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Results for “FINGER JOINT”

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At least 163 records · Page 9Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

Wrist and finger joint MR imaging in rheumatoid arthritis.

PURPOSE: To elaborate the best MR imaging protocol for studies in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to evaluate the sensitivity and interobserver agreement with respect to detection of bone erosions (MR and radiography) and grading of synovial membrane hypertrophy (MR imaging only). MATERIAL AND METHODS: MR imaging and conventional radiography of wrist and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joints were performed in 41 RA patients and 3 healthy controls. The following pulse sequences were applied: T1-weighted spin-echo (T1-SE) with and without contrast enhancement, T2-SE, T2-turbo-SE, T1-2D-FLASH, T1-3D-FLASH, fat-saturated-T1-SE, STIR and 3D-DESS. RESULTS: Bone erosions were found by MR compared to radiography in 261 versus 85 bones of the wrist (ratio 3.1) and 59 versus 21 MCP joint quadrants (ratio 2.81). MR and radiography interobserver agreements were both approximately 90%. Likewise, MR scored synovial membrane hypertrophy in wrist and MCP joints with a high interobserver agreement. The most informative MR sequence appeared to be contrast-enhanced T1-SE MR, preferably with fat saturation. A STIR sequence or T2-weighted fat saturation sequence was useful in screening for joint disease. CONCLUSION: The sensitivity of MR is superior to conventional radiography with respect to detection of bone erosions in wrist and MCP joints. The interobserver agreement for MR and radiography was similar. Thus, MR of wrist and finger joints may become a useful supplement to conventional radiography in the evaluation of RA patients in clinical trials and clinical practice.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Limitation of finger joint mobility in diabetes mellitus.

Diabetes mellitus, both insulin dependent and non-insulin dependent, is associated with limitation of joint mobility of the fingers, which can be due to connective tissue changes, neuropathy, vasculopathy, or combinations of these problems. Distinct clinical problems include Dupuytren disease, flexor tenosynovitis, carpal tunnel syndrome (diabetic hand), stiff hand syndrome, shoulder-hand syndrome (reflex dystrophy) and limited joint mobility (LJM). Stiff hand and LJM syndromes are only seen with diabetes; the others have distinct clinical characteristics in those with diabetes compared to the nondiabetic presentation. LJM is of particular interest because it is common in young patients and associated with an increased risk for the serious complications of nephropathy and retinopathy.

Diabetes Mellitus↗
PubMed1983

Swanson design finger joint implant utilized in the proximal interphalangeal joints of the foot: a preliminary study.

The purpose of this paper is to present preliminary findings regarding the use of the Silastic finger joint implant H.P. (Swanson design) in resection arthroplastic procedures of the proximal interphalangeal joint of the second and/or third toes. This paper reports on 42 cases which have beer, performed and in which significantly satisfactory results have been achieved.

Edema↗
PubMed1993

Finger joint force minimization in pianists using optimization techniques.

A numerical optimization procedure was used to determine finger positions that minimize and maximize finger tendon and joint force objective functions during piano play. A biomechanical finger model for sagittal plane motion, based on finger anatomy, was used to investigate finger tendon tensions and joint reaction forces for finger positions used in playing the piano. For commonly used piano key strike positions, flexor and intrinsic muscle tendon tensions ranged from 0.7 to 3.2 times the fingertip key strike force, while resultant inter-joint compressive forces ranged from 2 to 7 times the magnitude of the fingertip force. In general, use of a curved finger position, with a large metacarpophalangeal joint flexion angle and a small proximal interphalangeal joint flexion angle, reduces flexor tendon tension and resultant finger joint force.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1998

A transducer for the measurement of finger joint moments.

A device capable of simultaneously measuring the isometric moments generated about the metacarpophalangeal (MP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints of all four fingers has been developed. The design utilizes a four-bar linkage to transmit moments, but not forces, to the device. This linkage allows the same device to fit a wide range of hand sizes without recalibration. The device was constructed out of aluminum bars which are strapped to each joint segment and to the back of the hand. Strain gauges mounted to the aluminum bars measure the bending moment on the device, which is directly related to the moment applied about the joint center of rotation. Because of the unique design of the device, it is not necessary to have accurate measurements of the joint center of rotation in order to get accurate moment information. A single device is capable of generating independent measurement of MP extension/flexion, PIP extension/flexion, and DIP extension/flexion. Four of these devices can be used to make simultaneous measurements of all the moments generated by all four fingers. The device also acts as a splint, allowing each joint to be positioned and locked at any angle through the range of motion of the joint. The device is accurate to within +/- 5.6% of each reading for moments from 10 N x cm to 100 N x cm and within +/- 2.0 N x cm for moments of 10 N x cm or less. If the device configuration is constrained, the accuracy can be improved to +/- 0.8% of full scale (100 N x cm) and +/- 0.21 N x cm for moments of 10 N x cm or less. The device can measure both flexion and extension moments up to 100 N x cm, and can allow the joints to be fixed at any angle from approximately 10 to 80 degrees.

Biophysical Phenomena↗
PubMed2003

Dorsal finger joint soft tissue loss: two case reports.

This article brings our experience, standpoints and management guidelines for early reconstruction of traumatic soft tissue loss on the dorsal aspect of the finger joints, with the aim of preserving acceptable late functional ability of the hand. Two interesting and unusual cases of reconstruction are presented.

Adult↗
PubMed2002

Extrinsic flexor muscles generate concurrent flexion of all three finger joints.

The role of the forearm (extrinsic) finger flexor muscles in initiating rotation of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint and in coordinating flexion at the MCP, the proximal interphalangeal (PIP), and distal interphalangeal (DIP) joints remains a matter of some debate. To address the biomechanical feasibility of the extrinsic flexors performing these actions, a computer simulation of the index finger was created. The model consisted of a planar open-link chain comprised of three revolute joints and four links, driven by the change in length of the flexor muscles. Passive joint characteristics, included in the model, were obtained from system identification experiments involving the application of angular perturbations to the joint of interest. Simulation results reveal that in the absence of passive joint torque, shortening of the extrinsic flexors results in PIP flexion (80 degrees ), but DIP (8 degrees ) and MCP (7 degrees ) joint extension. The inclusion of normal physiological levels of passive joint torque, however, results in simultaneous flexion of all three joints (63 degrees for DIP, 75 degrees for PIP, and 43 degrees for MCP). Applicability of the simulation results was confirmed by recording finger motion produced by electrical stimulation of the extrinsic flexor muscles for the index finger. These findings support the view that the extrinsic flexor muscles can initiate MCP flexion, and produce simultaneous motion at the MCP, PIP, and DIP joints.

Adult↗