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Biomedical subjects

A Adam

Publications and source records attributed to A Adam.

At least 289 records · Page 16Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

The role of the kinin system in various inflammatory models in the rat.

The plasma of a peculiar strain of Brown Norway rats (BN/May Pfd f) is devoid of high molecular weight kininogen and poor in kallikrein. This strain could be used to estimate the involvement of the kinin system in inflammatory processes. In these rats, the oedema induced by kaolin, carrageenans, uric acid and urate crystals exhibited a small development, while the oedemas induced by 48/80, dextran, zymosan, trypsin, nystatin, concanavalin A and heating were not reduced. The exudates withdrawn from Brown Norway rats contained no kinin and a low level of PGE2. The involvement of the kinin system in these inflammatory models is discussed.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

In vitro immune response to sheep erythrocytes in macrophage depleted cultures. Restoration with interleukine 1 or a monokine from resident macrophages and stimulation by N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP).

The involvement of macrophages in the adjuvanticity of N-acetyl-muramyl-L-alanyl-D-isoglutamine (MDP) has been examined. The stimulation of the in vitro primary immune response to sheep red blood cells (SRBC) has been studied, because it is known that macrophages cooperate through the mediation of soluble compounds for the induction of the anti-SRBC response. The cultures depleted of macrophages by passing spleen cells on Sephadex G-10 were unable to give any response to SRBC. Their immune responsiveness was fully restored by the addition of either Interleukine 1 (IL 1) obtained from P388D1 cells or a factor able to replace macrophages (FRM) obtained from resident peritoneal macrophages. MDP alone, at any dose, was unable to induce any response in such macrophage depleted cultures, but it was able to enhance the antibody response of these cultures reconstituted with monokines, with the same characteristics in dose effect and timing dependence than in whole spleen cells.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1983

Prostaglandin biosynthesis is not affected by the anti-inflammatory effect of turpentine.

In turpentine-pretreated rats, the development of carrageenan induced oedema is reduced, while dextran and PGE2-induced oedemas are not influenced. In these pretreated rats, carrageenan oedema is potentiated by arachidonic acid, the hypotensive effect of arachidonic acid is not decreased and the production of malonaldehyde by platelets is not inhibited. Thus, the reduction of carrageenan oedema in turpentine treated-rats does not appear to depend on an endogenous PG synthesis inhibition, while plasma level of acute phase reactants is greatly increased.

Animals↗
PubMed1983

[Secretion of two different monokines. Effect of TPA and silica].

IL 1 can be released from P388D1 cells; addition of TPA increases the level of mitogenic activity but an analysis of the phenomenon shows that this increase is not due to a higher level of IL1 secretion but rather to a comitogenic activity that develops upon incubation of TPA in foetal Calf serum containing media. In contrast, addition of silica enhances the release of IL1. Murine peritoneal macrophages produce a monokine (FRM) with macrophage replacing activity for the in vitro antibody production against SRBC. The presence of silica induces supernatants which in addition increase the proliferation of thymocytes. Chromatography on ultrogel AcA54 shows that the activity obtained from resident cells is due to FRM (M.W. 35000) whereas IL1 (M.W. 15000) is released upon incubation with silica. The same effect has been observed with Rats: IL1 is released instead of FRM when silica is added to peritoneal macrophages.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

[Isolation of a monokine with a macrophage replacing activity for the induction of the antibody response to sheep red blood cells in vitro].

Macrophages are required for the induction of the immune response in vitro; it is known, however, that in the case of a particulate antigen such as red blood cells, macrophages can be replaced by a culture supernatant obtained from peritoneal cells. In the present paper we have studied the compound responsible for this activity, and compared it with the monokine Interleukine 1 obtained from activated macrophages: it has a different molecular weight: 35 K instead of 15 K and, in contrast with Interleukine 1, this compound is without effect on the proliferation of thymocytes.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Double-blind comparison of the postoperative respiratory depressant effects of alfentanil and fentanyl.

Alfentanil was compared with fentanyl in a double blind study of 90 female patients undergoing laparoscopic sterilizations. The analgesic was combined with droperidol and etomidate for induction and with etomidate, nitrous oxide and occasional increments of succinylcholine for maintenance of anesthesia. Twenty-four percent of the patients required reversal of postoperative respiratory depression after fentanyl compared with 7% after alfentanil (p = 0.042). When the last dose of analgesic had been given more than 10 minutes before the end of the operation, none of the alfentanil patients required reversal of respiratory depression while under the same circumstances 26% of the fentanyl patients required naloxone (p = 0.005). Awakening was delayed in all patients, exceeding a mean time of 20 minutes in both groups. However, 84% of patients were alert on awakening after alfentanil compared with 62% of patients after fentanyl (p = 0.032). Duration and quality of postoperative analgesia were similar in both groups. Cardio-vascular stability was satisfactory in all patients and side effects were minor and infrequent.

Adult↗
PubMed1982

[Formation of human immunoreactive LMW and HMW-kininogens during coagulation. Comparison with bradykinin activity].

Variations of the levels of human HMW and LMW kininogens have been studied in serum and in plasma incubated in vitro during 30 hours, at three different temperatures: 4 degrees, 22 degrees and 37 degrees C. There is a small difference between the level of LMW kininogen in plasma and in serum, but the serum and plasma level of LMW kininogen are almost stable during the time of incubation at the three temperatures. However, HMW kininogen is reduced in serum to about fifty percent of its plasma level. It decreases in plasma and in serum during incubation, overall at 4 degrees C. A strict parallelism stays between the radioimmunoassay and the bioassay.

Biological Assay↗
PubMed1981

Ganglioneuroblastoma of the posterior mediastinum: a clinicopathologic review of 80 cases.

The pathology and clinical course of 80 cases of ganglioneuroblastoma (GNB) of the posterior mediastinum are presented. Many neoplasms in this series had previously been classified as differentiating neuroblastomas or immature ganglioneuromas. The prognosis for this group is far better than that for either neuroblastomas or intra-abdominal GNBs. Follow-up was obtained for 72 patients, of whom 55 were followed for 2-23 years. The five-year actuarial survival rate was 88%. Prognosis was related to histologic growth pattern, age, and extent of disease at diagnosis. Stage I tumors were curable by simple excision; children with Stage II tumors treated with surgery and radiation responded as favorably as did those who received adjunctive chemotherapy. In contrast to those associated with late recurrences, the only examples of fatal primary tumors, with one exception, were those patients with Stage IV lesions at the time of initial diagnosis. The therapeutic implications and need for uniform terminology in classifying GNBs are discussed.

Adolescent↗