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At least 37 records · Page 2Linked to original sources
PubMed1999

[Reconstruction of hip joint function: old fracture-dislocation of hip joint complicated with deformed healing of upper 1/3 of fractured femur--a case report].

OBJECTIVE: To explore a method of reconstruction of hip joint function after deformed healing of the upper 1/3 of fractured femur as a complication of old fracture dislocation of hip joint. METHODS: A patient with loss of function in hip joint and fusion of knee joint was treated with lock for femur intra-medullary fixation in April 1997. RESULTS: Before operation, the diseased hip joint lost its most functions and the entire lower extremity was disabled because the knee joint had been fused. One year after operation, the follow-up examination revealed that the patient could walk by crutches without discomfort, his daily life and work recovered to normal. CONCLUSION: It is effective to treat a patient suffering old fracture-dislocation of hip joint complicated with deformed healing of the upper 1/3 of fractured femur by means of individualized artificial joint replacement and a prosthesis body with lock for femur intra-medullary fixation, and it is helpful for the development of a new clinical idea to reconstruct functions in the management of some particular cases.

Accidents, Traffic↗
PubMed1994

[Bony changes at the femur side after hip joint replacement: radiologic analysis of 80 hip joints].

The authors, according to Amstutz, studied the roentgenographs of 80 postoperation cases of cemented hip joint replacement performed more than two years-ago. There were bone changes in 64 cases (80%), of them, sclerosis of bone in 32 cases (40%), atrophy of bone in 25 cases (31%), absorption of bone in 24 cases (30%), thickness of bone cortex in 18 cases (22%), enlargement of medullary cavity in 12 cases (15%), periosteum reaction in 8 cases (10%), and thinness of bone cortex in 1 case (1.3%). Most of them usually occurred in the sixth month to the second year post-operation and located mainly at the 1, 4, 5 and 7 regions. The authors think that the most important cause is the unbalance of biologic stress, and other factors are elasticity and hardness of prosthesis, frictional force, cemented of the stem, etc.

Adult↗
PubMed2006

Finite element contact analysis of the hip joint.

The hip joint plays an important role in the musculoskeletal system; however, current knowledge of the mechanics of the hip joint, especially with regard to the distribution of stress, remains limited. In experimental research, difficulties arise during reproduction of physiological conditions of daily activities and practicable measurement of locations inside the hip joint without violating the physiological environment. On the other hand, numerical approaches, such as finite element analysis, have become useful tools in the field of biomechanics. In finite element contact analysis of the hip joint, due to discretization of contact surfaces, computational instability might occur when the contact nodes move near the edges of the contact elements. In this study, to overcome this problem, a contact smoothing approach was introduced by applying Gregory patches. Contact analysis of the hip joint was then performed for three representative daily activities; i.e., walking, rising up from a chair and knee bending. The effectiveness of the adopted smoothing approach was verified by comparing the results with those obtained experimentally. The distribution and history of contact stress, which have heretofore been scarcely reported, were also obtained and the implications associated with osteoarthritis were discussed.

Algorithms↗
PubMed2005

The influence of heterotopic ossification on functional status of hip joint following total hip arthroplasty.

PURPOSE: The functional failure induced by heterotopic ossification (HO) following total hip arthroplasty (THA) was analyzed and correlated to the radiologic failure. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From July 1997 to July 2001, 315 patients (345 hips) received THA indicated by a hypertrophic osteoarthritis of higher degree (Kellgren grade III, IV). All patients were irradiated prophylactically for prevention of HO on the evening before surgery with a 7-Gy single fraction. The patients' median age was 66.3 years. Radiologic failure was assessed by comparison of pre- and postoperative hip X-rays (immediately and 6 months after surgery). Analysis of radiographs was performed according to the Brooker Score. Clinical failure was appraised by measurement of passive range of motion (ROM) of the hip joint with a standard goniometer. The t-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: 281 patients (81.5%) did not develop HO. HO of Brooker grade I or II was found in 58 patients (16.8%). Six patients (1.7%) developed HO Brooker grade III or IV. There was a significant negative correlation between the degree of radiologic and clinical failure. ROM differed significantly between patients with HO Brooker grade 0, I, II and patients with HO Brooker grade III, IV. Comparing the pre- and postoperative ROM, all patients with Brooker grade 0, I and II showed a significant improvement of flexion, internal and external rotation, abduction and adduction movement. Patients with HO Brooker grade III and IV showed no improvement of ROM in the postoperative follow-up. CONCLUSION: The development of HO following THA influences the physical function of the hip joint dependent on the degree of ossification. HO of lower degree (Brooker I, II) does not influence the clinical outcome, whereas HO of higher degree (Brooker III, IV) reduces the function of hip arthroplasty. Therefore, the purpose of a prophylactic therapy must be to reduce HO of higher degree.

Aged↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Computed tomography of children with dysplasia of the hip joint].

The hip joints in 10 children were investigated with computerized tomography (CT). The method permitted the determination of the geometry of hip joints. It was used for a study of the pathogenesis of aseptic necrosis at early stages of its development in children with congenital dysplasia of the hip joint at early stages of disease. CT made it possible to establish anteversion of the cotyloid cavity, its degree, the shape and structure of the anterior and posterior wall of the cotyloid cavity, and a shift of the proximal hip end anteriorly in combination with the above changes in the whole hip joint.

Child↗
PubMed1998

Relationship between degenerative joint disease and hip joint laxity by use of distraction index and Norberg angle measurement in a group of cats.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the relationship between degenerative joint disease (DJD) and passive laxity of the hip joint in a group of cats. DESIGN: Prospective study. ANIMALS: A select (nonrandomized) group of 78 cats. PROCEDURE: Standard hip-extended radiographic views and compression and distraction views of the pelvis were obtained from cats during sedation. Radiographs were evaluated, using an Orthopedic Foundation for Animals (OFA)-like scoring system for dogs. Passive joint laxity was measured, using Norberg angle (NA) and distraction index (DI). Hip laxity in cats with DJD was compared with hip laxity in cats without DJD. RESULTS: Hip dysplasia (HD) was subjectively diagnosed radiographically in 25 of 78 (32%) cats using the OFA-like scoring system. Nineteen cats had mild HD 4 had moderate HD, and 2 had severe HD. Fifteen of the 25 cats with HD had DJD. The NA ranged from 56 to 105. The mean NA in cats with DJD was (84 degrees) significantly lower than in cats without DJD (95 degrees). The DI ranged from 0.2 to 0.84. The mean DI for cats with DJD was (0.6) significantly higher than that for cats without DJD (0.49). Cats with a DI < 0.4 did not have DJD. Cats had an increased likelihood of having DJD with increased laxity in the coxofemoral joint, as measured by NA or DI. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The mean NA for radiographically normal cats (92.4 degrees) was lower than that in radiographically normal dogs (103 degrees). The overall mean DI for cats in this group (0.51) is similar to dogs of breeds with high joint laxity, such as the Labrador Retriever (0.5). As in dogs, there is a relationship between DJD and laxity in the hip joint of cats.

Animals↗
PubMed1999

[Differential epidural block for definitive diagnosis of snapping hip joint].

Snapping hip joint syndrome is defined as snapping phenomenon accompanied by motion of the hip joint. It occurs from various causes, and its diagnosis and treatment are often difficult. We gave anesthesia for surgery against snapping hip joint under patient's active motion for definitive regional diagnosis. Differential epidural block, which precludes pain while maintaining motor function, was performed by 0.25% bupivacaine, 0.5% lidocaine, and additional administration of fentanyl by 25 micrograms. Although the mechanism of differential nerve block remains to be unknown, the case suggests that effective pain block preserving motor function may be achieved by differential epidural block in combination with low concentration of local anesthetics and small dose of opioid.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

Discussion on the design of a hip joint simulator.

Hip joint simulators were developed for predicting, by attempting to duplicate in vitro physiological loads and motion, the wear rate that total hip replacements are likely to show in vivo. From a theoretical point of view, loading and motion cycles of hip joints could be closely reproduced by three rotation actuators and three force actuators. However existing devices have been designed assuming that some of these degrees of freedom are negligible, in order to reduce the complexity of the equipment. The present study singles out some preliminary indications on the design choices regarding the spatial configuration of loading and motion actuators. The aim is to define theoretically a simplified simulator but still able to apply the most physiologically realistic loading cycle to the specimen.

Biomechanical Phenomena↗
PubMed2002

A radiographic study of hip-joint alignment after prosthetic hip arthoplasty.

Postoperative hip alignment was studied on radiographs in cases of total hip arthroplasty (THA) and of Bipolar Head Prosthesis(BHP), both with MX-1. Postoperative anteroposterior-view radiographs of hip joints of patients with a normal hip joint on the unoperated side and without pelvic tilt were used. Thirty-nine THA patients (femoral neck fracture), 26 THA patients (osteonecrosis of the femoral head and osteoarthritis of the hip joint), and 34 BHP patients were selected for this study. Lines and points for measurement of 9 parameters were established on radiographs. The position of the greater trochanter upper edge is 6.5 mm (mean) superior to the femoral head center in the normal hip joint of Japanese, unlike in Caucasians. A femoral head prosthesis should be inserted so that its center and the greater trochanter upper edge are level in order to equalize leg lengths. In BHP cases, the insertion is made so that the greater trochanter upper edge is approximately 4-mm superior to the center of the prosthesis. For further securing of the stem and to equalize leg lengths, stems should be available in 11 diameters from 5-15 mm in 1-mm increments. Postoperative hip alignment in MX-1 THA cases was found to be satisfactory.

Aged↗
PubMed1977

[Periarticular ossification following replacement of the hip-joint. Clinical and radiologic examination of 697 hip-joints (author's transl)].

Systematic examination of 733 cases of replacement of the hip-joint, operated on with an identical technique and method of post-operative treatment. Frequency and severity of periarticular ossification, their relationship to pre-operative arthrosis and their effect on joint function are described. Development and localization of periarticular ossification, their higher incidence after tearing off of the trochanter, removal of osteophytes and occurrence of hematomata hint at surgical trauma as one of the causes. Preliminary operations on the proximal end of femur did not influence ectopic ossification. Ossification of grade I did not interfere with function, grades II and III limited movement in varying degrees.

Follow-Up Studies↗
PubMed1994

Muscular recovery around the hip joint after total hip arthroplasty.

A prospective study was conducted to quantitatively measure the relative muscle torque strengths in 20 consecutive women with unilateral osteoarthritic hips and 20 consecutive men with unilateral osteonecrotic hips before and after primary cementless total hip arthroplasty. Maximal isometric torque strengths in the muscles of flexion, extension, and abduction around the hip joint were measured preoperatively and postoperatively at six months and one year, using a Cybex 340 dynamometer. The results showed improved muscle function after total hip arthroplasty in both diseased and healthy hips. In the diseased hips, all muscle groups improved significantly, from 150 to 250% of the preoperative levels, at six months and one year postoperatively, except in the osteoarthritic women, in whom the improvement at six months was minimal. Preoperatively, all muscle groups in the diseased hips were weaker than those in the uninvolved hips, especially in the osteonecrotic men (51-79% of healthy side). In both groups, however, the torques strengths of the diseased hips had not caught up to the healthy hips in the one-year follow-up period (84-89% in the osteonecrotic male group, and 79-81% in the osteoarthritic female group). The authors recommended that muscle strengthening exercises for the hip should be continued for at least one year, and perhaps longer, after total hip arthroplasty.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Reimplantation of the artificial hip joint in girdlestone hips is superior to girdlestone arthroplasty by itself].

AIM: The aim of this work was to compare the functional results of secondary Girdlestone hips with the results of total hip replacement (THR) after a Girdlestone situation. METHODS: 72 patients with THR following a Girdlestone situation and 87 patients with a Girdlestone situation (90 hips) were compared with regard to defined endpoints. RESULTS: THR following a Girdlestone situation provided for significantly higher patient satisfaction (89 % versus 13 %) and hip function (HHS 63 versus 39 points). The groups only marginally differed with regard to the incidence of complications (0.32 versus 0.26 per patient) and the necessity for surgical revision (0.38 versus 0.31 per patient). CONCLUSION: Conversion of Girdlestone hips with THR provided patient satisfaction and functional results superior to secondary Girdlestone hips while the incidence of postoperative complications and revisions were similar for both groups. These differences justify attempts at the conversion of Girdlestone situations with THR, if technically possible, in accordance with the patient's wish and as allowed by his/her general health.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[The biomechanics of the hip joint using new diagnostic aspects in the field of hip joint dysplasia. Constructive criticism of hip dysplasia diagnosis and present marketable breeding methods with an outlook on future perspectives and possibilities. Part I].

In absence of basic canine hip biomechanics, a specific, consequent three dimensional concept to evaluate the coxofemoral joint was developed for the dog. With the help of a new method to radiologically demonstrate the hip in a physiological standing position several new clinically relevant aspects could be further investigated. For example the breed specific anatomical differences in the hip, and dynamics and the background on "iatrogenic luxations" in HD diagnostics could be shown. The caudal luxation and the growth abnormalities of the hip and their consequences on the whole leg (antetorsion syndrome) as a consequence of inadequate breeding could be demonstrated.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Modes of lubrication in human hip joints.

Cadaveric hip joints were tested in a hip function simulator which subjected the femoral head to a cycle of loading and oscillation similar to that experienced during walking and measured the frictional torque transmitted to the acetabulum. Silicone fluids with viscosities from 10-2 Pa s (pascal second) to 30 Pa s were used as lubricants and the transition from mixed to full fluid film lubrication was observed around 5 x 10(-2) Pa s. Sodium carboxymethylcellulose solutions were also tested at the lower viscosities. Hyaluronidase digestion of samples of synovial fluid caused a significant increase in friction over the control samples. Trypsin digestion had no significant effect. No correlation between compliance of the cartilage and the frictional values was observed.

Elasticity↗