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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed2022

Uric Acid Levels Are Associated with Bone Mineral Density in Mexican Populations: A Longitudinal Study.

Background: Inconsistent epidemiological evidence between uric acid (UA) and bone mineral density (BMD) has been observed. Therefore, we evaluated the association between UA and BMD in Mexican adults. Methods: This analysis was conducted on 1423 participants from the Health Workers Cohort Study. We explored cross-sectional associations using linear regression and longitudinal associations using fixed-effects linear regression by sex and age groups (<45 and &#x2265;45 years). Results: In females <45 years old, the cross-sectional analysis showed that UA levels were positively associated with total hip BMD. However, in the longitudinal analysis, we observed a negative association with the femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD. In contrast, in males <45 years old, we found an increase in total hip and femoral neck BMD in the groups with high levels of UA in the longitudinal association. On the other hand, in females &#x2265;45 years old, we observed a longitudinal association between UA and loss of BMD at different sites. We did not observe an association between UA levels and BMD in males &#x2265;45 years old. Conclusions: Our results suggest higher serum UA levels are associated with low BMD at different skeletal sites in Mexican females. Further studies are needed to delineate the underlying mechanisms behind this observation.

Male↗
PubMed1978

Discrete dental traits in four Tlaxcaltecan Mexican populations.

Seven hundred dental casts from four Tlaxcaltecan Indian populations of Mexico were analyzed for the incidence of ten discrete dental traits. The populations are of known historical origin, with Cuanalan and Saltillo transplanted from the Valley of Tlaxcala approximately 400 years ago. Given this temporal and geographical separation of these transplanted populations from the parental gene pool, statistically significant morphological divergence was observed. However, varying degrees of admixture with Spanish and possibly African colonists have complicated the interpretation of the results. Shovelling of incisors was shown to be the best discriminator of group differences. Mandibular molar patterns and mandibular incisor extension indicate that Cuanalan is closest to Saltillo while the valley communities. Tlaxcala and San Pablo, are closest to each other.

Asian People↗
PubMed1978

Distribution of HLA antigens in a Mexican--American population and a comparison with two similar populations from different geographical locales.

The frequencies of 32 HLA antigens of the A and B series were determined in a previously unstudied population of Mexican-Americans in South Texas. The phenotype and gene frequencies for this group are presented and are contrasted with those determined in studies of Mexican/Mexican--American populations from two different locales. The statistically significant differences observed emphasize the need for indigenous controls when evaluating racially heterogeneous populations for disease-associated HLA antigens.

California↗
PubMed1979

HLA frequencies in a Mexican Mestizo population.

The aim of the present study was to reevaluate the distribution of HLA antigens in Mexican Mestizos since, in our previous report, very few specificities were explored for this population. The Mestizos are primarly a mixture of Caucasians (Spaniards) and Mexican Indians and account at the present time for about 95% of the total Mexican population. A and B antigens were typed on isolated cells using a microlymphocytotoxicity technique. Antigen, gene and haplotype frequencies were calculated including the significance for delta values. The results clearly showed that the HLA distribution differs from other ethnic groups and the predominant antigens are A2, A9, B5, Bw35 and B40, but the general pattern clearly shows the participation in genetical composition of Spanish and Mexican Indian backgrounds. The most frequent haplotypes were A2-B5, A9-Bw35, A9-B40 and A2-B40, which are also the most common in some Mongoloid populations.

Alleles↗
PubMed2026

Association of TCF7L2 and LEPR gene variants (rs7903146 and rs1137101) with primary knee osteoarthritis in a northern Mexican Mestizo population.

INTRODUCTION: There is a growing interest in the study of Obesity, Diabetes, and their genetic polymorphisms for the risk of developing osteoarthritis. This study analyzed the associations among the rs1137101 LEPR gene and rs7903146 polymorphisms TCF7L2 gene with primary knee osteoarthritis in a population from northern Mexico. METHODS: We conducted a case-control study with 438 Mexican Mestizo participants, selected non-randomly by convenience. We included age, diabetes, and body mass index for analysis. The presence of the TCF7L2 (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;236) and LEPR (n&#x2009;=&#x2009;405) gene genotypes was determined using real-time PCR with the rhAmpTM SNP Assay methodology. We performed comparisons between groups using the chi-square test, Fisher&#xb4;s exact test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and adjusted regression model analysis. RESULTS: The CC genotype of the rs7903146 &#x200b;&#x200b;polymorphism was significantly associated as risk factor with obesity (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.043; OR 2.021, CI 1.023 - 3.989) and CT genotype as a protective factor (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.016, p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.013, and p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.008); the CC genotype was significantly associated with primary KOA as a risk factor (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.040; OR 2.061, CI 1.034 - 4.107) and the CT genotype as a protective factor (p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.039, and p&#x2009;=&#x2009;0.041; OR 0.480, CI 0.237 - 0.970). No association was found between the genotypes for LEPR rs1137101 and KOA. CONCLUSION: This study suggests a possible role for the rs7903146 &#x200b;&#x200b;polymorphism of the TCF7L2 gene, in the risk of primary KOA and obesity. We suggest conducting additional studies with a larger population sample, including other polymorphisms of the same genes in different ethnic groups, to corroborate the findings shown in this study. Key Points &#x2022; We observed significant associations for obesity and primary knee osteoarthritis in the presence of the rs7903146 CC and CT genotypes.

LEPR↗
PubMed1977

Risk factors in stroke in a Mexican-American population (Houston).

To date, there is little information available on stroke risk factors in a major ethnic minority such as Mexican-Americans (M-A) in the USA. Forty-three M-A patients were admitted to The Methodist Hospital and Ben Taub General Hospital (Houston) for a 12-month period, with diagnosis of atherosclerotic stroke. Thrombosis was diagnosed in 31 patients (72%), embolism from atherosclerotic sources in seven (16.4%), and parenchymal hemorrhage in five (11.6%). Hypertension was a common risk factor in all groups, being higher in hemorrhage followed by thrombosis and embolism. Arteriosclerotic heart disease was a common risk to all stroke types. TIAs, hyperlipidemia, diabetes, associated atherosclerotic lesions, smoking, obesity, erythrocytosis and sedentary life were significantly associated with embolism; less so with thrombosis or hemorrhage. Gout was only associated with thrombosis. These results indicate similar risk factors for Anglo-saxons and M-A in the USA with some minor differences between the Mexican and the USA stroke series.

Adult↗
PubMed2025

Cancer spectrum in Mexican patients with the CHEK2 p.(Leu236Pro) variant: a retrospective study.

This study aimed to characterize, for the first time, the cancer spectrum associated with the most frequent pathogenic CHEK2 variant-NM_007194.4(CHEK2):c.707T&#x2009;>&#x2009;C p.(Leu236Pro)-in Mexican individuals. Although this variant is frequently detected through multi-gene panel testing, limited data on its associated cancer risks complicates genetic counseling and surveillance strategies. We retrospectively analyzed 5,759 patients who underwent multi-gene panel testing between August 2015 and August 2024 due to suspected hereditary cancer syndromes. Among them, 58 CHEK2 p.(Leu236Pro) carriers with confirmed cancer diagnoses were identified. Geographical clustering was observed, with 81% of patients originating from central Mexico, suggesting a possible founder effect. Ten distinct clinical indications for genetic testing were identified, with hereditary breast and ovarian cancer (HBOC) syndrome being the most common (74.1%). The mean age at first diagnosis among carriers was 43.8&#x2009;&#xb1;&#x2009;12 years, and 61.1% of them reported a family history of cancer in first- or second-degree relatives. A second or third primary cancer occurred in 20.7% of cases. Tumors were identified in 12 anatomical sites. Breast cancer predominated (67.6%, including one male case), followed by ovarian (8.1%), prostate (6.7%), gastric (4.1%), thyroid (2.7%), and endometrial (2.7%) cancers. Lymphoma, lung, sacrococcygeal bone, colorectal, and non-melanoma skin cancers each occurred in a single patient. Significant risk association was identified only for breast, ovarian, and gastric cancers. These results highlight the need for personalized surveillance, especially for breast cancer. Incorporating CHEK2 p.(Leu236Pro) into clinical decision-making tools may enhance risk assessment in the Mexican population, but larger studies are needed to refine risk estimates and to clarify the possible founder effect.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Type 2 diabetes genetics in 125,000 admixed adults from Mexico City.

Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a highly heritable, polygenic disease with over 600 loci identified through genome-wide association studies (GWAS). However, despite possessing unique genetic variation shaped by demographic history and admixture, Latin American populations remain markedly underrepresented in global genomic research. To address this gap, we conducted genome- and exome-wide analyses of 19,431 T2D cases and 105,611 controls from the Mexico City Prospective Study (MCPS). We identified 86 independent GWAS associations, including 21 novel signals, 15 of which replicated in external cohorts. Risk alleles at novel loci were enriched in individuals with Indigenous American ancestry. Exome analyses revealed rare and ultra-rare missense variants with substantial risk effects at HNF1A and GCK, as well as a protein-damaging variant in SLC30A8 that reduced T2D risk by 45% in carriers. Integrative analyses indicate that T2D genetic architecture in Mexico is predominantly driven by common regulatory variation acting in the endocrine pancreas. Polygenic risk scores strongly stratified T2D risk and transferred to Indigenous Mexican populations. These findings demonstrate the power of large-scale genetic discovery in diverse populations to refine disease architecture and identify loci with potential therapeutic relevance.

Journal Article↗
PubMed1979

Evidence for selection by male mating success in natural populations of Drosophila pseudoobscura.

Gene arrangement frequencies were determined at two stages in the life history of Drosophila pseudoobscura taken from nature. Three populations in the central highlands of Mexico were each sampled twice during 1976. Gene arrangement frequencies were measured in adult males and in larvae that were the offspring of females collected at the same time. The adult males were in all likelihood a representative sample of those who fathered the larvae produced by the wild females. Differences in gene arrangement frequency between these two life stages should indicate the operation of natural selection. One-third of our comparisons of common gene arrangement frequencies in males and in larvae from the next generation were statistically significant, as were one-third of our comparisons of total frequency arrays in the two life stages. We consider the components of selection that could produce such frequency changes and reason that male mating success must be the major one. Gene arrangement frequencies in the Mexican populations fluctuate within wide bounds. Selection must act to retain the polymorphism in the face of this flux in gene arrangement frequencies, and we suggest that male mating success plays an important role.

Animals↗
PubMed1976

A study of dentition in pre-Columbian skulls.

Dentition in pre-Hispanic Mexican skulls has been examined in ancient Tenochtitlan--present-day Mexico City--and many different regions of the country, recently excavated. We have reached the conclusion that then, as now, there existed similar dental anomalies in number and position: the lack of certain teeth and the impaction of third molars and upper canines. So far, we have found decay only in back teeth Figs. 11 and 12 A and B). Most frequent was attrition, the severe wearing away of the chewing surface, which must certainly have been due to the primitive diet of seed, hard and dry, mixed with some abrasive material, produced by the grinding of stone against stone (metate) (Figs. 13 and 14) and the use of the teeth as tools. Finally, we should emphasize that we still find shovel-shaped teeth in the pre-Columbian dentition of Mongoloid influence, as well as in some of the present-day Mexican population.

Africa↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Incidence of coronary disease and other metabolic diseases in 80 gout patients].

A study about gout associated with hypertension, diabetes, ischemic cardiopathy and different alterations in the sanguineous levels of lipids was conducted on 80 patients of the Rheumatology Service at the National Institute of Cardiology in Mexico City. We found abnormal levels of tryglicerids in the blood of 55% of the patients and a high level of cholesterol in only 5%. In 27% of the patients, some alteration showed in the carbo-hydrates methabolism, and in 22,5% of them we found systemic arterial hipertension. Slight ischemic cardiopathy was showing in a 37% of the patients, but uric acid level in blood seemed to be of little importance for the frequency, type or severity of the coronary heart disease. We made a comparison between the results we obtained through these studies and those found among the Mexican population and with information found in international medical publications.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1979

Hypoglycemic effect of Opuntia cactus.

Nopal (Opuntia sp.) has been traditionally used by the Mexican population for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. The purpose of this work is to describe effects produced by directly liquified nopal and extracts from this plant in healthy and pancreatectomized rabbits. Preliminary results allow us to conclude that Opuntia streptacantha, Lemaire, has hypoglycemic properties when orally administered, in animals with experimentally induced diabetes as well as in healthy ones with physiologic hyperglycemia.

Administration, Oral↗
PubMed1978

[Hospitalized psychiatric population in the Mexican Institute of the Social Security, 1971-1976].

This paper emphasizes the importance of having an objective registration system for clinical cases in a psychiatric hospital. For this purpose, special sheets were designed to register all cases comparing the years 1971 and 1976. During these years, 1 202 and 1 835 cases were obtained. Data included: age, sex, marital status, schooling, occupation, diagnosis, psychiatric family history and therapy. The results for those years are shown.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1977

Nutrition surveillance in Arizona: selected anthropometric and laboratory observations among Mexican-American children.

A nutrition surveillance system in public health clinics is providing data for patient care and program planning. Through this system, Arizona's Mexican-American population has been shown to differ from other ethnic groups seen in clinic. Anemia and low height-for-age are significant problems in the Mexican-American population. Over-nutrition, in the form of overweight and high cholesterol, is also a problem among the Mexican-American clinic population.

Anemia↗
PubMed1978

The utilisation of a community mental health service by Mexican Americans.

The study of the staff, services, and patient population of the East Los Angeles Mental Health Service seven years after its initial operations revealed that: 1 the staff remained predominately bilingual and bicultural; 2 there was a greater demand for direct treatment services than anticipated; 3 the majority (79%) of the patient population was Mexican American, with an increase of foreign-born Mexican Americans; 10% were of other Latin descent; 4 there was an increase of Spanish speaking patients totalling 44% of the entire patient population; 5 the majority of the patients were unemployed or on Medi-Cal; and 6 self referrals increased to a total of 29%, and 10% were referred by former patients of ELAHMS. These conclusions strongly support the argument that Mexican Americans and other Latins would utilise mental health services if personnel and policies were responsive to bilingual and bicultural needs.

Adolescent↗