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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2026

The transcription factor NO TRANSMITTING TRACT/WIP2 modulates cytokinin homeostasis in Arabidopsis.

The transcription factor WIP2/NO TRANSMITTING TRACT (WIP2/NTT) belongs to the WIP zinc finger family. Loss of WIP/NTT function in Arabidopsis thaliana causes alterations in specific tissues in the gynoecium. It also impairs root development, but only when combined with the loss of WIP4 and WIP5 function, due to redundancy. Certain mutant loss-of-function phenotypes can be recovered by cytokinin application, NTT interacts with cytokinin signaling components, and the phenotypes displayed by plants with increased WIP2/NTT expression also suggest a possible interaction with this pathway. Therefore, the objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between WIP2/NTT and the cytokinin pathway. To overcome the issue of genetic redundancy, we used a commonly used inducible system. We found that WIP2/NTT induction alters cytokinin levels and signaling in a tissue-specific manner, as shown by cytokinin content measurements and TCSn::GFP reporter analysis. Transcriptome analyses revealed candidate target genes related to the cytokinin pathway. Yeast one-hybrid and transactivation assays demonstrated direct NTT binding to regulatory regions of the cytokinin genes ISOPENTENYL TRANSFERASE 5 (IPT5), ARABIDOPSIS HISTIDINE PHOSPHOTRANSFER PROTEIN 6 (AHP6), and CYTOKININ OXIDASE/DEHYDROGENASE 7 (CKX7) involved in cytokinin biosynthesis, signaling, and degradation, respectively. Moreover, immunolocalization assays revealed that cytokinin distribution was altered in loss of function mutants and after NTT induction. The results of this work indicate that WIP2/NTT modulates cytokinin homeostasis.

Cytokinins↗
PubMed1978

Urinary tract infection in a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases.

A study of the prevalence of urinary tract infection (UTI) in 430 women attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases and its relationship to sexual activity is presented. UTI, usually asymptomatic, was found to be slightly more common in women attending the clinic than in the general population, its prevalence being 4.9%. UTI was more commonly found in patients who gave a history of recent sexual intercourse, which suggests that recent coitus was a factor in the development of significant bacteriuria. The likelihood of finding significant bacteriuria was not related to the number of sexual partners in the previous year. Trichomoniasis was more common in the small group of patients with UTI than in other women. The most common causative organism of UTI was Escherichia coli, and the isolates were usually sensitive to ampicillin, sulphonamides, trimethoprim, and nitrofurantoin.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Frequency-response analysis of vestibular-induced neck reflex in cat. II. Functional significance of cervical afferents and polysynaptic descending pathways.

1. Three major inputs to cervical motoneurons were analyzed with frequency-response methods in decerebrate and unanesthetized cats: the afferent system including the gamma-loop, the vestibulospinal tract, and some polysynaptic tract that transmits vestibular influences in the vestibulocollic reflex. 2. The dorsal roots C1-C4 were cut in order to open the feedback loop through the gamma-fiber spindle-afferent system. No effects were observed on the gain and the phase lag of motor-unit response. However, the DC components of the response were consistently decreased by deafferentation both in motor-unit and compound EMG responses. Firing of muscle spindle afferents was modulated during oscillation of the turntable. The majority of responses of spindle afferents was in phase with the simultaneously recorded extrafusal motor activity. These results indicate the existence of alpha-gamma coactivation in the vestibulocollic reflex. 3. Intracellular recording from cervical motoneurons showed that monosynaptic EPSP's were induced by dorsal root stimulation. By far the larger EPSP's, however, were observed with latencies of 10-15 ms, showing the existence of more powerful polysynaptic routes. It is postulated that the cervical afferent system controls the gain of the reflex by changing the number of motor units participating in the vestibulocollic reflex through some polysynaptic pathways, and that the afferent system scarcely changes, the gain or phase lag of individual motor units through a short stretch reflex loop. 4. The medial vestibulospinal tract in the MLF was interrupted, but no effects were detected on the dynamic characteristics of the frequency response. This shows the existence of other effective descending pathways which function as an integrator. 5. Remarkable phase advances were induced by intravenous infusion of Nembutal. This suggests that the Nembutal decreased the activity of the polysynaptic pathways and that the neural integrator, composed of polysynaptic networks, was prevented from fulfilling its ordinary function.

Animals↗
PubMed1979

Relationship between sexual intercourse and urinary-tract infection in women attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases.

The prevalence of urinary-tract infection (UTI), diagnosed by examination of a single midstream urine from sexually active women was found to be 6.4%. Significant bacteriuria was most common in women who presented within 24 h of coitus but was not related to the number of sexual partners. UTI occurred significantly more often in women who presented within 4 days of intercourse than in women seen after a longer interval. Whether frequency of intercourse affects the prevalence of UTI remains to be determined.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1978

Mechanisms of infertility in genital tract infections due to Chlamydia psittaci transmitted through contaminated semen.

Ten heifers inseminated with semen artificially contaminated with Chlamydia psittaci were not pregnant 40 days later, whereas five of 10 control heifers inseminated with the same semen mixed with control diluent became pregnant. Normal embryos were recovered two and one-half or three days after insemination of another group of animals with semen containing C. psittaci, a finding indicating that fertilization failure was not responsible for the infertility. Uterine biopsy samples taken from two heifers in this group contained scattered Chlamydia-infected cells that were detected by immunofluorescence in the subepithelial tissues of the uterine horns. This finding suggests that the infertility may result from an alteration in the uterine environment caused by multiplication of C. psittaci.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

Interaction of electrosensory and electromotor signals in lateral line lobe of a mormyrid fish.

A signal associated with the neural command to discharge the electric organ is recorded in cells of the lateral line lobe. Responses of cells activated by medium receptor inputs are facilitated or less frequently inhibited during this command-associated signal. Only responses to disynaptic inputs are affected, the monosynaptic response is not altered. The periods of facilitation and inhibition occur at times at which electroreceptor activity evoked by organ discharge reaches the lateral line lobe. Presumably the command-associated signal is important in electrolocation. Cells responding to large receptor inputs are inhibited by the command-associated signal. Activity evoked by large receptors is transmitted in a mesencephalic fiber tract. The tract response is also inhibited by the command-associated signal. Since each organ discharge would excite all the large receptors at short latency, there would be little information contained in their responses. Inhibiting discharge-evoked activity may allow the system to return to maximum sensitivity most rapidly.

Animals↗
PubMed1978

Urinary tract infection in young women, with special reference to Staphylococcus saprophyticus.

Acute urinary tract infections in young women attending a clinic for sexually transmitted diseases were caused by the same bacteria, in the same proportions, as those that caused infections in women students. Staphylococcus saprophyticus biotype 3 (formerly called Micrococcus subgroup 3) was the commonest organism after coliform bacilli and caused about 30% of the infections. It was uncommon in women over 25 years of age and rarely caused asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy. Most infections, irrespective of the causative organism, started soon after sexual intercourse, but neither the staphylococci nor the other organisms were associated with promiscuity, as judged by numbers of sexual partners or the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases. There was no evidence that the staphylococci were sexually transmitted. The reasons for the virulence of Staph. saprophyticus and its predilection for the urinary tract of young women remain unknown.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Effects of socioeconomic status on incidences of three sexually transmitted diseases.

A new socioeconomic index scored for census tract characteristics (income, education, and household crowding) was used for study of the socioeconomic patterns of incidences of syphilis, gonorrhea, and squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix in Oregon's three metropolitan statistical areas. Cases of syphilis and gonorrhea were reported, but cases of uterine cancer were found by intensive searches of records from hospitals and pathology laboratories. For all three diseases there was a striking inverse relationship between incidence and urban socioeconomic status, a fact that indicated that this distribution pattern is probably real and not a function of reporting bias. This strong socioeconomic effect on the incidence of sexually transmitted diseases probably reflects corresponding differences in frequencies of nonmarital sexual contacts among the different socioeconomic strata; these differences should be recognized in our efforts to develop more rational control measure for application in the community. From the information available about contacts of persons with syphilis, it appeared that this socioeconomic incidence pattern was a function of heterosexual behavior.

Carcinoma in Situ↗
PubMed1976

Erythromycin: a review of its uses in pediatric practice.

Erythromycin continues to be a valuable and useful antimicrobial agent in children. Its low index of toxicity, freedom from sensitization, and reliable absorption and when administered orally contribute to make it an attractive agent in the treatment of a variety of minor respiratory and skin infections, especially in those situations where real or potential allergy to penicillin exists. Additional major uses are in the eradication of the carrier state in whooping cough and in diphtheria, especially in those instances when oral therapy can be tolerated. Dispite use over more than two decades, resistance developing in formerly susceptible organisms has not been a problem and thus seems unlikely to become so in the future.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

Sperm basic proteins in cervical carcinogenesis: Correlation with socioeconomic class.

Two types of basic protein, a histone and a protamine, were separated from single ejaculates of human sperm and a ratio between their contents in a given number of sperm established. The ratio varied widely in different males and correlated with ranking by social class: the lower the social class, the greater the proportion of protamine. Statistically similar correlations link social class with the incidence of venereal disease and the incidence of in-situ carcinoma of the cervix, both of which are epidemiological variables in squamous cervical cancer. The basic proteins of the sperm head, especially the protamines, may thus also have a role in the aetiology of squamous cervical cancer.

Carcinogens↗
PubMed1976

Gonococcal urethral stricture and watering-can perineum.

A total of sixteen patients with urethral stricture and/or perineal urinary fistulae (water-can perineum) complicating gonorrhoea were seen at the Special Treatment Clinic, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria. The patients were aged between 25 and 80 years, and the latent period between the time of original attack of gonococcal infection and the development of complications varied from 4 to 50 years. The rate of divorce or marital separation is high among these patients with late sequelae of gonorrhoea. The factors responsible for the present higher incidence of early and late complications of gonorrhoea among patients in Nigeria and other tropical countries compared with their counterparts in Europe and North American include: (a) Lack of medical facilities in most rural areas; (b) Inadequate treatment of veneral diseases, including the urban areas where self-medication is practised on a large scale by the general population; (c) Illiteracy and ignorance of venereal diseases. The cases of watering-can perineum reported here, and the subsequent chronic pyelonephritis and hypertension, reinforce the plea for early and energetic treatment of acute gonorrhoea in Africa as well as large-scale control measures by the health authorities.

Adult↗