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[Evolution of the medical writing of the scientific reports published by the Annales d'Otolaryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico- Faciale].

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the quality and evolution of the medical writing of the scientific reports published by the Annales d'Otolaryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A comparative study of quantitative and qualitative data regarding the medical writting of 98 scientific reports published in 1977, 1987, and 1997 in the Annales d'Otolaryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale. RESULTS: Various significant statistical results documented an increase within the quality of the medical writing of the scientific reports published. However, various probllems regarding the medical writing of the chapters "Title", "Summary", or "Discussion", the type of study performed, the use of biostatistics, the references, and the style still exist. CONCLUSION: Based upon the data collected, the author supports the actual policy of the editorial board regarding the increased severity concerning the medical writing of the scientific reports submitted to the Annales d'Otolaryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale. Various propositions are also performed to increase the quality of the medical writting and the diffusion of the scientific reports published by the Annales d'Otolaryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-faciale.

Cervical Vertebrae↗

MEDICAL writing.

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Humans↗

[The absence of style is the best style in medical writing].

The author describes his conception of medical writing. Based upon a critical analysis of articles recently published in the Archives de Pédiatrie, he underlines the main principles which have to be respected for the writing of a medical article. This paper will be completed in an article entitled "The different redactional forms in medicine" to be published in the next issue (January 1988) of the journal.

Publishing↗

From lesion to metaphor: chronic pain in British, French and German medical writings, 1800-1914.

This is the first monograph devoted to the history of chronic pain. A novel methodology is used. Examining responses to a problem that remained stable over time anchors a survey of shifting terms and theories and leaves the historical invariance of the clinical syndrome open to textual research. Writings by medical authors from a wide range of professional backgrounds are examined including surgeons, physicians, psychiatrists, neurophysiologists, neurologists and psychoanalysts. Early responses to the problem of chronic pain without structural lesion were the appearance of neuralgia, a neuro-anatomical rewriting of traditional sympathies, extension of the concept of lesion to embrace disturbance of function and appeals to cenesthesis. Later in the century distinctions were drawn between hysterical and neuralgic pain, and between ideogenic, psychogenic and neurogenic pain. Some argued for the physiological equivalence of chronic pain and melancholia, while pain was central to Freud's original notion of conversion. This evidence of continuous discussion of lesionless pain throughout the century challenges the orthodox historical view that the rise of neuroscience meant such pain was simply dismissed as imaginary. The historical invariance of a syndrome of chronic pain without lesion speaks against histories of lesionless syndromes premised on social constructionism. The historical findings are relevant to contemporary debates about the nosology and nature of chronic pain.

Chronic Disease↗

Maximizing communication skills in graduate and postgraduate health-care education through medical writing.

Graduate and postgraduate health-care professional training and postdoctoral fellowship programs that deny trainees opportunities to practice both oral and written communication skills produce an incompletely trained health-care provider unable to compete for faculty positions at university hospitals and affiliated staffs. Therefore, it is imperative that program directors make medical writing a prerequisite to successful completion of postgraduate training programs. To make trainees as well as administrators and faculty aware of the importance of oral and written communication skills, a variety of oral abilities needed for presenting medical findings prior to publication are detailed. The use of 2 x 2 slides to support a presentation as well as transparencies, movies, and videotapes are considered. The poster session/scientific exhibit, now becoming more visible because of increasing attendance at professional meetings, is also explained. Written communication abilities are discussed. Consideration is given to the writing of professional manuscripts for publication in a refereed journal. Other types of written communication include case reports, clinicopathological conferences, letters to the editor, book reviews, books, and book contributions. The opportunity to learn needed skills must be offered in the postgraduate health-care curriculum. Mandatory medical writing will maximize the marketability of black health-care professionals for faculty staff placement. Moreover, the establishment of a "track record" early in a professional career will increase the likelihood that black health providers are awarded grants for research.

Audiovisual Aids↗

Mind to mind: persuasion in medical writing.

Much can be done to improve the quality of oral and written communication among physicians, particularly among young physicians. Good communication can be taught. Clear writing is only the reflection of clear thinking. The strong determination to make oneself unmistakable will carry the writer a long way toward his goal; indeed, the determination to be unmistakable is far more important to a writer than rules of grammar or composition. Hitherto neglected, remedial instruction in medical writing is a valuable adjunct to medical education, specifically because the conscious and unremitting attempt to make oneself clear has great catalytic influences. This effort releases hidden energies in the medical writer as is suggested by the cryptic but illuminating remark made by one of E. M. Forster's characters, an old lady who said: "How do I know what I think until I hear what I say."

Education, Medical↗

[Medical writing and scientific style].

I contrast here the qualities of scientific style with the actual vices of medical writing. Besides, the grammatical tense and the concept of author in scientific literature are also briefly reviewed.

Mexico↗