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PubMed1999

[The use of the Periotest method for the clinical assessment of the efficacy of dental implantation].

The paper describes a modern diagnostic method: Periotest for assessing the stability of intraosseous implants. The mobility of implants after remote and immediate implantation is assessed in 65 patients with dentition defects. The study yielded complete information on the status of tissue complex, detected the early signs of impaired bone integration after implantation, and helped more reliably predict the results.

Dental Implantation, Endosseous↗

PubMed2006

Vertical control by combining a monoblock appliance in adult class III overclosure treatment.

Monoblock appliances were used in combination with intermaxillary elastics for treatment of adult skeletal Class III patients. The patients showed predisposing upper incisors problems, significant mobility in patient 1 and root resorption in patient 2, which contraindicated direct intrusion of the incisors. Using the monoblock with selective extrusion of the molars, a clockwise rotation was induced to reduce overbite and to achieve a better profile. It was also possible to reduce the excessive force to the upper incisors during and after treatment, which improved incisor mobility to a physiologic extent (patient 1) and prevented further progression of root resorption (patient 2). Stability was high after the 2-year follow-up, which suggests a stable vertical control approach by using the monoblock appliance in combination with a fixed appliance in adults.

Adult↗

PubMed1977

[The effect of bite lowering after extractions on the mobility of front teeth].

The author, after pointing out the importance of supporting zones and height of bite to normal occlusion, discusses the possible consequences to front teeth of bite lowering subsequent to extractions. It is possible to show that there is a causal relationship between extractions of molars and loosening of front teeth. For early occlusal contacts, grinding-in treatment is recommended where the supporting structure is still intact and prosthetic treatment, after loss of the supporting structure.

Dental Occlusion, Balanced↗

PubMed1981

Occlusal dysfunction and stress. An experimental study in macaque monkeys.

A dysfunctional occlusal relationship was produced in six macaca irus monkeys by insertion of occlusal splints which raised the vertical dimension of occlusion by 3--4 mm and incorporated interferences into the occlusion. Cortisol levels of plasma and 24 h urine samples were measured by competitive protein-binding analysis. After insertion of the splints there was an immediate, approximately two-fold rise of the mean 24 h urinary cortisol excretion rate and a significant decrease of urinary volume and body weight. The plasma cortisol level did not rise significantly. During the 3 weeks experimental period the teeth showed increasing mobility and occlusal wear facets developed on the splints. Urinary cortisol excretion rates were significantly elevated throughout the experimental period. Urinary cortisol levels declined to basal values when the splints were removed. This animal model produces experimental evidence in support of the hypothesis that a dysfunctional occlusal relationship may result in bruxism associated with emotional stress.

Animals↗

PubMed1978

[Mobility measurements and histological studies on endosseous titanium implants under masticatory stress in the mandibles of adult macacas].

Linkow blades were implanted into 5 adult monkeys. Measurements of mobility showed that two weeks after implantation the implant mobility was below the mobility of the control teeth. Fixed bridgework was inserted and after 8-14 months the mobility of implant and control teeth were alike. Inspite of this favourable result, the mobility of the implants, after removal of the bridgework, was higher than that of the controls and of normal values. The histological picture explains this, since all implants showed a sheath of connective tissue which was 5-10 times the dimension of the normal desmodontal space. Inflammatory processes and epithelial growth into depth were observed inspite of the absence of clinical symptoms. There was bony growth through the windows of the implants, but only on two implants could bone sheathing be observed. The conclusion is that Linkow implants should not be used alone for the anchoring of bridgework but only as link supports between long bridge spans or as distal extension of shortened tooth arches. Also, it can be used for the retention of a Dolder bar in mucosa supported dentures.

Animals↗

PubMed1989

[Evaluation and prognosis of periodontally involved teeth].

One of the most difficult parts of the perio- prosthetic treatment is the evaluation and the prognosis. This paper presents the basic factors affecting a successful prognosis. Factors like bone support, mobility, distribution of the remaining teeth, root morphology, etc. as well as factors like the "patient", abilities of the therapist, etc. has been presented. From our clinical experience and from the review of the literature is presented the basic guideline of a successful prognosis. "Prognosis" is not one of the black arts--it is a system of therapeutic projection based upon successes and failures of the past.

Bone Resorption↗

PubMed1993

[Long term results of using splints for uniting loose teeth from composite materials].

61 splints made with the method AET strengthened with steel ligature used in uniting of loosened teeth in periodentopathies have been clinically evaluated. Splints from chemo-hardening materials were applied in 32 patients the observation period was from 5 to 10 years. Applying chemo-hardening materials 29 people had their teeth sutured and they were observed from 1 to 5 years. Mobility of splinted teeth, damage of the splint material, change of its colour and pain ailments connected with eventual splint damages and diseases of the pulp of the splinted teeth underwent evaluation. The long period of splints maintenance was the merit of the technology of making them and of the applied materials. In the observation period a little less mobility of teeth splinted in the case of application of light-hardening composites was observed. A greater number of mechanical damages and change of colour was noticed in splints from chemo-hardening materials. It was noticed that the applied materials are very helpful and safe in making splints uniting teeth with the damaged alveolodental ligament.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Damped oscillation analysis of natural and artificial periodontal membranes.

The mechanical mobility of human teeth was studied by using a wave data treatment system with an accelerometer attached to a personal computer. The healthy teeth in different generations of men and women, who ranged in age from their teens to their forties, showed similar damped oscillation patterns. The spring constant and coefficient of viscous damping were estimated by using a viscoelastic model of damped oscillation with 1 degree of freedom. The coefficient of viscous damping increased dramatically with increases in the damping factor, whereas the spring constant scarcely varied. Silicone membranes were used as model periodontal membranes. The coefficient of viscous damping decreased with increases in silicone membrane thickness. Collagen membranes, which are expected to function as artificial periodontal membranes, were adhered to the model tooth by drying collagen gel and fixed with apatite-collagen composites. The collagen membranes showed damped oscillation wave patterns similar to those of human periodontal membranes.

Adult↗

PubMed1985

A correlative study of the clinical and radiographic signs of periodontal disease in dogs.

Twenty-four dogs admitted for routine teeth cleaning were selected arbitrarily to undergo a periodontal examination and a dental radiographic examination before the dental procedure. Data pertaining to the physical and radiographic manifestations of periodontal disease of 783 teeth were collected. All dogs had lesions consistent with periodontal disease, ranging from mild gingivitis and minimal plaque accumulation to severely inflamed gingiva, exuberant calculus formation, and root exposure. Of the 783 teeth examined, 153 (20%) had a pocket depth greater than or equal to 4 mm and less than or equal to 9 mm. Data regarding these teeth were subjected to statistical analysis. The clinical signs of plaque, calculus, mobility, pocket depth, and furcation were positively associated with radiographic signs of periodonta disease. The association between grossly evident gingivitis and radiographic signs of periodontal disease was not significant. Conditional probability analysis was applied to determine confidence intervals for the probability of a radiographic sign of periodontal disease occurring given that a clinical sign of periodontal disease occurs.

Animals↗

PubMed2000

Guidelines for splinting implants.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Teeth and implants have different mobility patterns. Thus, it has been believed that implant-supported restorations should not be connected to natural teeth. However, this is not always the case. PURPOSE: This article presents guidelines for connection of restorative components when implant abutments and natural teeth are involved. METHODS: Methods of connection are discussed. CONCLUSION: This article presents options for splinting of prosthetic components.

Clinical Protocols↗

PubMed1989

Stabilization technique for mobile teeth.

A new technique for immobilization of teeth uses inexpensive, readily available, medically acceptable, and biocompatible nylon thread. Three monofilament nylon threads of sizes between Nos. 25 and 40 are interwoven to a braid to form, along with the threaded pins, the stabilization media. A channel along the stabilized teeth is prepared; the braid is placed in it and fastened onto the teeth with the help of pins, which are threaded on them through the braid. The advantages of this method are also presented and discussed.

Acid Etching, Dental↗

PubMed1984

Effects of rehabilitation with conventional removable partial dentures on oral health--a cross-sectional study.

The study aims to elucidate the effects on the oral tissues of occlusal rehabilitation through removable partial denture. Sixty eight individuals treated with conventional partial dentures participated in a clinical study of the hygienic conditions around supporting teeth and the partial dentures, the occurrence of increased mobility of supporting teeth and deepened gingival pockets, the incidence of caries, impaired retention and the frequency of use of the prosthesis. A questionnaire was sent out and 84 per cent of the subjects responded anonymously. The results show that the removable partial denture represents a satisfactory method of oral rehabilitation for the individual with a reduced dentition.

Adult↗

PubMed2006

Expression of HMGB1 during tooth development.

High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is a nuclear and cytosolic protein that can act as a transcription factor, a growth factor, or a cytokine. To elucidate a possible role for HMGB1 in tooth development, we have studied the expression of HMGB1 and its receptor RAGE (receptor for advanced glycation end-products) during the late fetal and early postnatal period of rat by using light- and electron-microscopic immunohistochemistry. Low HMGB1 protein expression was observed during fetal and newborn stages of tooth development. However, from postnatal day 5 (P5) onward, a marked increase occurred in the levels of the protein in most dental cell types. Expression was particularly high in ameloblasts and odontoblasts at regions of ongoing mineralization. Although most HMGB1 immunoreactivity was confined to cell nuclei, it was also present in odontoblast cytoplasm. At P5, ameloblasts and odontoblasts also showed RAGE immunoreactivity, and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction demonstrated both HMGB1 and RAGE mRNA in human dental pulp cells in vitro. Immunoblots performed on extracts from bovine dentin demonstrated a principal band at approximately 27 kDa, indicating that HMGB1 participates in tooth mineralization. The expression of both ligand and receptor suggests an autocrine/paracrine HMGB1 signalling axis in odontoblasts.

Adult↗

PubMed1986

Dental management of chronic haemodialysis patients.

In 44 patients (22 females, 22 males, aged 18-61 years, mean 36 years) regular dental screening and treatment were started in January 1982. Two years follow-up revealed that the oral hygiene of these haemodialysis patients was worse than that of the average population. In 42 cases calculus formation and gingivitis, in each case atrophy of the alveolar bone and pocket formation were found. We consider these symptoms as cardinal in uraemic haemodialysis patients. As a consequence, the teeth had a pathologic mobility which was proportional to the bone resorption. Although not very typical, 10 cases were found with clicking of the temporomandibular joint associated with painfulness of the joint and the surroundings. Owing to the increased tendency to caries and the parodontal disease, the majority of patients lost most of their teeth untimely. Therefore special measures should be taken to achieve restoration. We emphasize the need for special dental care of haemodialysis patients.

Acrylates↗

PubMedDate not supplied

Primary hyperoxaluria in a pediatric dental patient: case report.

A case is presented in which primary hyperoxaluria and oxalosis in a 14-year-old Caucasian female were diagnosed. Generalized root resorption resulted in a remarkable mobility of her maxillary central and lateral incisors, although no bone loss was noted. The management of the patient's dental concerns in this rare heritable metabolic disorder consisted of removing the maxillary incisor teeth and placing two sequential prostheses, which the patient tolerated well. A history of trauma to the maxillary incisors was ruled out, so this case adds previously unreported information to our knowledge about the effect of oxaluria on teeth and oral tissues.

Adolescent↗

PubMed2001

Comparative evaluation of surgical and conservative treatment modalities of juvenile periodontitis patients.

In a comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of two treatment modalities for juvenile periodontitis, 12 patients aged between 15 years and 23 years were recruited into a six months longitudinal study. The split mouth design was used such that one side (upper and lower quadrants) received conservative treatment. Each side was randomly assigned one of the two treatment modalities. Standardized probing attachment level (PAL) measurement and degree of mobility of the teeth were taken at recruitment (baseline), one, three and six months postoperation. Tetracycline capsules 250mg, 6 hourly, was administered for 2 weeks at baseline and at 3 months follow-up. Initial thorough scaling and polishing of the whole mouth was done for all the patients. At follow-up, there were marked improvements seen with both treatment modalities. The mean probing depth for surgical treatment (3.57mm +/- 0.78) was significantly lower than that of conservative treatment (4.11mm +/- 0.74) P < 0.05 at 3 months. Also, this significant difference continued up to 6 months (2.70mm +/- 0.57, 3.55mm +/- 0.65; P < 0.05 ). For the degree of mobility, significant difference was only evident at 6 months of follow-up (0.48 +/- 0.29, 0.98 +/- 0.523; P < 0.05 ) for surgical treatment and conservative treatment respectively. It was therefore concluded that surgical debridement with systemic administration of tetracycline is more effective than the conservative technique in the treatment of juvenile periodontitis, although both gave improvement.

Adolescent↗

PubMed1987

Splinting.

The definitions of splinting, occlusal trauma, and mobility have been described. The history of splinting as a treatment for periodontal disease has been noted along with the current concepts of the indications and rationale for splinting. Splints have been classified according to their expected length of service: short-term splints, provisional splints, and long-term splints. The disadvantages of splinting have been enumerated, and examples of the various types of splints currently employed have been demonstrated.

Dental Occlusion, Traumatic↗

PubMed1980

Periodontal examination.

With the exception of gingival indices, it is evident that there have not been great changes in the methods used in clinical practice. Rather, the changes made are in the categories of integration of methods and interpretation of data. We know that the extent of periodontal disease cannot be ascertained from any single diagnostic aid alone. The date obtained from the many diagnostic methods described must be evaluated together before an accurate diagnosis can be achieved. A periodontal examination should include a periodontal probing, a radiographic analysis, a gingival index, mobility charting, and an evaluation of the amount of attached gingiva. These clinical exercises require simple instrumentation and a minimal amount of clinical calibration on the part of the examiner. These exercises, however, do not eliminate the need for a general examination that includes the location of caries, plaque index, and medical and dental history. Probing is still considered the single most important examination method in detecting periodontal disease and evaluating therapy. However, probing becomes a great deal more meaningful when combined with data from a gingival index and radiographic analysis. Because the significance of the pocket depth depends not only on the height of the alveolar bone but also on the degree of gingival inflammation, a gingival index should be used as an integral part of a routine examination. A radiographic examination supplements probing by providing information on root length and shape and width of the periodontal ligament space, and aids in determining the configuration of a bony defect. Yet radiographic analysis is of little value without the knowledge of the pocket depths, position of the gingival margin, and mobility patterns. Many forms of sophisticated instrumentation and indices for a periodontal examination have been introduced in the past decade. Unfortunately, many of these new instruments are not practical for clinical practice in their present form. Future trends will no doubt be directed toward simplifying these instruments and indices so that they can be more easily adapted to the clinical practice of periodontics, by both the general dentist and the specialist.

Dental Instruments↗