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Results for “Adrenal Cortex Function Tests”

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At least 775 records · Page 43Linked to original sources
PubMed1979

Free plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids and the response to beta1-24-corticotrophin in regular haemodialysis patients.

The adrenocortical function of 59 patients on regular hemodialysis treatment was tested on 105 occasions by measuring the 30-min response of free plasma 11-hydroxycorticosteroids (11-OHCS) after intramuscular injection of 0.25 mg Synacthen (beta1-24-corticotrophin). The morning basal levels of 11-OHCS were within the normal range. The increase of 11-OHCS after injection of Synacthen was less than normal in 25% of the patients. In 9 patients with a low response an extended Synacthen test was performed. This caused a normal increase in plasma 11-OHCS but the response came later than in normal persons. After 0.25 mg Synacthen intramuscularly the 30-min response of 11-OHCS seemed to be lower on the first day than on the second day after dialysis. The present study supports the view that the pituitary-adrenocortical system is essentially intact in patients on regular hemodialysis treatment.

11-Hydroxycorticosteroids↗
PubMed1981

Corticotrophin stimulation test: inverse correlation between basal serum cortisol and its response to corticotrophin.

Serum cortisol response to synthetic corticotrophin (B1-24-ACTH) was evaluated in 21 normal subjects. There was significant negative correlation (r = -0.633, P less than 0.001) between the basal serum cortisol and the increase in serum cortisol level in response to ACTH. Two subjects had an increase in serum cortisol of less than 194 nM/1 (7.0 microgram/100 ml) and two additional subjects had an increase of less than 278 nM/l (10.0 microgram/100 ml). All subjects had an absolute peak value greater than 583 nM/l (21.0 microgram/100 ml) at 30 or 60 min post-ACTH. Inverse correlation between basal serum cortisol and the increase in serum cortisol suggests that in patients who have high basal serum cortisol levels, endogenous ACTH may already have reduced the cortisol reserve of the adrenal gland.

Adrenal Cortex↗
PubMed2001

Diagnosis of canine hyperadrenocorticism.

Canine hyperadrenocorticism is one of the most common endocrinopathies in dogs. Diagnosis remains difficult in some cases due to factors such as the presence of non-adrenal illness and limitations in the tests. Differentiation between the pituitary and adrenal forms is important for providing accurate prognostic information and delineating treatment options and protocols. This article reviews the tests available for diagnosis (screening) and differentiation and evaluates their advantages and disadvantages. Recommendations for testing are made.

Abdomen↗
PubMed1984

Stages of hyperadrenocorticism: response of hyperadrenocorticoid dogs to the combined dexamethasone suppression/ACTH stimulation test.

A study was designed to evaluate the response of blood cortisol content in dogs tentatively diagnosed as having hyperadrenocorticism by using the combined dexamethasone suppression/ACTH stimulation test procedure. Four groups of abnormal responses were identified in 54 dogs. In group I (14.8% of the dogs with abnormal responses), the only abnormality was partial suppression with dexamethasone (clinically normal dogs suppressed to less than 10 ng/ml). In group II (29.6%), 2 abnormalities were found: partial suppression with dexamethasone and hyperreactivity to the ACTH stimulation test. In group III (typical pituitary-dependent hypercortisolism, 48.1%), 3 abnormalities were found: base-line hypercortisolemia, partial suppression with dexamethasone, and hyperreactivity to the ACTH stimulation test. In group IV (7.4%), 2 abnormalities were found: base-line hypercortisolemia and partial suppression with dexamethasone. Base-line blood cortisol content was normal in 44.4% of the adrenopathic dogs. A normal response to ACTH stimulation was seen in 25.9% of the dogs, and 74.1% of the dogs hyperreacted to the ACTH stimulation test. All of the adrenopathic dogs were found to suppress partially with dexamethasone. Failure to suppress the adrenal gland completely (less than 10 ng/ml) with dexamethasone was the most consistent finding in adrenopathic dogs when using the combined dexamethasone suppression/ACTH stimulation test procedure. It was concluded that the test procedure is feasible, flexible, and convenient for clinical situations. Also, these results suggested that there may be several stages in the negative feedback failure associated with hyperadrenocorticism in dogs.

Adrenal Cortex Function Tests↗
PubMed1997

[ACTH test].

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Addison Disease↗
PubMed1987

Adrenal function testing in the cat: the effect of low dose intravenous dexamethasone administration.

The plasma cortisol responses of 11 normal cats to intravenous dexamethasone at a dose rate of 0.01 mg kg-1 whole bodyweight, were evaluated. Mean plasma cortisol concentrations decreased significantly (P less than 0.01) at three hours and eight hours following dexamethasone administration. Results of this study indicate that plasma cortisol levels are significantly decreased for at least eight hours following low dose intravenous dexamethasone administration in normal cats.

Adrenal Cortex Function Tests↗
PubMed2000

Dexamethasone metabolism in dexamethasone suppression test suppressors and nonsuppressors.

BACKGROUND: Variable dexamethasone kinetics is a possible confound in the dexamethasone suppression test. Modifications to include dexamethasone plasma levels and specific dexamethasone "windows" have been proposed. Our study aims to validate our proposed dexamethasone windows in an independent sample of 121 subjects. METHODS: We performed dexamethasone suppression tests in 162 subjects with mixed psychiatric diagnoses. Dexamethasone levels and beta-phase half-life of dexamethasone were computed for suppressors and nonsuppressors. RESULTS: Dexamethasone levels were lower in nonsuppressors than in suppressors. Dexamethasone levels correlated inversely with cortisol levels in the total sample, but were nonsignificant or weakly associated in those samples restricted to the windows. The beta-phase half-life of dexamethasone was shorter in nonsuppressors. The dexamethasone windows were validated at 3:00 PM and 10:00 PM. We propose 4.0 ng/mL as a revised upper limit of the 8:00 AM dexamethasone window. CONCLUSIONS: The plasma dexamethasone level is confirmed as a confound in the dexamethasone suppression test through more rapid dexamethasone clearance in nonsuppressors. Application of dexamethasone windows will reduce this source of test variance.

Adrenal Cortex Function Tests↗
PubMed1987

Determination of thyroxine, triiodothyronine, and cortisol changes during simultaneous adrenal and thyroid function tests in healthy dogs.

Changes in thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine (T3), and cortisol during a combined adrenal (dexamethasone suppression/adrenocorticotrophic hormone response test) and thyroid function tests (thyroid-stimulating hormone [TSH] response test) were determined in 20 healthy hospitalized pet dogs. The effect of dexamethasone on T4 and T3 changes was evaluated during a simultaneous TSH response/dexamethasone suppression adrenocorticotrophic hormone response test. Greater ranges in basal cortisol concentrations and slower changes after dexamethasone was administered were observed in healthy pet dogs kenneled in a hospital setting than those reported for conditioned laboratory dogs. Pet dogs were observed to demonstrate cortisol suppression more reliably at 4 hours than at 2 hours after dexamethasone was administered. Dexamethasone had no effect on the response to TSH as assessed by T4 and T3 assays, thus supporting the validity of combining adrenal and thyroid response tests in a 5-hour period.

Adrenal Cortex Function Tests↗
PubMed1994

[Adrenocortical function in children with near fatal asthma].

The adrenal function of children with near fatal asthma was evaluated by a modified rapid ACTH test. The rapid ACTH tests, which were performed within six months of each life-threatening asthmatic episode, showed extremely low responsiveness. The response in the subjects was significantly lower than that of patients who had received high dose of corticosteroid therapy. It was suggested that the adrenocortical function of children with near fatal asthma had been already suppressed and that adrenal suppression could easily occur in such patients. We advocate the following measures: (1) environmental control, education of patients and their families, physical training accurate medication should be supplied to reduce the use of corticosteroids, (2) sufficient doses of corticosteroids should, however be given to patients with acute exacerbation, (3) not only lung function tests or allergic examinations, but also adrenocortical function tests should be performed on severe asthmatic patients.

Adolescent↗