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At least 19 recordsLinked to original sources
PubMed1992

Three-dimensional evaluation of acetabular coverage of the femoral head in normal hip joints and hip joints with acetabular dysplasia.

Compared with the assessment by data processing-coupled CT scanning, three dimensional evaluations of the acetabular coverage of the femoral head from a plain X-ray picture of the hip joint is found to be a simpler and easier procedure. In addition, the calculated values agree well with those obtained by CT in reconstruction. Consequently, this method is of great value in evaluating the severity of diseases of the hip joint. The acetabular coverage of the anterior portion of the hip joint is decreased in the elderly even if the hip joint is normal. Because this decrease may result in primary arthrosis deformans, it should be studied further. Rotational acetabular osteotomy (RAO) is a far better method than Salter's for the early stage of coxarthritis. The present study concludes that it is vitally important to maintain the normal ratio of the anterior and posterior coverage and the shape of the acetabular coverage in the treatment of coxarthritis.

Acetabulum↗
PubMed1991

Arthroscopic surgery of the hip joint.

Hip arthroscopic examination of 196 joints was performed in 104 patients treated during the past 4 years. Of these, 11 joints were treated by arthroscopic surgery. We have developed a technique using a two-directional approach that facilitates a global view of joint areas and allows simpler performance of surgical procedures. Removal of loose bodies, joint debridement in osteoarthritis, and synovectomy in rheumatoid arthritis are good indications for arthroscopic surgery of the hip joint. Short-term follow-up was satisfactory, and a reduction of pain was obtained in all patients. Although the joint space of the hip is narrower and the operative technique is more difficult to perform than in the knee, we believe that arthroscopic surgery of the hip is a suitable method in selected cases.

Arthroscopy↗
PubMed1998

Low wear and friction in alumina/alumina total hip joints: a hip simulator study.

We studied the wear of state-of-the-art alumina/alumina total hip joints with the uniaxial five-station, and the three-axis single-station hip joint simulators of Helsinki University of Technology. The diameters of the joints were 26, 28 and 32 mm. Visual examination and weighing of the components showed no wear. Scanning electron microscopy showed that (a) the wear marks were slight, consisting of removal of grains, multidirectional grooving and mild abrasion, (b) the wear mechanisms were similar to those seen in components removed from patients, and (c) there was no marked difference in the specimens worn in the uniaxial vs. three-axis simulator. The coefficient of friction was measured throughout the 5 million cycle wear test with the three-axis simulator. The average value was 0.007. We conclude that alumina/alumina joints had low wear and friction under the present test conditions. The results are promising, since minimal wear is one of the prerequisites for long-term success in prosthetic joints.

Aluminum Oxide↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Development of femoral head ossification in hip joint dysplasia and hip joint dislocation].

The occurrence and development of the ossification nucleus of the femoral head on X-ray films were studied in 85 children with hip joint dysplasia/dislocation. Delayed development was found to be related to treatment modalities or the severity of the dysplasia. Delayed development of the ossification nucleus of the femoral head is probably of considerable prognostic importance.

Child, Preschool↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[10 years experience with denervation of the hip joint capsule for treatment of canine hip joint dysplasia and arthrosis].

Denervation of the canine hip joint capsule is described as a surgical therapy method in the treatment of canine hip joint dysplasia and arthrosis. The goal of this operation is a removal of the pain immediately and a reactivation of the dynamic active component of the hip joint in moving the body forward. Simple removal of the periosteum of the craniolateral acetabulum edge destroys the rami articulares of the cranial glutaeal nerve and the rami articulares dorsalis of the sciatic nerve. Within 10 years now we performed the denervation of the canine hip joint capsule. Evaluation of the post operative clinical course in 269 cases revealed an impressive improvement of lameness due to pain relief in almost 92% of the cases.

Animals↗
PubMed1998

Three-dimensional pressure distribution of the human hip joint--comparison between normal hips and dysplastic hips.

We developed a system for analyzing the three-dimensional contact pressure distribution in the human hip joint. Hip joint images obtained by computed tomography were loaded into a computer, and the articular surface was reconstructed as a three-dimensional polygonal model. The pressure distribution of this hip model was then analyzed using a rigid-body spring model. Using this system, the three-dimensional pressure distribution in dysplastic hips was compared with that in normal hips. Seven dysplastic hips and five normal hips were analyzed. In the dysplastic hips, the maximum peak pressure was 5.3 MPa, while it was 2.5 MPa in the normal hips. The peak pressure was located at the edge of the acetabulum in the dysplastic hips. This system allowed us to easily and accurately evaluate the mechanical status of the hip joint. For individual patients, the clinical course could be easily predicted and various treatment methods could be examined preoperatively.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

Radiographic and non-invasive determination of the hip joint center location: effect on hip joint moments.

OBJECTIVE: To determine which of four non-invasive measures is most accurate in locating the hip joint center. BACKGROUND: The location of the joint centers must be accurately determined in three dimensions for calculation of the moments of force during gait. It is not known which of the several non-invasive methods available for location of the hip center is most accurate. DESIGN: Hip center location was determined using standardized X-rays and four non-invasive methods which utilized measured distances between bony landmarks in 10 healthy subjects. Hip moments during gait were obtained from optical tracking, force plate and anthropometric data. RESULTS: The most accurate non-invasive method of locating the hip center was by taking the midpoint of a line connecting the antero-superior iliac spine and the symphysis pubis and moving inferiorly 2 cm. Using this approach the hip center was located 0.7 cm medial and 0.8 cm superior to its true location determined using the standardized X-rays. The 95% confidence interval of the maximum error difference in moments measured between this method and the standardized X-rays ranged from -0.15 to 0.4 Nm/kg in the frontal plane, -0.03 to 0.07 Nm/kg in the sagittal plane and -0.05 to -0.03 Nm/kg in the transverse plane. CONCLUSIONS: Locating the hip center based on the distance between the antero-superior iliac spine and the symphysis pubis is a valid technique for estimating the hip center in routine gait analysis.

Aged↗
PubMed1994

Postoperative sciatic and femoral nerve palsy with reference to leg lengthening and medialization/lateralization of the hip joint following total hip arthroplasty.

The radiographs and prospective records of 1284 (1152 primary and 135 revisions) Charnley low friction arthroplasties performed by one surgeon were studied in reference to postoperative elongation of the limb and lateralization or medialization of the center of rotation of the hip joint and their effect on postoperative nerve palsy. Displacement of the center of the hip joint in relation to fixed points on the pelvis was measured. In primary low friction arthroplasties, leg lengthening ranged from 0.4 to 4 cm; in the revision group, they ranged from 0.04 to 5.8 cm. Sixty-six hips were lengthened more than 2 cm. The center of rotation of the hip was lateralized in 18.1% of cases and medialized in 61.9%. A single case of postoperative sciatic nerve palsy (the result of laceration of the sciatic nerve at surgery) was identified. These study results indicate that nerve injuries after total hip arthroplasty may be caused by local insult, and may not be related to elongation of the limb or postoperative alteration of the center of rotation of the hip.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1999

[Reconstruction of hip joint function: old fracture-dislocation of hip joint complicated with deformed healing of upper 1/3 of fractured femur--a case report].

OBJECTIVE: To explore a method of reconstruction of hip joint function after deformed healing of the upper 1/3 of fractured femur as a complication of old fracture dislocation of hip joint. METHODS: A patient with loss of function in hip joint and fusion of knee joint was treated with lock for femur intra-medullary fixation in April 1997. RESULTS: Before operation, the diseased hip joint lost its most functions and the entire lower extremity was disabled because the knee joint had been fused. One year after operation, the follow-up examination revealed that the patient could walk by crutches without discomfort, his daily life and work recovered to normal. CONCLUSION: It is effective to treat a patient suffering old fracture-dislocation of hip joint complicated with deformed healing of the upper 1/3 of fractured femur by means of individualized artificial joint replacement and a prosthesis body with lock for femur intra-medullary fixation, and it is helpful for the development of a new clinical idea to reconstruct functions in the management of some particular cases.

Accidents, Traffic↗