Lasers in dentistry.
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Dentin hypersensitivity affects nearly 40 million Americans at one time or another. The authors outline its causes and describe treatment agents and procedures.
In this clinical trial of nightguard vital bleaching for six weeks, 92 percent of the patients experienced some lightening of treated teeth. About 97 percent of patients with teeth stained through aging, inherent discoloration, brown fluorosis or trauma experienced lightening, as did 75 percent with tetracycline-stained teeth. Sixty-six percent experienced side effects, which resolved in 24 to 48 hours. Earliest re-treatment was done after one year in less time. Minimal color change occurred for 74 percent after 1 1/2 years and 62 percent after three years.
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Compomers, resin-modified glass ionomers, were developed to improve the physical properties and clinical handling of glass ionomers. Compomers can be designed to be light-activated and used as restoratives or liners. This article reports data collected up to 12 months after placement of both compomer restorations and liners and is part of an ongoing study evaluating the performance of this material. Based on this data, the authors conclude that this new generation of light-activated glass-ionomer restoratives provides clinical results comparable to those recorded for composite resins at 12 months.
Dental hygienists are well-educated professionals. Their responsibilities generally have been limited to scaling and polishing. Expanding into other clinical techniques, as permitted by practice laws, provides diversity for hygienists, lower cost services for patients and more time for dentists to provide the services their extra education allows.
Although the relationship between fluoride and dental caries has been widely studied and definitively determined, the relationship between fluoride and periodontal health and disease is not clear. Conflicting studies in the literature either suggest routine fluoride usage as an adjunct to conventional periodontal therapy or argue against topical fluoride use on periodontally involved teeth. This review summarizes the literature that addresses the utility of fluoride in patients with periodontal disease and aims to advance a rational criterion for the use of fluorides in the management of periodontal diseases.
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BACKGROUND: Bonded amalgam restorations have been studied extensively in vitro, but few long term clinical studies exist. The authors examined the clinical performance of bonded amalgam restorations after five years of clinical service an compared it with that of nonbonded amalgam restorations. METHODS: The authors placed 75 bonded and 62 nonbonded amalgam restorations in patients needing restorations. Most of the restorations were placed in conventional preparations; six bonded restorations were placed in nonretentive cavities. They were evaluated after a five-year period of clinical service by two trained dentists using a mirror and explorer and following modified U.S. Public Health Service criteria. RESULTS: Statistical analysis (via Fisher exact test) showed no significant differences between the two techniques when conventional preparations were used. Restorations in nonretentive preparations were successful during this period. CONCLUSIONS: Bonded and nonbonded amalgam restorations yielded similar results in conventional preparations after five years of clinical service. Bonded amalgam restorations were clinically successful in a limited number of nonretentive preparations over a five-year period. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: Bonded amalgam restorations can be used successfully in conventional preparations and possibly in nonretentive preparations as well, and can be expected to last at least five years.
Restoration cementation is a routine procedure, but it commonly is accomplished improperly. In this article, I have discussed several of the most frequently occurring problems with restoration cementation and have made suggestions about how to prevent them.
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