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PubMed2026

Innovations in microbial physical mutagenesis for food fermentation: An overview from traditional to emerging technologies.

Microbial strains serve as an important factor affecting fermentation efficiency and product quality. To obtain superior strains, mutation breeding is a classic strategy. Compared to chemical mutagenesis, physical mutagenesis directly induces genomic changes, providing notable advantages such as the elimination of chemical residues and environmental sustainability, hence rendering it a favored method for enhancing food-grade microorganisms. Conventional physical mutagenesis mostly depends on UV, rays, high pressure, or space radiation. As physical technologies advance, emerging methods such as ion implantation, plasma, microwave, ultrasound, and pulsed light are widely utilized for genetic modification. Mutagenesis technologies are progressively transitioning from single-effect to multi-effect synergy. Recent evaluations indicate that emerging technologies can enhance microbial mutation efficiency at the application level relative to established technologies. Nonetheless, the systematic clarification and comparative analysis at the mechanistic level remain inadequate, hindering intuitive comprehension of the qualities and distinctions across techniques. Furthermore, physical mutagenesis encounters several significant obstacles, such as cellular damage, limited rates of advantageous mutations, and laborious screening processes. This review carefully elucidates the mechanisms and properties of physical mutagenesis technology and delineates the distinctions among approaches through comparative analysis. Simultaneously, solutions for optimizing mutagenesis are presented to tackle the principal challenges mentioned above. This review aims to offer a theoretical foundation and practical guidance for the enhanced application of physical mutagenesis technologies in microbial breeding.

Mutagenesis↗
PubMed2026

Primary pulmonary salivary gland-type tumors in cytopathology practice: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Primary pulmonary salivary gland-type tumors (PSGTs) are rare but clinically significant tumors that originate from the submucosal glands of the tracheobronchial tree. Cytologic samples taken during bronchoscopy are a key component of preoperative evaluation. However, cytologic diagnosis remains challenging because of the submucosal growth and morphologic overlap of PSGTs. In addition, current knowledge of the cytohistologic correlation of PSGTs is fragmented. The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of cytologic diagnoses of PSGTs. METHODS: A comprehensive, systematic literature search of the PubMed database was conducted to identify studies with cytologic and histologic diagnoses of PSGTs. Comprehensive data on diagnostic and clinical factors, when available, were collected for all individual patients. The data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel and analyzed using OpenMeta (Analyst) software. RESULTS: In total, 49 studies comprising 106 patients were identified. Final cytohistologic concordance was demonstrated in 48.1% of cases. Fine-needle aspiration showed the highest sensitivity (75.0%), followed by bronchial/tracheal washing (38.1%), and bronchial brushing (34.2%). Adenoid cystic carcinoma was the most common histologic subtype, accounting for 67 cases, followed by mucoepidermoid carcinoma, which accounted for 27 cases. CONCLUSIONS: The cytologic diagnosis of rare PSGTs remains challenging. Overall, cytohistologic concordance was 48.1%. However, fine-needle aspiration demonstrated greater diagnostic accuracy than exfoliative cytology and may facilitate a more accurate preoperative assessment.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Parallel evolutionary trajectories rewire enteropathogenic Escherichia coli adhesion to restore host attachment.

Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) causes disease in children, presenting as chronic diarrhea that can impair physical and cognitive development. The attachment of typical EPEC (tEPEC) to the gut epithelium via bundle-forming pili (BFP) is a key factor in its virulence. Yet, infections by atypical EPEC (aEPEC), which lack BFP, have become increasingly common. To investigate how aEPEC recover host-attachment in the absence of BFP, we performed experimental evolution using a non-adherent E. coli, constructed to mimic the ancestor of aEPEC, and selected adherent progeny. Highly adherent variants evolved through phase-variable activation of type I fimbriae (T1F), followed by two alternative trajectories: bacterial filamentation, which increases T1F avidity, or point mutations in the T1F adhesin FimH that enhance ligand affinity. Extending our analysis to the genomes of 327 aEPEC strains isolated from infected patients revealed that similar FimH mutations are common. We further demonstrated experimentally that these naturally occurring variants often increase epithelial-attachment. Our findings implicate T1F in aEPEC pathogenesis and suggest it may be clinically relevant for anti-adhesion therapy. More broadly, these results indicate that impaired host-attachment can be rapidly compensated by upregulating and optimizing an alternative adhesin, and that combining experimental evolution with comparative genomics can reveal evolutionary trajectories occurring in nature.

Bacterial Adhesion↗
PubMed2025

Comparison of three tracking methods to assess usage of two pediatric powered mobility devices for young children with cerebral palsy.

Powered mobility devices are underutilized for promoting self-initiated mobility in young children with cerebral palsy due to prioritization of walking, caregiver effort, device characteristics, and environmental factors. Understanding device usage patterns is important to assess the impact of powered mobility interventions on child outcomes. As part of clinical trial (NCT04684576), three objective tracking methods including integrated loggers, Global Positioning System trackers (GPST), and caregiver reported activity logs (CRAL) were compared to provide insights into device usage patterns. Metrics included play session frequency, session duration, total usage minutes, and unique usage days for two powered mobility devices: Modified Ride-on Cars (MROC) and the Permobil Explorer Mini (EM). Twelve children with cerebral palsy used each device for eight consecutive weeks in home and community settings (16 weeks total), with device ordered randomized. Results showed no significant differences among tracking methods for the MROC. For the EM, only session duration differed between GPST and CRAL. Correlation analysis revealed variable relationships amongst tracking methods for both devices. The EM was used more frequently than the MROC, with significantly greater total usage minutes and session duration via CRAL, not GPST. The findings highlight the need for reliable tracking technologies that can be used across powered mobility devices.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMed2026

The spatial and temporal distribution of Staphylococcus aureus along a tropical Hawaiian watershed.

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of community-acquired skin and soft-tissue infections worldwide. One major route of exposure is recreating in marine waters, but knowledge is limited regarding the drivers of S. aureus in surface waters that discharge into marine environments. This study explores spatial and temporal distributions of S. aureus, including antimicrobial-resistant and virulence genes, using both culture-dependent and molecular techniques across a tropical Hawaiian watershed with a gradient of human influence. Negative binomial generalized linear mixed models revealed that the interaction between spatial and temporal factors was the strongest predictor of S. aureus and associated genes. Cultured S. aureus was highest at mid-watershed sites in summer, which included a popular swimming hole, suggesting human shedding as a significant source. Molecular detection of S. aureus (femA gene) yielded concentrations two orders of magnitude higher than cultured concentrations and peaked at estuarine sites with the greatest nutrients and water residence times. In the winter at upstream sites with no public access, staphylococci antibiotic-resistant (mecA) and S. aureus virulence gene (etb) were elevated, indicating highly pathogenic S. aureus strains in surface waters may originate from zoonotic sources. Our findings indicate that human and zoonotic sources contribute antibiotic-resistant and virulent S. aureus to watersheds, with streams facilitating environmental transmission to marine waters. This watershed-scale assessment enables the prediction of spatial and temporal conditions associated with elevated S. aureus concentrations, thereby reducing exposure and infections.

Staphylococcus aureus↗
PubMed2026

The HOXA gene cluster: a critical regulator in bone-related disorders.

BACKGROUND: Skeletal homeostasis relies on the dynamic balance between bone formation and bone resorption. The disruption of this balance acts as the central pathological mechanism of multiple metabolic bone diseases including osteoporosis, and is closely correlated with the progression of various other bone-related disorders. As pivotal transcription factors regulating embryonic development and cell fate, the homeobox A (HOXA) gene family plays an essential role in skeletal physiological and pathological processes. METHODS: This review systematically summarizes recent research advances of the HOXA gene family in bone-related diseases, concludes the evolutionarily conserved regulatory patterns of HOXA members, and clarifies the molecular mechanisms by which HOXA genes mediate bone metabolic disorders and the occurrence as well as development of bone diseases. RESULTS: Accumulating evidence demonstrates that HOXA family members present complex functions and strong heterogeneity in bone-related diseases. They participate in the pathogenesis of bone diseases via three evolutionarily conserved regulatory manners: determining regional patterning, modulating signaling pathways, and integrating epigenetic and non-coding RNA (ncRNA) regulatory networks. CONCLUSION: Further exploring the underlying mechanisms of the HOXA family in bone-related diseases provides novel insights into the pathogenesis of bone disorders. Meanwhile, it also supplies solid theoretical basis and potential therapeutic targets for the development of novel HOXA-targeted therapeutic strategies against bone diseases.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Simulating the effects of an alcohol minimum unit price policy on distilled spirits sales in 28 states of the USA.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Excessive alcohol use is a leading preventable chronic disease risk factor. Alcohol minimum unit pricing (MUP) policies are not used in the United States despite evidence of associations with reduced drinking and alcohol-related harms. To inform potential population-level chronic disease prevention strategies, we estimated effects of various hypothetical MUPs on alcohol sales. METHOD: Simulation based on observational time-series data. We used weekly off-premises product-specific alcohol retail sales and prices in 28 states of the United States for November 2022-November 2023 from NielsenIQ to estimate the own-price elasticity of spirits and cross-price elasticities of wine, beer and ready-to-drinks with respect to spirits. Using estimated elasticities, we simulated changes in total alcohol sales associated with hypothetical spirits MUPs ranging from $0.10 to $1.10 per standard drink (0.6 fluid ounces of alcohol). RESULTS: A hypothetical MUP of $0.80 per standard drink on spirits yielded the largest estimated decrease in alcohol sales (-1.7%) and would affect 5374 of 26 249 spirits products. To reach the $0.80 MUP, the sales-weighted average price increase among affected products was $0.24 per drink. CONCLUSIONS: Minimum unit pricing policies on distilled spirits in the United States could shift purchasing behavior and help reduce alcohol-related harms.

alcohol policy↗
PubMed2026

Differential contributions of mt-Tr and Cs variants to developmental cochlear defects and mitochondrial dysfunction in A/J mice.

A/J mice exhibit early-onset hearing loss linked to Cdh23, mitochondrial tRNA-Arg (mt-Tr), and citrate synthase (Cs) variants. Although developmental cochlear defects have been identified in juvenile A/J mice, the hierarchical contributions of mt-Tr versus Cs remain unclear. Using reciprocal intercross-derived strains to decouple mitochondrial haplotypes from nuclear factors, we demonstrate that the mitochondrial background is the primary determinant of auditory dysfunction. Mice with A/J mtDNA (AXB strains) displayed significantly higher ABR thresholds, accelerated hair cell attrition, and severe stereocilia dysmorphology compared to those with B6 mtDNA (BXA strains), occurring largely independently of the Cs genotype. While the Cs mutation exacerbated hearing loss, its impact was secondary to that of the dominant mitochondrial background. Systemic behavioral assessments and mitochondrial assays confirmed that A/J mitochondria exert a more profound metabolic impact than the Cs mutation. Our findings establish that the mitochondrial genomic background, with the mt-Tr locus as a prominent candidate variant, serves as the principal driver of developmental cochlear defects and early-onset hearing loss in A/J mice, while the nuclear Cs mutation acts as a synergistic modifier. This study underscores the critical role of mitonuclear crosstalk in inner ear maturation and provides new insights into the etiology of hereditary hearing loss.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Longitudinal Relations among Perceived Economic Stress, Teacher-Student Relationships, and Cybervictimization: Exploring Within-Person Links.

Family economic hardship has been identified as a risk factor for adolescents' cybervictimization. Nevertheless, existing studies have primarily focused on objective economic conditions, and little is known about the within-person association between perceived economic stress and adolescents' cybervictimization and the mediating mechanisms underlying this association. To fill these gaps, the random intercept cross-lagged model was employed to examine the dynamic relations among perceived economic stress, teacher-student relationships, and cybervictimization. The data were obtained from a sample of 2407 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 12.75, SD = 0.58, 50.23% girls at baseline) recruited from seven schools and assessed at three time points over one year. At the between-person level, there were no significant associations among perceived economic stress, teacher-student relationships, and cybervictimization. At the within-person level, perceived economic stress positively predicted later cybervictimization over time, and this effect was unidirectional. The bidirectional relations between perceived economic stress and teacher-student relationships remained stable over time. Cybervictimization significantly and negatively predicted subsequent teacher-student relationships across time, indicating a unidirectional predictive effect. Additionally, perceived economic stress indirectly predicted cybervictimization through teacher-student relationships. The findings highlight the importance of distinguishing within-person from between-person processes and shed light on the longitudinal role of teacher-student relationships in the association between perceived economic stress and cybervictimization.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Epigenetics and In Silico Transcriptome Analysis of Pediatric Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Pediatric acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematologic malignancy that accounts for about 15%-20% of childhood leukemias. Despite therapeutic advances, relapses remain common, and survival for high-risk patients is below 60%. Unlike adult AML, pediatric AML displays distinct genetic mutations, including FLT3-ITD, NPM1, KMT2A rearrangements, and core-binding factors (CBF) fusions, as well as extensive epigenetic dysregulation. Aberrant DNA methylation, histone modifications, and altered non-coding RNA expressions disrupt hematopoietic differentiation and activate oncogenic transcriptional networks. Recent advances in silico transcriptomic analysis have transformed the study of pediatric AML by integrating gene expression and epigenetic data to identify molecular drivers and regulatory networks. Computational RNA-seq pipelines and pathway analyses have highlighted key epigenetic regulators, including DNMT3A, TET2, and HDACs, as potential therapeutic targets. Multi-omics approaches combining transcriptomic, methylomic, and chromatin accessibility data are increasingly used to define biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis, and therapeutic response. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the molecular and epigenetic landscape of pediatric AML, emphasizing the power of in silico transcriptome analysis to uncover disease mechanisms, refine patient stratification, and guide the development of precision-based epigenetic therapies aimed at improving long-term outcomes in children with AML.

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Proteomics-based analysis of the defense mechanisms of disease-resistant grass carp against Aeromonas veronii.

Sustainable aquaculture of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella, GC) is consistently threatened by bacterial diseases, particularly those caused by Aeromonas veronii. A disease-resistant grass carp (DR-GC) has been developed by backcrossing female gynogenetic GC with normal male GC, exhibiting improved resistance. However, the systemic molecular mechanisms of DR-GC defending against Aeromonas veronii infection remain largely unexplored. Here, a label-free quantitative proteomics approach was employed to systematically compare proteomic profiles across five tissues (intestine, liver, muscle, skin, and kidney) in DR-GC and GC under healthy and infected conditions. The intestine was identified as the central defense tissue, exhibiting the highest number of differentially abundant proteins (DAPs). In DR-GC, A0A3N0YEK7 (small ribosomal subunit protein eS28), A0A3N0YGT8 (ATP synthase-coupling factor 6) and A0A3N0YNS7 (apolipoprotein A-I) were significantly upregulated in intestine, while D5KZW6 (GCHV-induced protein), A0A3N0Z0A1 and Q8JH84 (hemoglobin subunit alpha) were significantly dysregulated across multiple tissues, which playing the critical roles in defense mechanisms at the protein level. Furthermore, cytochrome P450-associated pathways, cytosolic DNA-sensing and RIG-I-like receptor signaling pathways were identified as crucial coordinators mediating immune and metabolic responses. This study provides the first comprehensive proteomic view of multi-tissue defense mechanisms in DR-GC, and identifies key DAPs and pathways for subsequent functional validation.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

Influence of nicotine on protein expression around hydrophilic osseointegrated implants: A proteomic study in male rats.

OBJECTIVE: To ensure the success of dental implant treatment, various factors must be considered, including osseointegration and systemic conditions. There is evidence in the literature that smokers may exhibit alterations in tissue healing, which can compromise the success of implant rehabilitation. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of nicotine on the protein profile of bone tissue around hydrophilic implants during the osseointegration process in rats. DESIGN: Bone tissue samples from the control and nicotine groups (n = 3 per group) were subjected to protein extraction, mass spectrometry, and bioinformatic analyses. Protein identification was performed using Proteome Discoverer 2.1 software and the SEQUEST algorithm, and the protein data were compared with those of a protein database of Rattus norvegicus obtained from UniProt. RESULTS: A total of 740 proteins were detected in both the control group and the nicotine-exposed group. Among them, the proteins biglycan, periostin and histone H4 were highlighted because of their higher abundance in the healthy implant group, while they were reduced in the nicotine-exposed group. CONCLUSIONS: Nicotine has the potential to alter the protein profile of bone tissue around hydrophilic implants during osseointegration, which may impair tissue remodeling and healing.

Animals↗
PubMed2026

A risk-need-responsivity (RNR)-informed systematic review of needs during the pretrial period.

OBJECTIVE: Pretrial risk assessments are becoming increasingly popular in the United States. Despite the importance of assessing and intervening around "needs" in the risk-need-responsivity model, few pretrial risk assessments include comprehensive assessment of needs. We aim to provide a systematic review of the prevalence of and predictive utility of needs within the pretrial population. HYPOTHESES: There were no hypotheses given the nature of the study. METHOD: We conducted searches for articles in the EBSCO, ProQuest, and Google Scholar databases using key words related to 11 needs domains: antisocial personality, procriminal attitudes, procriminal associates, substance use, family/marital relationships, school/work, prosocial recreational activities, self-esteem, housing, mental health, and physical health. We identified 215 articles that reported on the prevalence of needs or explored their predictive associations with pretrial misconduct outcomes in adult populations. RESULTS: Overall, we find few comprehensive investigations of needs in the pretrial domain, apart from substance use. Variation in methodology and operationalization contributes to wide variability in prevalence estimates. We found only 15 articles that examined predictive associations between pretrial needs and outcomes, which were limited to investigations of behavioral health, employment, and housing needs. Substance use and housing needs emerged as the only consistent predictors of pretrial misconduct. CONCLUSIONS: Researchers should more directly assess the prevalence and predictive utility of needs within the pretrial period to bolster the evidence base for including these factors in pretrial risk assessments. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Humans↗
PubMed2026

Characterization of ZIC5 expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and its association with patient survival.

Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is a prevalent malignancy known for its aggressive nature and poor prognosis. The present study aimed to investigate the expression levels and clinical importance of the Zic family member 5 (ZIC5) gene in ESCC. Gene expression data and survival information obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus were utilized. In 176 patients with surgically resected ESCC, immunohistochemical analysis was conducted to validate the expression of ZIC5 protein in cancerous and adjacent tissues. The findings of the present study revealed a significant upregulation of ZIC5 in ESCC compared with normal tissues (P<0.05), which was further corroborated by immunohistochemistry exhibiting a notable association between ZIC5 expression and clinical parameters such as tumor size, invasion depth, lymph node metastasis and TNM staging (P<0.05). Survival analysis further indicated that high ZIC5 expression was an independent prognostic factor for poor outcomes in patients with ESCC (hazard ratio=1.519; 95% CI: 1.017-2.269; P<0.05). In addition, bioinformatic analyses predicted that hsa-microRNA-212-5p may regulate ZIC5 mRNA and gene enrichment analysis suggested that ZIC5 may facilitate ESCC progression through involvement in the cell cycle and DNA repair pathways. In conclusion, ZIC5 is highly expressed in ESCC and associated with a poor prognosis, indicating its potential as a therapeutic target and biomarker for ESCC management. Further studies are warranted to elucidate the precise mechanisms underlying the role of ZIC5 in ESCC progression.

ESCC↗
PubMed2026

Tissue-derived extracellular matrix hydrogels instruct epigenetic adaptation in metastatic colonization.

The extracellular matrix (ECM) plays a central role in regulating tumor progression and metastatic colonization by providing biochemical and mechanical signals that shape cancer cell fate. However, most organoid culture systems rely on basement membrane extracts that fail to reproduce the tissue-specific extracellular environments encountered during metastasis. Here, we develop tissue-derived decellularized matrix hydrogels to reconstruct organ-specific microenvironments and investigate epigenetic adaptation to ECM cues during metastatic colonization. Patient-derived colorectal cancer organoids cultured in colon-derived matrices exhibited enhanced maintenance of stem-like phenotypes and colon-specific chromatin accessibility landscapes compared with cultures grown in basement membrane extracts, demonstrating improved physiological relevance for primary tumor modeling. When exposed to matrices derived from secondary organs, the organoids showed distinct growth phenotypes accompanied by rapid, tissue-dependent chromatin accessibility remodeling, indicating that ECM composition alone can reshape regulatory programs governing metastatic adaptation. Notably, liver-derived matrices selectively activated hepatocyte nuclear factor 4 alpha (HNF4A)-associated transcriptional networks and created a context-specific dependence on c-MET signaling for survival. Functional perturbation of HNF4A or c-MET signaling confirmed that both are required for organoid formation specifically within the liver matrix environment. Together, these findings establish tissue-derived matrix hydrogels as instructive bioactive materials that actively regulate cancer cell epigenetic states and reveal microenvironment-specific therapeutic vulnerabilities during early metastatic colonization.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2026

Mendelian randomisation for rheumatology: beyond hype-what it's good for, what it can't do, and how to read it critically.

Mendelian randomisation (MR) has become abundant in the literature, with variation in quality and frequent overinterpretation of causality. This creates a problem for clinical readers, reviewers, and editors: some MR studies can sharpen causal thinking, prioritise drug targets, and challenge misleading observational claims, whereas others are little more than automated exposure-outcome scans with causal claims disproportionate to the evidence. MR can strengthen causal inference when randomised trials are impractical and conventional observational studies are vulnerable to confounding, reverse causation, or selection bias. In rheumatology, credible MR can contribute to questions about disease aetiology, modifiable risk factors, therapeutic target validation, adverse-effect anticipation, and phenotype validation. However, its interpretation depends on whether the exposure is plausibly instrumentable, whether the genetic instruments are biologically defensible, whether assumptions are interrogated in ways appropriate to the design, and whether findings are triangulated with clinical, observational, experimental, and mechanistic evidence. Instead of recapitulating all methodological issues of MR, this review aims to help rheumatologists distinguish robust MR from weak or overinterpreted analyses quickly. We provide an accessible framework for reading and triaging MR studies in rheumatology. Papers that use poorly justified instruments, treat medication use as drug-target evidence, interpret genetic liability as diagnosis, rely on mechanical sensitivity analyses, ignore prior evidence or ask no clinically meaningful question can often be passed over by readers. The goal is not to discourage MR in rheumatology, but to raise the standard; useful MR should clarify causal reasoning rather than simply generate another statistically significant association.

Journal Article↗
PubMed2026

Psychological interventions to improve maternal mental health and resilience during pregnancy in the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: During the COVID-19 pandemic, pregnant women experienced increased psychological distress, while access to routine mental health care was often disrupted. Psychological interventions may provide an effective strategy to support maternal mental health under these circumstances. OBJECTIVE: This systematic review aimed to provide an overview of psychological interventions for pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate their effectiveness in reducing distress and enhancing resilience. METHODS: A systematic search of four databases was conducted up to 3 September 2025. Randomised and non-randomised studies evaluating psychological interventions during pregnancy were included. RESULTS: Sixteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Interventions included cognitive behavioural therapy, mindfulness-based interventions, psychoeducation, and other psychological approaches delivered through individual, group, digital, or hybrid formats. Most studies reported reductions in depression, anxiety, or stress, and some found improvements in resilience-related factors. However, the methodological quality was modest; with heterogeneous outcome measures and limited follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Overall, psychological interventions adapted for digital or hybrid delivery show promise for improving maternal emotional well-being in times of crises. The findings suggest that accessible and scalable psychological interventions may support maternal mental health during crisis situations when routine care is disrupted. Future research should prioritize larger, methodologically rigorous trials with standardized outcomes, and longer follow-up periods.

Humans↗
PubMed2025

Defining Gaslighting in Gender-Based Violence: A Mixed-Methods Systematic Review.

In both public and academic discourse, gaslighting has gained increased attention, especially regarding psychological abuse, power imbalance, and gender-based violence (GBV). However, the term gaslighting is often inconsistently defined and conflated with broader forms of manipulation. It is also largely examined in the context of intimate partner violence (IPV), which ignores its occurrence in other forms of GBV. The present study presents a systematic review that synthesizes interdisciplinary academic literature to create a comprehensive framework of gaslighting. This framework includes the specific tactics that are used by perpetrators of gaslighting, the social-psychological outcomes experienced by survivors, and the role of systemic inequalities and social power dynamics. A search across multiple databases identified 96 records that discussed gaslighting in relation to GBV. Thematic analysis revealed a two-part framework for understanding gaslighting: (a) gaslighting tactics, which were categorized into cognitive and perceptual manipulation, emotional and psychological abuse, power dynamics and control, and additional forms of manipulation and (b) survivor outcomes, including disruptions to perception and memory, emotional distress, social isolation, and resistance strategies. The findings show that gaslighting is more than just an interpersonal act; it is sustained within social structures, where perpetrators use identity factors and forms of marginalization to exploit survivors. Overall, this review presents a comprehensive definition of gaslighting that illustrates its epistemic nature and its intersection with systemic oppression. It is suggested that future research studies gaslighting in GBV contexts beyond IPV, while practice and policy efforts should seek to enhance recognition and support for survivors.

Humans↗