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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMedDate not supplied

The impact of mass media advertising on a voluntary sterilization program in Brazil.

The effect of magazine advertising on vasectomy acceptance was tested in São Paulo, Brazil. Four advertisements ran for ten weeks in eight magazines. Clinic performance doubled during the campaign and stabilized at 54 percent higher than baseline. The advertisements selectively attracted the target audience without bringing in large numbers of ineligible candidates, completely avoided negative reactions, and recruited men previously unexposed to vasectomy. The cost of the advertising campaign was offset by additional revenue generated by the increase in vasectomies performed. The results suggest that while interpersonal communications can maintain performance in voluntary sterilization programs, mass media promotion may be necessary for program growth.

Advertising↗
PubMed1987

Maedi-visna control in sheep. III: Results and evaluation of a voluntary control program in The Netherlands over a period of four years.

The results of the first four years of the Dutch national voluntary maedi-visna control program, which was launched on January 1, 1982, are presented. At the end of the observation period, 1711 breeding flocks representing 70% of the registered breeding flocks participated. The program is based on accreditation of flocks that have passed two successive serological tests with an interval of six months between and post-accreditation tests every 12 months. The flocks have to conform to a set of specific regulations. Sheep sold from such flocks receive a certificate stating that their origin was accredited. A total of 1212 flocks gained accreditation. Of these flocks, 29.5% were free from infection from the beginning, 35.6% were created by total replacement of the original stock, 19.6% employed repeated testing and culling of positives, and 15.3% were created by artificial rearing of colostrum-deprived lambs. A total of 22 flocks lost accreditation due to detection of 36 seropositives. These positives and their progeny were culled, and all flocks regained accreditation after passing the two negative flock tests required. In a total of seven flocks, an unusual course of events during the pre-accreditation stage was observed; this was mainly attributed to late seroconversions and uncommon degrees of horizontal transmission. The results indicate that this certification yields a substantial guarantee of freedom from maedi-visna virus and they indirectly show that the basic design of the program has been adequate.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

A program to help staff cope with psychological sequelae of assaults by patients.

Mental hospital staff who are assaulted by patients are at risk of developing symptoms associated with posttraumatic stress disorder. The Assaulted Staff Action Program (ASAP), a voluntary program, offers support to staff victims of patient assaults in a state mental hospital. ASAP team members debrief assault victims, assessing the victim's sense of control, social supports, and ability to make sense of the incident. A short-term support group is offered. During the program's first 90 days, the team responded to 67 assaults. Ten days after the assaults, many of the victims had not regained a sense of control, did not have a support network, and were unable to make sense of the incident. These factors put them at risk for PTSD symptoms. The costs of such a program are discussed.

Adaptation, Psychological↗
PubMed1976

The role of regional quality control programs in the practice of laboratory medicine in the United States.

Since their initiation in 1967, Regional Quality Control Programs have expanded, and they are now accessible to all clinical laboratories in the United States. Based on input from large numbers of laboratories analyzing the same lots of control material for chemistry, hematology, and coagulation, the programs provide computer-generated intralaboratory statistics for day-to-day precision and interlaboratory comparative statistics for relative precision and accuracy. Nearly half the clinical laboratories in the United States currently participate in Regional Quality Control Programs in chemistry. These voluntary programs are coordinated by voluntary professional groups or by the manufacturers of control materials. Professionally directed programs are, for the most part, supervised by committees of state pathology societies.

Chemistry, Clinical↗
PubMed1985

Nosocomial rubella--consequences of an outbreak and efficacy of a mandatory immunization program.

An outbreak of rubella in a large metropolitan hospital is described. Nineteen cases among employees and three secondary cases in family members occurred. Nosocomial cases occurred among the 3,900 employees of an adult medical-surgical unit where a voluntary program of rubella immunization was in effect. No cases occurred among the 1,400 employees of the women's and pediatric units with mandatory policies, despite interfacility and community exposure. Ten pregnant women were among the 377 contacts of the cases. Five were sero-negative to rubella. Two who developed clinical rubella, one asymptomatic sero-conversion and one other, all elected to terminate their pregnancies. The remaining woman, exposed in her third trimester delivered a normal infant. We conclude a policy requiring new employees to be rubella immune is more effective in preventing nosocomial rubella than a voluntary program and is desirable in view of the potential consequences of an outbreak to pregnant employees.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Evaluation of food consumption in overweight women before starting voluntary dieting programs].

The dietary intake of 50 premenopausal, overweight women, aged between 18 and 50 years old (31 +/- 9 years), with a mean body mass index of 29.9 +/- 3.1 kg/m2, was evaluated using the 24 hour recall method, the day before the start of a voluntary dietetic treatment. All the women had repeatedly tried losing weight throughout the courses of their lives. Caloric restriction was compared with weight loss after a week of dietetic treatment. Our results indicate that none of the women taking part in the study reported diets balanced in energy and nutrients. Although in 50% of the patients dietary energy intake was insufficient, all of them, when submitted to a diet of 1200 kcal per day, lost more weight (0.8-1.5 kg) than expected. The high fat intake and above all carbohydrate deficiency in these patients, indicate the lack of nutritional knowledge in their weight loss attempts. In our opinion, nutritional education is necessary to help them implement a balanced diet.

Adolescent↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Initiation of a voluntary certification program for health education specialists.

As health education has become a major strategy for addressing current health problems, the need for expertise in health education has increased. Today health education specialists work not only in health agencies and educational institutions but also in hospitals and other health and medical facilities, in businesses and industries, and in consulting firms. To promote quality assurance in the delivery of health education services to the public, the profession has launched a voluntary credentialing system for health education specialists. Seven areas of responsibilities and the competencies that they require have been delineated as generic to the practice of entry level health education specialists, regardless of the setting (for example, school, health agency, work site) where they work. The purposes and rationale for new National Commission for Health Education Credentialing, Inc., are described as well as the benefits of certification for the profession. The events and accomplishments of the past decade that have provided the foundation for the newly established credentialing program for the health education profession are chronicled.

Allied Health Personnel↗
PubMed1982

The current status of surgical second opinion programs.

Second opinion programs proliferated in the 1970s, and most of these were voluntary programs. Until more complete evaluations of voluntary and mandatory programs are done, it seems likely that second opinion programs will continue to be on a voluntary basis. Second opinion programs have been shown to identify potential surplus surgery and are designed to contain costs.

Attitude of Health Personnel↗
PubMed1982

Trial of labor following cesarean section: a two-year experience.

Elective repeat cesarean section is one of the major factors responsible for the increase in the total cesarean section rate observed since 1970. Beginning in January, 1980, a voluntary program encouraging a trial of labor for patients with a documented previous low-transverse cesarean section and no apparent recurring indication was instituted. Two hundred seven patients were managed with an adequate trial of labor, and 84.5% were delivered vaginally over a 2-year period. There were no deaths associated with a trial of labor, and maternal and fetal morbidity was negligible. This voluntary program resulted in a 27.9% decrease in the repeat cesarean section rate over the 2 years reported. Patient and physician acceptance of such a program was evaluated by follow-up questionnaires. Current recommendations include a mandatory trial of labor in patients with only one previous low-transverse cesarean section and no current indication for cesarean delivery. A more liberal management policy regarding patients with two or more previous low-transverse cesarean sections also seems warranted.

Cesarean Section↗
PubMed1991

Is balance or posture at the end of a voluntary movement programmed?

Two leg movements, differing only by the final balance conditions, were analysed to determine whether the final body posture or the equilibrium were taken into account by the motor programming. The test movement was a flexion-extension of a lower limb executed at maximal velocity. The initial body posture was bipedal, while the final one was either bipedal or unipedal. The biomechanical and electromyographic data showed significant differences between parameters of the two movements. The results indicate that the final body equilibrium is the major parameter controlled.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed1994

Voluntary screening program for prostate cancer: detection rate and cost.

In a community-wide screening program conducted in Jacksonville, Florida, 564 participants received free screening for prostate cancer. Frequency of positive results of prostate-specific antigen measurement and digital rectal examination was comparable to that found in similar programs in other communities. The estimated cost for each participant was $231, and the cost to discover each cancer was $7,240. If one also includes initial therapy in cost estimates, then the cost per participant was $520, and the cost to find and treat each patient was $16,300. The value of screening for prostate cancer must be judged by treatment outcome and underlying costs.

Aged↗