).

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

The identification of human remains.

In modern societies identification of human remains is necessary for both legal and social reasons. There are various methods, but all of them employ the basic process of comparison. Thus, identification is dependent upon the available ante-mortem records as well as the completeness and degree of preservation of the remains. The most frequently used and simplest method of identification is personal recognition by relatives and friends--a method that has led to innumerable mistakes. Evidence from clothing and personal belongings is also widely relied upon. It too leads to mistakes since loose objects can be mislaid or switched between bodies. The more reliable methods of identification rest upon features inherent in the body itself. Fingerprinting is the most accurate and precise method. If it cannot be used, the dental method becomes of the utmost importance. In cases of mutilated, decomposed, burned or fragmented bodies, other methods--medical, radiological, skeletal, serological and hair examinations--must be employed. Skeletal examination can lead to the reliable determination of age, sex, race and stature of the individual. From birth to adolescence, accurate age estimation can be obtained from tooth development and in adults by examination of the pubic symphysis. The data derived from these methods when pooled together provide sufficient comparison for conclusive identification to be established. The identification procedures in the Israel Defence Forces are described.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Physiologic pigmentation of the gingiva in Israeli Jews of different ethnic origin.

The prevalence of gingival physiologic pigmentation in three ethnic groups of a total of 2,465 Israeli Jews were determined. The distribution of this gingival pigmentation, according to anatomic parts and divisions, was examined. Results showed the presence of gingival pigmentation in 57.9% of the Eastern group, 49.3% of the Sephardic group, and 21.1% of the Ashkenazi group. No indication of sex predilection was found. The most common site of pigmentation was the labial part of the gingiva, and the attached gingiva was the most common pigmented anatomic division. The group of Eastern Jews showed the highest prevalence of physiologic pigmentation in each of the anatomic parts and divisions of the gingiva.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1984

Cholesterol granuloma embedded in an odontoma of the maxilla.

The cholesterol granuloma, a rare entity in the oral cavity, has been given little attention in the dental literature. As a result, there is a lack of accurate data regarding its nomenclature, pathogenesis, and histologic appearance. A new case of cholesterol granuloma in the oral cavity embedded in an odontoma is presented. The literature is reviewed and the nomenclature is clarified.

Child↗
PubMed1984

Physiologic pigmentation of the oral mucosa in Israeli Jews of different ethnic origin.

The prevalence of oral physiologic pigmentation in three ethnic groups of a total of 2465 Israeli Jews was determined, and the relationship of oral pigmentation to age and sex within the groups was noted. Results showed the presence of oral pigmentation in 63.6% of the Eastern group, 54.8% of the Sephardic group, and 24.9% of the Ashkenazi group. No indication was found of sex predilection, and no significant trend was evident in the prevalence of pigmentation with relation to age. The leading site of pigmentation among the entire sample was the gingiva, and this finding did not vary with ethnicity.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1982

Tannic acid-glutaraldehyde fixative and pleomorphic adenomas of the salivary gland: an ultrastructural study.

Four cases of pleomorphic adenomas of parotid glands were fixed by immersion in a mixture of 4% tannic acid and 3% glutaraldehyde followed by OsO4 postfixation and heavy metals staining. This clearly visualized the presence of dense amorphous elastic fibers in cellular and myxochondroid areas. The dense amorphous fibers were associated with varying numbers of peripheral filaments which appeared sometimes as bundles of parallel fibrils without intermingled amorphous material. These intermediate-sized filaments were seen indirect continuity with similar intracellular filaments with or without interposition of basal-membrane-like material and/or with extracellular filament-containing vesicles. It is suggested that these filaments are synthesized intracellularly and released into the extracellular space by neoplastic myoepithelial cells mainly by cytoplasmic vesicle separation. In addition, small round vesicles with a dense core of amorphous material and staining characteristics identical to those of extracellular elastin were frequently seen in the peripheral parts of these myoepithelial-like cells. It is possible that these dense-cored vesicles have a secretory function and contain a precursor of elastin.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1981

"Hyaline cells" in pleomorphic adenoma of salivary gland origin.

Fifty-two cases of pleomorphic adenoma of minor salivary gland origin and seventy-two cases of pleomorphic adenoma of major salivary gland origin were examined for the presence of hyaline cells (plasmacytoid cells). Hyaline cells were found in 38 percent of the minor salivary gland cases and 21 percent of the major salivary gland cases. When stained with hematoxylin and eosin, the hyaline cells exhibited an eccentric nucleus and a striking homogenous, ground-glass, eosinophilic cytoplasm. At the ultrastructural level, the cytoplasm of the hyaline cells was closely packed with intermediate-sized filaments having no apparent orientation. It is suggested that the hyaline cells are modified myoepithelial cells.

Adenoma, Pleomorphic↗
PubMed1981

Gingival pigmentation associated with antimalarial drugs.

Two cases of pigmentary changes in the gingivae as well as other oral sites are described. The bluish pigmentation is related to the oral administration of the antimalarial drug Camoquin. The literature is inconclusive as to the nature of the pigment and the pathogenic mechanisms involved. Some authors believe the pigment to be hemosiderin but there seems to be growing evidence that the pigmentary changes result from increased melanin formation. The pigment fades away gradually after the use of the drug is discontinued. The pigmentary changes described assume an increased importance in the differential diagnosis of oral pigmentary lesions as the antimalarial drugs are becoming more popular in the treatment of various dermatologic disorders.

Adult↗
PubMed1981

Changing concepts of the junctional nevus and melanoma: review of the literature and report of case.

Junctional nevus is the rarest type of oral nevus and only three well-documented cases have been reported. The present study adds a fourth case to the literature. Junctional nevus must be carefully differentiated from atypical melanocytic hyperplasia and malignant melanoma, which are clinically similar lesions. Because their malignant potential is uncertain, it is recommended that oral junctional nevi be completely excised. The classification of pigmented nevi of skin and mucous membrane and the concepts of their relationship to malignant melanomas have been changing. The authors recommend a classification for oral lesions based on the work of Sagebiel.

Child, Preschool↗