Search PubMed⌕ Search

SEARCH · Search PubMed

Results for “Communication Programs”

Search indexed PubMed citations on genomics, clinical trials, systematic reviews and public health. Explore titles, authors and supplied subject terms, then open the PubMed record.

Quote a phrase for an exact phrase match. Source license links do not imply unrestricted reuse.

At least 1,297 records · Page 72Linked to original sources
PubMed1990

Neonatal extracorporeal membrane oxygenation in Texas.

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been a successful treatment (80% survival) in over 3,000 neonates with severe respiratory failure (80% predicted mortality without ECMO). ECMO is prolonged extracorporeal cardiopulmonary bypass achieved by extrathoracic vascular cannulation using a modified heart-lung machine. ECMO as treatment for severe respiratory failure in neonates is currently available in Texas in San Antonio, Galveston, Lubbock, and Dallas. Of 116 Texas neonates treated with ECMO, 74% survived. Because of the distances between ECMO programs in Texas, early communication with the nearest center is highly recommended.

Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation↗
PubMed1989

Implementing the American Cancer Society breast cancer awareness program in the workplace.

1. The goal of the American Cancer Society and of the National Cancer Institute is to increase the survival of women with breast cancer through early detection. 2. The key ingredients in promoting any program are enthusiasm and a rationale that identifies need, cost-containment, and program responsibility. 3. Utilizing nursing skills that allay fears but encourage thorough evaluation, engenders confidence in the department and the program. 4. Employees have more confidence in a program when results are communicated, and administrative support is more likely when justification is documented.

American Cancer Society↗
PubMed1986

A paying health promotion clinic: combining client services and student learning.

Major societal changes over the past two decades have created the need for competent health care professionals able to provide high quality health care in a rapidly changing, highly technical society. To meet this goal, the University of Northern Colorado College of Health and Human Services prepares graduates in a unique multidisciplinary health promotion clinic. Department chairs along with clinic and faculty coordinators manage student-learning and client-service activities in this 9,000-square-foot, on-campus clinic. Income is generated through third-party payments and client fees from programs in nursing, nutrition, communication disorders, human rehabilitative services, and community health. Problems encountered in developing this clinic included staffing, physician consultation, fee assessment, faculty hesitancy, and health care competition. Positive outcomes were a more autonomous professional identity for students, clinic practice and research opportunities for faculty, and health promotion care for selected client groups.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1986

Microcomputers and biologists.

Microcomputers have now become a working tool of the biologist. This article explores some of the consequences of this revolution both in terms of the skills and working habits needed and of the range of uses which have been found. The primary consequence is that biologists must learn how to become computer managers. This does not mean learning BASIC and computer architecture, though this will usually prove valuable, but that we must be able to grasp from the flood of sales literature and computer specialists what tasks can or should be undertaken with the aid of microcomputers. Secondly it means being able to choose and maintain the right machinery for the tasks needed. An overview of applications shows four main areas of use. 1) The standard packages where one can expect the computer manufacturer to provide a complete working system. These are word-processing, database reference systems, spreadsheet calculations, graphics production and communications. 2) Specialist scientific programs such as statistics, data processing and model making. 3) The use of the microcomputer as a laboratory instrument for control or measurement. 4) Educational applications. Each of these areas has separate, often conflicting, requirements which can only be balanced by the user.

Audiovisual Aids↗
PubMed1997

Development of an HIV clinical and research database for South Africa.

Health service restructuring in South Africa provides an opportunity to introduce appropriate Health Information System (HIS) technology. This is particularly relevant given the emerging HIV epidemic and the need to capture, translate and disseminate new experiences in HIV/AIDS care, support and clinical research. In 1994, a number of clinicians and health-care providers working in South Africa had begun to establish basic computerized databases to assist in research on HIV, but no standardized nomenclature or framework for collaboration was created. This paper describes a clinical and research database that could be used as an example for a standardized system by clinicians working in South Africa. The authors, with assistance from the National AIDS Research Programme of the Medical Research Council, created a prototype relational database using Microsoft Access. To test the prototype, 1057 HIV-positive patients from the infectious Disease Clinic at Johannesburg General Hospital were entered.

Databases, Factual↗
PubMed1997

Men's unmet need for family planning: implications for African fertility transitions.

This article introduces the concept of men's unmet need for family planning and explains its programmatic relevance. Using data from Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) of Ghana (1988, 1993) and Kenya (1989, 1993), married men are found to have high levels of unmet need for family planning that are comparable to, although slightly lower than, those for women. The importance of men's unmet need is demonstrated when the analysis is restricted to marital pairs in the DHS samples; trends in the joint unmet need of husbands and wives are shown to be closely associated with the nature of the fertility transitions occurring in Ghana and Kenya. Because of wide discrepancies found between husbands' and wives' unmet need statuses, family planning programs that foster spousal communication are likely to facilitate the transition to lower fertility.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Auditory perceptual abilities in a child with a nucleus and a Clarion cochlear implant.

This case study will review the performance of a 7-year-old female who was implanted at the age of 3 years 9 months with a Nucleus 22 channel device. This child was deafened from pneumococcal meningis at the age of 8 months and was placed in an early intervention program which uses simultaneous communication (i.e. speech with sign language). The teaching staff of this particular educational setting has collaborated closely with the Cochlear Implant Center at Manhattan Eye, Ear and Throat Hospital and the team's teacher of the deaf. The child utilized the implant on a daily basis for a period of 2 years 10 months. Performance on a variety of auditory perceptual tests were obtained at 1 year and two year intervals. After almost 3 years of implant use, the child suffered an internal receiver failure. The Nucleus device was explanted and the child was implanted with a Clarion Cochlear Implant System. Performance on a similar set of auditory perceptual tests obtained after 3 and 6 months use indicated better performance with the Clarion device. In addition to the scores on the individual tests, a comparison questionnaire was used to obtain impressions from the parents and the school personnel. Results should be reviewed with caution since this study investigates the responses of a single child who uses each of these two different implants and cannot be generalized.

Cochlear Implantation↗
PubMed1997

Cross-national study of women's use of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) in Europe.

The benefits of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) to perimenopausal and postmenopausal women are well established. Women from France, Germany, Spain, and the United Kingdom were interviewed to determine: (1) knowledge and views of menopause and HRT; (2) history of HRT among current and lapsed users; and (3) reasons of non-users for never having taken HRT. In 1996, nearly 1,500 women aged 40 to 65 answered a short series of questions concerning menopause and HRT as part of a consumer omnibus survey; others (n = 929) participated in a focused survey of attitudes toward and use of HRT. Only one-third of perimenopausal and 13% of postmenopausal women currently were taking HRT. About 25% of postmenopausal women reported having taken HRT at some time. The proportion of perimenopausal women using HRT varied by country, and ranged from 18% in Spain to 55% in France. Importantly, about half (range across countries, 38% to 61%) of the women interviewed had not discussed menopause or its symptoms with their doctors. While levels of HRT knowledge varied by country, two-thirds of respondents overall believed they needed more information about HRT. Decisions about beginning HRT and choosing a formulation were viewed by most women as matters of personal choice, to be made with advice from a physician. In summary, despite the benefits of HRT and available choices among drug delivery options, a fairly small proportion of European women use it, largely because most remain poorly informed about the therapy. Increased physician-patient communication and public education programs are needed to provide women with the information they need to make judicious decisions concerning HRT.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Disinfection of water distribution systems for Legionella.

Hospital-acquired legionnaires' disease arises from the presence of Legionella in hospital water systems. Legionella not only persists in hot water tanks but is also found in the biofilm throughout the entire water distribution system. Conditions within water systems that promote Legionella colonization include water temperature, configuration and age of the hot water tank, physicochemical constituents of the water, plumbing materials, and commensal microflora. Hospital-acquired legionnaires' disease has been prevented by instituting control measures directed at the water distribution system. These include superheat-and-flush, copper/silver ionization, ultraviolet light, instantaneous heating systems, and hyperchlorination. Each of the above disinfection methods has been proven to be effective in the short-term, but long-term efficacy has been difficult due to limitations associated with each method. The complexities of Legionella disinfection, including advantages and disadvantages of each method, are reviewed. A successful Legionella prevention program requires cooperation and communication among hospital administrative personnel, engineers, and infection control staff. Routine environmental surveillance cultures for Legionella are the critical component for successful long-term disinfection. Culture results document the efficacy of the disinfection method and alert the hospital staff to consider Legionella in hospitalized patients with pneumonia.

Cross Infection↗
PubMed1997

Modular data acquisition system updated using LabWindows/CVI Graphical User Interface.

The Biomechanics Laboratory of the Neuroscience Department of the Medical College of Wisconsin is currently engaged in research involving trauma biomechanics. For some experiments, 24 channels of analog data must be sampled at 10,000 Hertz. The Modular Data Acquisition System (MDAS) is able to acquire up to 60 channels of analog data at sampling intervals as low as 6 microseconds. This excellent hardware system has only menu-driven utility software that is no longer supported and required updating to a Graphical User Interface (GUI). Using National Instruments LabWindows/CVI software a GUI was developed. The GUI consists of 9 Graphical User Interface panels controlled by a 3000 line C program "MDAS3SAM". "MDAS3SAM" controls a driver program "MDAS_SAM" which communicates with the MDAS unit via a National Instruments GPIB interface. The 9 GUI panels allow the user to configure the MDAS system (selecting channels, sampling interval, triggering levels etc.), start sampling the data, writing the data to hard disk, graphing the data and printing the graphs. The new system allows the user to quickly reconfigure the MDAS unit and obtain accurate results.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1998

Dialysis outcome quality initiative (DOQI) guideline for hemodialysis adequacy.

The article about Dialysis Outcome Quality Initiative (DOQI), recently published by the National Kidney Foundation in The American Journal of Kidney Disease provides clear guidelines for adequacy of hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis, vascular access and treatment of anemia in End-Stage Renal Disease (ESRD). If the dissemination of these guidelines actually increases Kt/V, an early improvement of the outcome of dialysis patients will be expected because there is a close correlation between dialysis dose and mortality. Mortality, unless high, is the main indicator of the efficacy of guidelines in ESRD. Other indicators are needed to assess the effects of the modification in clinical practice induced by DOQI at lower mortality, as in other western European countries. Quality of life adjusted for life expectancy defined Kt/V of 1.3 as the optimal cost-effective dialysis dose; large evidence is missing to support the use of higher doses or of high technology in hemodialysis treatment. Adequacy and uniformity of isolated hemodialysis procedures are accurately defined by DOQI. Quality assessment of integrated actions in overall commitment of ESRD patients (prevention and treatment of co-morbidity of uremia, renal transplantation programs, improvement of the communication with caregivers and family, enhanced fitness and ability to work) has still to be implemented with recommendations and indicators of the outcome. NKF-DOQI defined only dialysis adequacy; further work is necessary to assess the "optimal clinical practice" for ESRD patients.

Adult↗
PubMed1998

Hodgkin's disease: quality of life in future trials.

It is of great importance to collect data of objective as well as subjective morbidity in patients cured for Hodgkin's disease. Such information may be used when new treatment strategies are discussed, in patients information and communication, to establish rehabilitation programs and to identify individuals who may benefit from rehabilitation. Measurement of health related quality of life (HRQOL) may give important information on how the cancer and/or the treatment has influenced the patients. There is no gold standard instrument for measurement of HRQOL in cancer. However, it is a consensus to use multidimensional patients rated measures with a standard format and scoring procedure. SF-36, EORTC QLQ-C30 and FACT are widely used in Europe and North America. Domain specific instruments includes a more comprehensive evaluation of a specific domain, for example anxiety or fatigue. Fatigue seems to be a prevalent symptom in Hodgkin's disease survivors and might affect patients' ability to perform normal activities and will often reduce their quality of life. Fatigue is defined as a subjective feeling of tiredness and might be measured by standardised and validated instruments such as the Fatigue Questionnaire (FQ) and the Multi-Dimensional Fatigue Inventory (MFI-20). Clinical significance might be defined as a meaningful difference based on consensus by the patient, the doctor and the society. In oncology there is no agreement of how long a meaningful difference in survival should be. For HRQOL a difference between 7 to 10 on a scale ranking from 0 to 100 has been regarded as clinical significant by some researchers. Another strategy to approach the issue of clinical significance is to use norms-estimates from the normal population- and/or reference estimates as guidelines. The long-term complication of the successful treatment of Hodgkin's disease reinforced the need for continued surveillance of treatment and related morbidities. Fatigue is a prevalent symptom and detailed diagnostic work-up is essential to identify patients with this problem. More knowledge about possible biological causes is required in order to understand fatigue and the impact on quality of life among Hodgkin's disease survivors.

Clinical Trials as Topic↗
PubMed1997

Scheduled hand washing in an elementary school population.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hand washing prevents communicable illness. We evaluated the effect of a mandatory, scheduled hand-washing program in elementary school children on absenteeism due to acute communicable illness. METHODS: The study was conducted at Trombley Elementary School in Grosse Pointe Park, Mich. The intervention group, approximately half of the school children (n = 143, including all grades 1-5), washed their hands a minimum of four scheduled times a day. The control group (n = 162) continued hand-washing practices as usual. RESULTS: Of the 37 school days examined, children in the hand-washing group were absent fewer days than the control group due to all acute communicable illness (relative risk = .75). There were less days of absence due to gastrointestinal symptoms (relative risk = .43). The difference in absence due to respiratory symptoms was not statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS: A scheduled hand-washing program will reduce acute communicable (gastrointestinal) illnesses in elementary school-age children.

Absenteeism↗
PubMed2001

Communications planning.

Whether you are communicating a totally new benefit program or announcing a change in an existing one, effective planning will make the difference between success and failure of your communications campaign. Effective benefits communication is more than just distributing a summary plan description or conducting an employee meeting. It's more than spending a lot of money on elaborate brochures or expensive videotapes, or posting information on the intranet. More and more, benefits communicators are expected to communicate in a way that influences employees to make changes in their personal lives, a tall order that requires careful planning and coordination.

Budgets↗