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Results for “INTESTINAL DISEASES”

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At least 1,207 records · Page 67Linked to original sources
PubMed1998

Multisystemic, eosinophilic, epitheliotropic disease with intestinal lymphosarcoma in a horse.

Multisystemic, eosinophilic, epitheliotropic disease and intestinal lymphosarcoma were diagnosed in a Paso Fino mare that presented with anorexia and weight loss. The stomach, ileum, cecum, colon, pancreas, and lungs were infiltrated by large numbers of eosinophils forming prominent eosinophilic granulomas, as well as lymphocytes and plasma cells. Two jejunal masses composed of solid sheets of neoplastic lymphocytes were present. In contrast to the regions of inflammation, the infiltrates in these masses did not contain plasma cells, eosinophils, and eosinophilic granulomas. Immunohistochemically, the neoplastic lymphocytes expressed CD3 but not CD20 or kappa and lambda light chains, supporting a diagnosis of T-cell lymphosarcoma. Concurrent diagnoses of hypereosinophilic syndrome and lymphosarcoma in this horse and several humans suggest that the multisystemic eosinophilic and lymphoplasmacytic infiltrates were caused by the clonal proliferation of T-lymphocytes that secreted interleukin-5 triggering differentiation and activation of eosinophils.

Anabolic Agents↗
PubMed2006

Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody in intestinal Behçet's disease patients: relation to clinical course.

PURPOSE: This study was designed to assess anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody positive rate in Behçet's disease and intestinal Behçet's disease and to evaluate whether anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody expression is associated with clinical findings at diagnosis and clinical course of intestinal Behçet's disease. METHODS: One hundred six patients with intestinal Behçet's disease, 30 patients with Behçet's disease, and 45 healthy control subjects were included. Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody was detected by indirect immunofluorescence assay. According to anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody expression, the various parameters at diagnosis, cumulative relapse rates, and cumulative probabilities of operation were analyzed. RESULTS: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody positive rate was 44.3 percent in intestinal Behçet's disease, 3.3 percent in Behçet's disease, and 8.8 percent in healthy control subjects. In patients with intestinal Behçet's disease, age, gender, distribution of Behçet's disease subtype, symptoms, laboratory tests, and colonoscopic findings at diagnosis were not different according to anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody expression. Cumulative probability of a first operation was significantly higher in anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (+) intestinal Behçet's disease than in anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (-) intestinal Behçet's disease: 44.8 and 17.2 percent at one year, and 53 and 24.3 percent at two years after diagnosis, respectively (P=0.006). The number of patients who underwent two or more operations was higher in anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (+) intestinal Behçet's disease than in anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (-) intestinal Behçet's disease (21.3 vs. 8.5 percent). The cumulative relapse rates were not different between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody positive rate was 44.3 percent in intestinal Behçet's disease. Clinical findings at diagnosis and cumulative relapse rates of intestinal Behçet's disease were not found to be associated with anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody expression. However, patients with anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibody (+) intestinal Behçet's disease were more likely to receive surgical treatment.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1970

Ultrastructural study of two cases of alpha-chain disease.

Intestinal biopsies of two patients with alpha heavy-chain disease were examined by electron microscopy. Except for a few differences, cells involved by the malignant neoplasia of the small intestine were similar and belonged to the plasma cell line and were, in fact, more like the cells observed in typical multiple myeloma. It is not surprising to find such cells in a disease which is characterized by the presence of alpha heavy chain in the serum since plasma cells are considered to be the main source of immunoglubulins. Moreover, the association of an intestinal plasmacytic neoplasia with the heavy chain of the immunoglobulin A in the serum agree with what is known of the normal synthesis by most of the plasma cells of the digestive tract of this immunoglobulin. Since lymphocytes can synthesize immunoglobulins and plasma cells probably originate from lymphocytes, too great an importance should not be attributed to morphological classification. Only an obvious, functional characteristic seems really useful for differentiation.

Adult↗
PubMed1971

Steatorrhea in patients with liver disease.

Intestinal function was studied in 26 patients with seven types of acute and chronic liver disease, documented by liver biopsy. Steatorrhea, defined by a stool fat higher than 6 g. per day, was present in 18 of 23 consecutive patients studied, an incidence of 78.3%. Two patients with infectious hepatitis associated with steatorrhea studied previously were added and the 20 cases were analyzed. The malabsorption found was confined to fat and fat-soluble vitamins; stool excretion varied from 6.1 to 22 g. per day in the seven groups studied. No histological abnormality was seen on jejunal biopsy, serum vitamin B(12), D-xylose and Schilling tests were normal, and no radiological findings associated with malabsorption were detected in the small bowel. It is concluded that steatorrhea is a common finding in a wide variety of acute and chronic liver diseases and cannot be attributed to a primary defect of the small bowel.

Acute Disease↗
PubMed1991

Gut lavage fluid proteins as markers of activity of inflammatory bowel disease.

Intestinal secretions may be obtained by gut lavage using a polyethyleneglycol-based electrolyte lavage solution; concentrations of immunoglobulins and other proteins are readily measured in processed gut lavage fluid. As patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have greatly increased numbers of IgG-producing intestinal immunocytes, we measured gut lavage fluid IgG levels in 44 patients with IBD with various degrees of disease activity to determine whether total IgG in gut lavage fluid reflects disease activity. We also measured levels of albumin in gut lavage fluid, to determine the degree of plasma leakage. Both IgG and albumin levels in the patients with active IBD were significantly higher than those in controls and patients with inactive IBD (all p less than 0.00001). IgG is a more specific index of disease activity than albumin, with no overlap between levels in controls and patients with active IBD. There was a positive correlation (r = 0.68, p less than 0.0001) between IgG and albumin levels, suggesting that gut lavage fluid IgG is mainly plasma-derived.

Adolescent↗
PubMed2005

Association of celiac disease and intestinal lymphomas and other cancers.

Celiac disease (CD) is associated with intestinal lymphoma and other forms of cancer, especially adenocarcinoma of the small intestine, of the pharynx, and of the esophagus. Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma (EATL) is a rare form of high-grade, T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) of the upper small intestine that is specifically associated with CD. This NHL subtype arises in patients with either previously or concomitantly diagnosed CD. In a subgroup of patients, there is progressive deterioration of a refractory form of CD. EATL derives from a clonal proliferation of intraepithelial lymphocytes and is often disseminated at diagnosis. Extraintestinal presentations are not uncommon in the liver/spleen, thyroid, skin, nasal sinus, and brain. The outlook of EATL is poor. Recent studies indicated that (1) CD is associated with a significantly increased risk for NHL, especially of the T-cell type and primarily localized in the gut (EATL); (2) the CD-lymphoma association is less common than previously thought, with a relative risk close to 3; (3) CD screening is not required in patients with NHL of any primary site at the onset, unless suggested by specific findings (T-cell origin and/or primary gut localization). The risk of NHL associated with clinically milder (or silent) forms could be lower than in typical cases of CD. Several follow-up studies suggest that the GFD protects from cancer development, especially if started during the first years of life. Strict adherence to the GFD seems to be the only possibility of preventing a subset of rare but very aggressive forms of cancer.

Adenocarcinoma↗
PubMed1995

[Postoperative recurrence in Crohn's disease].

Intestinal resection in the natural history of Crohn's disease is a forced step. Unfortunately surgery is not curative as disease inexorably recurs. The frequency of recurrence varies according to the definitions adopted, being high when endoscopical criteria are used (70-90% at one year). Among risk factors, the most convincing is a smoking habit. The pathogenesis of recurrence is still unknown. Particular attention was paid to colo-ileal reflux which occurs after the resection of the ileocecal valve. The diagnosis should always be based on morphological criteria (endoscopy or radiology). In fact symptoms occur late and are often uncharacteristic. A particular problem in the management of patients with Crohn's disease is the prevention of post-operative recurrence. Recent randomized, controlled trials of which the first has been published by the authors of this article, demonstrated that the administration of 5-ASA early after resection may prevent, delay or attenuate such recurrences. Cessation of smoking also plays a central role in prevention. The final message is that in active Crohn's disease surgery should not be excessively delayed. Early resection followed by prophylactic treatment seems to improve the quality of life in patients with more severe Crohn's disease.

Aminosalicylic Acids↗
PubMed2005

Double-balloon endoscopy.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Our strategy for small intestinal diseases has dramatically been brushed up with a novel technique, double-balloon endoscopy, which exhibits extremely better insertability and maneuverability compared with conventional methods. Double-balloon endoscopy has a potential to change radically the approach for the small intestinal diseases in the future. In this article, the publications on double-balloon endoscope will be reviewed. RECENT FINDINGS: A double-balloon endoscope can be inserted into deeper portions of the small intestine via both oral and anal approaches, and allows endoscopic observation as well as treatment for the entire small intestine without general anesthesia. Reports have been made on this method's safety and low frequency of complication: it is very useful for diagnosis and treatment of small intestinal diseases, including small intestinal bleeding, small intestinal tumor, stenosis of small intestine, and polyposis syndrome. SUMMARY: The development of double-balloon endoscopy enabled observation and treatment in the entire small intestine. The double-balloon endoscopy has a potential to be a standard of enteroscopy by replacing conventional push enteroscopy and intraoperative enteroscopy. In the near future, the double-balloon endoscopy, together with the capsule endoscopy, will be essential modalities for the management of small intestinal diseases.

Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Absorption of D-xylose in intestinal parasitic diseases].

In order to investigate the intestinal absorption in relation to parasitic diseases, 106 children were studied using the xylose test. All of them were attending a primary school. The height and weight were recorded, and the hemoblobin and hematocrit were estimated in each one. The examination of the stools shown one or more parasites in 57.6 per cent specimens. The E. histolytica, Hymenolepis nana and A. lumbricoides, were identified in 22.6, 21.7 and 20.7 per cent children, respectively; G lamblia was found in 10.4 per cent. Only the children with Giardia had a statistical difference in the absorption of xylose, with respect to those without parasites. At the same time height was low in comparison to a group of children with similar age and sex, selected among the 45 without parasitic diseases. Findings are discussed according to the pathogenic mechanism involved in giardiasis. Emphasis is done in the interplay of malnutrition and G. lamblia.

Child↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Immunoepidemiology of intestinal helminthic infections. 1. The global burden of intestinal nematode disease.

Estimates of the world-wide prevalence of intestinal nematode infections indicate that there are more than 1000 million people infected, and several million cases of clinical helminthiases. Recent studies suggest that the morbidity has been underestimated and that moderate intensities of infection may have important developmental consequences, particularly for children of school age.

Ascariasis↗
PubMed1999

[Prevalence of intestinal parasitic disease in three provinces in Morocco].

A study of intestinal parasites was carried out in Taounate, Béni Mellal and Tizinit provinces in Morocco on a sample of 1682 individuals who were representative of the urban and rural area population. For each stool specimen, three microscopic examinations and a Kato test were performed. In the three provinces, about two-thirds of the study participants from rural areas and around 50% of those from urban areas had parasites. The reproducibility of the prevalence figures allowed the study results be generalized to the other provinces of the country. Among the parasite groups encountered, amoebas were the most frequent, followed by flagellates and helminths. Concerning pathogenic species, Entamoeba histolytica, in the amoebic group, was the most commonly found. All the positive cases were treated by specific medication.

Adolescent↗