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Results for “Ovulation Detection”

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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2002

Validity of methods for analyzing urinary steroid data to detect ovulation in athletes.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to determine whether the accuracy of ovulation detection algorithms is compromised when applied to menstrual cycles exhibiting subclinical hormonal abnormalities, which are particularly prevalent in female athletes. METHODS: The validity of five ovulation detection algorithms was compared between 25 regularly exercising women and 15 sedentary controls. Subjects collected daily urine samples for an entire menstrual cycle for analysis of estrone-3-glucuronide (E1G), pregnanediol-3-glucuronide (PDG), and luteinizing hormone (LH). The algorithms were applied to determine their sensitivity (% of true ovulatory cycles), specificity (% of true anovulatory cycles), and the deviation from the reference day of ovulation (difference scores). RESULTS: The sensitivity was > 80% in all algorithms except Baird's E1G/PDG ratio algorithm (74%) and Kassam's PDG ratio algorithm (78%). All algorithms, except Kassam's PDG ratio algorithm (80%), were found to exhibit specificities < 70%. Baird's E1G/PDG ratio algorithm was the most accurate in estimating the day of ovulation by deviating only -0.2 +/- 0.3 d from the reference day in the exercising female cycles and -0.5 +/- 0.3 d in the controls. No statistical differences in the sensitivities of the algorithms were found between the exercising and control cycles. When comparing the deviation from the reference day of ovulation between subject groups, no statistical difference was found. CONCLUSION: The algorithms display similar validity in determining the presence and day of ovulation between subject groups, and thus may be applied to cycles exhibiting subclinical hormonal abnormalities as commonly observed in exercising women.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1996

The CUE Fertility Monitor compared to ultrasound and LH peak measurements for fertile time ovulation detection.

A prospective study of the reliability of the CUE Fertility Monitor to identify the fertile time of the menstrual cycle was conducted. The device provides a digital measurement of the electrical resistance of saliva (SER) and vaginal secretions (VL). The readings of the device were compared with the fertile time detected by ultrasonography of the growing follicle and estimation of the LH surge to detect ovulation. Thirteen women participated in the study. Sixteen cycles contained both signals (SER, VL) for the beginning and the end of the fertile period. In 2 cycles a CUE signal could not be found by the device. Using a computerized algorithm for evaluation of the CUE signals, the beginning of the fertile period was accurately detected in 14 cycles; in 2 cycles the signal was found less than five days prior to ovulation. The last day of fertility was identified correctly by the CUE Fertility Monitor in 10 cycles; in 6 it was incorrectly identified during the time when the woman was still fertile. This suggests that the CUE Fertility Monitor utilizing the algorithm on which it currently is based cannot be recommended for natural family planning. However, we think that the algorithm for evaluation should be improved as useful signals in the menstrual cycle are detected.

Adult↗
PubMed1990

Evaluation of the accuracy of the home ovulation detection kit, Clearplan, at predicting ovulation.

A home ovulation testing kit, Clearplan, that detects the urinary luteinizing hormone (LH) surge was compared with basal body temperature (BBT) charts and cervical scoring as a method of ovulation prediction in 54 consecutive patients. The accuracy of all these methods was evaluated using daily serum LH measurements. Clearplan was shown to be significantly more accurate at timing ovulation than were BBT charts (P less than 0.0001) and cervical scoring (P less than 0.025). In 82%-88% of cases the kit predicted ovulation within one day and in 89%-96% of cases within two days of the serum LH surge. The kits were found to be easy to use and their potential place in clinical practice is discussed; home ovulation testing may ultimately replace serum LH assays as the method of choice in timing ovulation.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1987

Monitoring techniques to predict and detect ovulation.

This study was designed to evaluate the accuracy of various methods in predicting and detecting ovulation in 14 spontaneous and 17 clomiphene citrate (CC)-induced cycles. From cycle day 11 all subjects (n = 27) were followed with daily transvaginal ultrasound; rapid measurement of serum luteinizing hormone (LH) and estradiol (E2); determination of urinary LH with First Response (Tambrands Inc., Palmer, MA) and Ovustick (Monoclonal Antibodies, Inc., Mountain View, CA) kits; and recording of basal body temperature (BBT). The results demonstrated that transvaginal ultrasound detected ovulation in all cycles. Mean daily serum LH levels were similar in both groups, and peak values of 40 mIU/ml or greater preceded the day of ovulation in all cycles. Serum E2 peak was significantly greater in CC cycles (961 +/- 96 versus 463 +/- 39 pg/ml) (P less than 0.01) and preceded the LH peak in 97% of the cycles. First Response and Ovustick predicted ovulation in 53.3% and 87.5% of the cycles, respectively (P less than 0.01). BBT nadir predicted the day of ovulation in only 10% of cycles. In conclusion, this study revealed that transvaginal ultrasound is an excellent method for detection of ovulation and that Ovustick is a very useful method for prediction of the day of ovulation.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Periovulatory profiles of oestradiol, LH and progesterone in relation to oestrus and embryo mortality in multiparous sows using transrectal ultrasonography to detect ovulation.

The timing of oestrus, the concentrations of oestradiol, LH and progesterone, and embryo survival on day 35 of pregnancy in 16 weaned multiparous sows were studied in relation to the moment of ovulation. Ovulation was detected using transrectal ultrasonography. The interval between weaning and ovulation varied between 126 and 214 h (156 +/- 29). The peak oestradiol concentration was 27 +/- 17 pg ml-7; sows with a shorter interval between weaning and ovulation had higher peaks of oestradiol (r = -0.54, P = 0.02). The interval between the peak oestradiol concentration and peak LH concentration was 11 +/- 4 h. The shape, width and height of the LH surge were variable, but did not influence the interval between the peak LH concentration and ovulation, which varied between 26 and 34 h (30 +/- 3). The interval between ovulation and the time when the progesterone concentration rose to more than 1.0 ng ml-1 above basal progesterone concentrations varied from 6 to 19 h (13 +/- 4). Ovulation took place at a more or less constant relative time of the oestrous period (after 72 +/- 8% of the duration of oestrus), irrespective of the duration of oestrus. The timing of the peak concentrations of oestradiol and LH and the rise in progesterone concentrations were closely related to the occurrence of ovulation but not to the onset of oestrus. Embryo survival on day 35 of pregnancy was related to the interval between the peak concentrations of oestradiol and LH (r = -0.68, P = 0.02); shorter intervals resulted in higher embryo survival.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Animals↗
PubMed1980

Ultrasound scanning of ovaries to detect ovulation in women.

Healthy volunteers with regular ovarian function, women taking oral contraceptives, and infertile patients being treated with clomiphene were studied longitudinally from day 7 of the cycle to menstruation. The main objective was to determine whether ovulation or failure to ovulate could be detected accurately by the use of ultrasound. The ovaries were scanned with a Kretz Combison 100 sector scanner every 1 to 3 days for morphologic changes consistent with follicle development, ovulation, and development of the corpus luteum. The morphologic changes were correlated with daily urinary hormone profiles. The estimated times of ovulation according to ultrasound and luteinizing hormone peak overlapped by 24 hours in 19 of 23 normal cycles and in 5 of 6 cycles of patients treated with clomiphene. Both techniques indicated that three of three women taking oral contraceptives did not ovulate. The ultrasound studies indicated a wide range in the diameter of the preovulatory follicle, which precludes follicular diameter as a single index for prediction of ovulation. However, by measuring the maximal diameter of the follicle and observing the morphologic changes within the ovary from follicle to corpus luteum, it was possible to detect ovulation in more than 80% of cycles studied. This technique was found to be quick, inexpensive, and efficient.

Clomiphene↗
PubMed1994

Potential acceptability of ovulation detection kits and RU-486 at two college campuses.

Two innovations in fertility research may expand birth control options in the United States. Ovulation detection kits, used alone or in conjunction with barrier methods of contraception, could be used to chart the fertile period. RU-486, when used in conjunction with a prostaglandin, induces early abortion, providing an alternative to conventional vacuum aspiration abortion. To measure the hypothetical acceptability of these methods, the authors surveyed 710 women at two college campuses in California regarding potential use of ovulation detection kits and RU-486. Seventy-one percent of the women in the final sample indicated an interest in using ovulation kits. Of these women, most (72%) were interested in using an ovulation detection kit as a supplement to barrier methods, and 22% indicated they would consider the kit as a sole method of birth control. More than 68% of the women in the sample indicated they would choose an abortion if faced with an unwanted pregnancy, and 60% would hypothetically choose RU-486 in preference to a conventional pregnancy termination. The most frequently cited reason for preferring RU-486 rather than conventional methods of abortion was to avoid the risks associated with the vacuum aspiration technique.

Abortion, Induced↗
PubMed1992

Ovulation detection.

Despite major achievements in elucidating many details of the physiologic processes of human reproduction during the past 2 decades, a simple, reliable, and inexpensive method for the prediction and detection of the time of ovulation is still not available. For clinical purposes, studies of BBT and biophysical and biochemical constituents of cervical mucus appear to be the most practical methods of ovulation detection. The development of rapid and easy-to-use urinary LH assays and steroid assay kits for measurement of urinary and salivary estrogen and progesterone or their metabolites may further improve the precision of ovulation timing.

Biopsy↗
PubMed1982

Basal body temperature as a method of ovulation detection: comparison with ultrasonographical findings.

In 47 cycles with hormonal evidence of ovulation, the detection and timing of ovulation by basal body temperature (BBT) and by ultrasonographical observation are compared. The ovulation detection rate by ultrasonographical method proves to be considerably higher than by BBT criteria. The timing of the day of ovulation is evaluated, assuming that the ultrasonographical event of follicle disappearance represents ovulation. BBT criteria nadir, coverline and the eye-balling method show a very poor frequency distribution. The result of the FDHP method is a nearly symmetrical distribution, however, with a considerable range. We conclude that ovulation detection and timing by BBT are not reliable.

Body Temperature↗
PubMed1989

A novel approach for monitoring the endometrial cycle and detecting ovulation.

We report the presence of a cycle-dependent sialoglycoprotein in the endometrium. A monoclonal antibody (D9B1) to this glycoprotein has been derived and used to study tissue from 24 women with normal menstrual cycles. Results obtained with peroxidase immunohistochemistry suggest a highly significant variation in concentration of the glycoprotein, which is absent in the proliferative phase and present at maximal levels in the early secretory phase. The amount of antigen then diminishes slowly through the latter part of the secretory phase. The glycoprotein is produced in epithelial cells of glands and uterine lumen before being secreted across the apical cell surface. The secretory response is uniform in different areas of the tissue and within individual glands. However, considerable differences in secretory activity can be observed between adjacent glands in any part of the endometrium. Binding of the antibody is shown to be a new and novel parameter in characterization and standardization of the normal function of endometrium in response to ovarian hormones.

Antibodies, Monoclonal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Accuracy of the Ovulon fertility monitor to predict and detect ovulation.

The purpose of this pilot study was to correlate the three biologic markers of the Ovulon fertility monitor (a long-term predictive peak about 6 days before ovulation, a short-term predictive peak about 1 day before ovulation, and a nadir at the time of ovulation) with the peak in cervical mucus and the luteinizing hormone (LH) surge in the urine. Ten volunteer subjects (mean age 30.2 years) monitored their cervical-vaginal mucus, the surge of LH in the urine with a home assay test, and their vaginal electrical readings (with Ovulon monitors) on a daily basis for one to four menstrual cycles. In 19 of the 21 cycles that indicated a LH surge, there was a strong positive correlation between the LH surge and the peak of cervical-vaginal mucus (r = 0.96, P < or = .01), and between the LH surge and both the Ovulon nadir and Ovulon short-term predictive peak (r = 0.84, P < or = .01), and a modest positive correlation between the long-term Ovulon predictive peak and the LH surge (r = 0.62, P < or = .01). The time of optimal fertility as determined by the peak in cervical mucus, the LH surge, and the Ovulon was similar. The Ovulon has potential as a reusable device to help women determine their fertile period.

Adult↗
PubMed1976

Use of vaginal concretions of calcium carbonate to detect ovulation in hamsters.

Concretions of calcium carbonate normally appear every third and fourth da of the 4-da hamster cycle da 1 = day of ovulation). We presently found that the 2-da relation between ovulation and concretion formation was maintained even after ovulation was delayed 1 or more da by centrally acting drugs or by exposing the hamsters to constant light. It is therefore possible to identify days of ovulation in vaginal washing records of both normal and treated hamsters by counting back 2 da from each sequence of concretions.

Animals↗