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Biomedical subjects

A Adam

Publications and source records attributed to A Adam.

At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1985

Iohexol and diatrizoate: comparison in visceral arteriography.

Iohexol, a low osmolality, nonionic contrast medium, and diatrizoate, a conventional, ionic contrast medium, were evaluated for patient tolerance during visceral arteriography. Almost all the procedures performed with iohexol were painless: most patients given this agent reported only a mild feeling of warmth. Diatrizoate produced some pain and a feeling of intense heat in most patients. Both media produced excellent radiographic results, and no serious adverse reactions occurred.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1985

Optimized determination of plasma prokallikrein on a Hitachi 705 analyser.

Manual determination of plasma prokallikrein using a chromogenic substrate is tedious. We describe the optimal conditions of enzymatic quantification by a fully automated method enabling rapid availability of the results and an easier estimation of this interesting compound in clinical chemistry.

Heparin↗
PubMed1985

Hereditary heat-labile hexosaminidase B: a variant whose homozygotes synthesize a functional HEX A.

Homozygosity for a mutant allele at the beta-chain locus of hexosaminidase (HEX), resulting in a variant of heat-labile HEX B, is reported for the first time in two healthy children. HEX activity in their sera, leukocytes, and cultured skin fibroblasts is severely deficient when measured on the synthetic substrate 4-MU-GLcNAc. However, their cultured skin fibroblasts synthesize and process both alpha and beta chains of HEX, and their lymphoid cells hydrolyze normally the natural ganglioside GM2. This mutation is, therefore, different from at least one of the beta-chain mutations found in previously published families with heat-labile HEX B.

Cells, Cultured↗
PubMed1985

Influence of oral contraceptives and pregnancy on constituents of the kallikrein-kininogen system in plasma.

We measured kininogens of low and high molecular mass along with prokallikrein activity in plasma of women with a normal menstrual cycle. We observed no difference between results for the follicular and luteal phases. We assayed the same constituents in women who were taking oral contraceptives (combined estroprogestative) and found that activity of prokallikrein and concentrations of low- and high-molecular-mass kininogens were significantly increased. Lastly, we studied the components of the kallikrein-kininogen system during pregnancy. We also observed a marked increase in their concentrations in plasma, despite a decrease in total proteins. Specifically, prokallikrein and kininogens increase continuously with gestational age, reaching their maxima around the eighth month of pregnancy. At that time, more than 50% of observed results fall outside the normal reference interval. Our observations are even more striking when prokallikrein and kininogens are expressed in units per gram of total proteins, to account for the hemodilution. After delivery, the concentrations of prokallikrein and low- and high-molecular-mass kininogens decline promptly, returning to normal within three days.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Percutaneous catheter nephrostomy drainage--results of 70 procedures.

Percutaneous nephrostomy (PCN) was performed 70 times in 46 patients. In the majority of cases the procedure was carried out as an emergency to relieve urinary obstruction. 20 of the patients had subsequent elective surgery, in others PCN allowed time for other forms of treatment to become effective. The technique carries a low mortality and morbidity, can be performed using either fluoroscopic or ultrasound imaging and should be available in all radiology departments.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1985

Human kininogens of low and high molecular mass: quantification by radioimmunoassay and determination of reference values.

Kininogens of low and high molecular mass, highly purified from human plasma, were used to raise antisera in rabbits. To obtain immunologically intact tracers, we labeled the kininogens by the lodogen method, followed by double chromatography, first on Sephadex G50 and then on Sephadex G200 for high-molecular-mass kininogen or on G100 for low-molecular-mass kininogen. Both assays are sensitive, accurate, and reproducible. On an equimolar basis, the high-molecular-mass kininogen cross reacted completely in the determination of low-molecular-mass analyte. Moreover, the radioimmunoassay for the former was highly specific. After optimizing the time and temperature of incubation to provide rapid and reliable results, we determined 95% reference intervals from a large sample of healthy subjects (250 men, 200 women): 109-272 and 69-116 mg/L for the low- and high-molecular-mass kininogens, respectively.

Adult↗
PubMed1985

Analytical evaluation of a new latex agglutination test for quantitative determination of C-reactive protein by laser nephelometry.

A new reagent for the rapid and reliable quantitative determination of C-reactive protein (CRP), using polystyrene particles coated with antibodies against CRP, is now available. We present an analytical evaluation of this new test system. The analytical characteristics of sensitivity, linearity, precision and specificity are excellent. Samples from patients with various inflammatory conditions were tested. Correlation between the examined technique and current methods such as radial immunodiffusion, classical laser nephelometry and enzyme immunoassay were excellent.

Adult↗
PubMed1984

Restoration and stimulation of the in vitro immune response of B cells to sheep erythrocytes by interleukins and muramyl dipeptide (MDP).

MDP, a synthetic muramyl dipeptide, is capable of increasing the primary in vitro antibody response, to sheep erythrocytes, of purified B cells restored with a monokine and helper T cell factors, including Interleukin 2 and the late-acting T cell replacing factor (TRF). First, the possibility that the adjuvanticity of MDP could be due to the elaboration of Interleukin 1, caused by its effect on macrophages, was excluded. In addition, a kinetic study showed that the effect of MDP was greater when added later, concomitantly with or one day after the helper T cell factors. Therefore, it appears that MDP acts directly on B cells, in a late stage of their differentiation to antibody-producing cells.

Acetylmuramyl-Alanyl-Isoglutamine↗
PubMed1984

Inflammation in the rat paw due to urate crystals. Involvement of the kinin system.

Monosodium urate and uric acid crystals induced kinin formation in Wistar rat plasma. They were inactive in the Brown Norway rat plasma which did not contain high molecular weight kininogen and had a low level in prekallikrein. Crystal-induced inflammation in the Brown Norway rat paw developed later and reached only 70% of the values observed in Wistar rats. Captopril, a kininase inhibitor, enhanced the oedema induced in the Wistar rat but did not affect the oedema in the Brown Norway rat. The leucocyte accumulation in the peritoneal cavity after uric acid injection was similar in both strains. The kinin system appeared to be involved in the inflammatory process induced in the rat by urate and uric acid crystals, as it is involved in carrageenan oedema.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Role of the kallikrein-kininogen-kinin system in the inflammatory reaction and septic shock].

Kinins, which are vasodilatory, permeability-increasing, pain-producing polypeptides, are formed from inactive precursors: kininogens. Their actions make kinins a particularly powerful potential pro-inflammatory factor. However the absence of specific antagonists has so far made it impossible to ascribe them a definite role in inflammation. Two studies of experimental endotoxemia in burns patients, septicemia and septic shock have demonstrated the following facts: activation occurs of specific ( pKK ) and non-specific (plasminogen-plasmin system) kininogenases , K-HMW and K-LMW levels are significantly decreased. Kininogen consumption corresponds to increased BDK production. This would therefore appear to be one of the humoral factors responsible for haemodynamic changes. Though measurement of kininogen levels is still a painstaking process, the development of chromogenic substrates has made pKK and KK measurement simple and fast. Once they have been validated physico-pathologically in a large number of patients, such assays should take their place among the diagnostic weapons of clinical biology at the disposal of clinicians.

Animals↗
PubMed1984

[Circulating vasopressin (ADH) during immersion of short duration].

During immersion in sitting position to the neck of 9 normal adult males, no change has been observed in the concentration of circulating ADH (1.91 +/- 0.58 versus 2.08 +/- 0.76 pg.ml-1) after 45 minutes. In the same period, diuresis is significantly increased (1.26 +/- 0.14 versus 3.9 +/- 1.19 ml.min-1).

Adult↗
PubMed1984

[Natriuria during immersion of brief duration].

During immersion in sitting position to the neck of 10 normal adult males, natriuria is significantly increased even after pretreatment with captopril (2 mg X kg-1, p.o.). Inhibition of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone cascade does not completely block the mechanisms causing natriuria during immersion.

Adult↗