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Biomedical subjects

A Borkowski

Publications and source records attributed to A Borkowski.

At least 127 records · Page 7Linked to original sources
PubMed1977

Operative treatment of megaureter in adults.

After a general outline of ideas about surgery of the megaureter, the author presents one-year postoperative results for 3 adult patients with megaureter, operated on by Prof. Hardy Hendren during his visit to Warsaw. The tapering of the ureters and reimplantation were done in all 3 cases. Though the presented material is too small to draw a definite conclusion, the results obtained in adults by a world-renowned specialist of surgery of megaureter in children can be helpful in the choice of a line of conduct in this difficult urological problem.

Adult↗
PubMed1977

Antibacterial prophylaxis in patients after prostatectomy.

Seventy-five patients with prostatic adenoma and sterile urine cultures were treated prophylactically after operation, with one of four antibacterial drugs (Nitrofurantoin, Mandelamine, Biseptol, Chlorocid). Administration of Nitrofurantoin and Mandelamine in the postoperative period was found to be advantageous. In patients receiving these drugs, incidence of urinary tract infections was reduced by one half compared with a control group of untreated patients.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

Steroid sex hormones and prolactin in postmenopausal women with generalized mammary carcinoma during prolonged dexamethasone treatment.

The endocrine response to prolonged dexamethasone treatment was investigated in six postmenopausal women with generalized mammary carcinoma. Plasma cortisol levels decreased rapidly and became undetectable whereas significant concentrations of plasma dehydroepiandrosterone and androstenedione persisted throughout the study, even in two ovariectomized patients, indicating a certain degree of autonomy or a greater resistance of adrenal 'androgens' to the inhibition of ACTH secretion. Except in the ovariectomized patients, plasma testosterone did not fall significantly whereas the plasma oestrogens tended progressively towards undetectable concentrations. A similar response was found in six normal postmenopausal women although the disappearance of their oestrogens was relatively rapid. This indicates that much of the testosterone present after the menopause could still be produced by the ovaries whereas the ovarian production of oestrogens becomes negligible. The delayed disappearance of oestrogens in the patients with mammary carcinoma indicates that the persisting adrenal 'androgens' remained efficient precursors of oestrogen synthesis within the peripheral tissues and presumably within the mammary tumour itself. Plasma dihydrotestosterone behaved like the plasma oestrogens. Despite the fall in plasma oestrogens, plasma gonadotrophins did not increase further but plasma prolactin rose progressively. The persistance of steroid sex hormones and the rise of plasma prolactin might explain the poor response to dexamethasone treatment in mammary carcinoma.

Aged↗
PubMed1976

Output of oestrogens, testosterone and their precursors by isolated human adrenal cells as compared with that of glucocorticosteroids.

The output of oestrogens, testosterone and their precursors was compared with that of glucocorticosteroids under standardized conditions, in a suspension of isolated human adrenal cells. Cortisol, corticosterone, androstenedione, dehydroepiandrosterone and its sulphate all increased in the same proportions after ACTH stimulation. The response to the logarithm of ACTH concentrations had a sigmoid shape but was fairly linear between 5 and 100 to 1000 muu./ml. The output of dehydroepiandrosterone plus that of its sulphate was of the same order of magnitude as the production of cortisol; the output of free dehydroepiandrosterone averaged half that of the sulphate indicating that the adrenal cortex is capable, under certain conditions, of producing large amounts of the free steroid. The output of androstenedione was very low, on average 35 times lower than that of cortisol, suggesting by extrapolation that the adrenal secretion may not be the main source of androstenedione in vivo or that ACTH is not the unique stimulus to adrenal androstenedione secretion. The output of testosterone was small to negligible and that of oestrogens was practically absent. In three additional experiments the influence of prolactin, prostaglandins, FSH and HCG was explored: no selective stimulation of androgen or oestrogen output was observed except in one experiment in which HCG stimulated adrenal testosterone production.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed1975

Regeneration of 2.5 cm of the ureter.

Regeneration of the ureter from a strip of healthy wall is well known. Regeneration after loss of the whole is an unusual phenomenon. A case of regeneration is presented after complete loss of 2.5 cm. Urography 1-5 years afterwards showed a normally functioning kidney. Bibliography of experimental and clinical work is discussed.

Adult↗
PubMed1975

Irregular regeneration and diverticulum formation after intubated ureterotomy.

Dilatation of the ureter and diverticulum formation after Davis' intubated ureterotomy is described. This irregular regeneration was observed in 10 patients out of 100 carefully reviewed post-operatively. In three of the cases where dilatation was particularly marked, the functional results of the Davis' operation was bad and there was recurrence of lithiasis. The conditions and complications of this operation which may lead to irregular regeneration are reviewed and some theoretical explanations are suggested.

Dilatation, Pathologic↗