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PubMedDate not supplied

Basophil degranulation test in house dust mite allergy: diagnostic value.

After reviewing the experience of various authors we applied the Basophil Degranulation Test (BDT) in the study of sensitization to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, so as to evaluate its diagnostic use. Fifty-five patients with asthma and/or rhinitis and a positive skin test to the mentioned antigen, as well as 20 control subjects were studied. The results demonstrated a sensitivity of 65.5% and a specificity of 80% with an efficiency index of 69.5%. We did not find any significant correlation with the histamine release test (r = 0.236). The data obtained and the proper limitations of the technique led us to consider the BDT to have a limited application in routine allergy diagnosis.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

The human basophil degranulation test as an in vitro method for the diagnosis of allergies.

We have designed a human basophil degranulation test based on a one-step method of basophil staining after exposure to a specific allergen. This very simple test is now commercially available as a ready-to-use kit. It explores the allergic sensitivity at the cellular level, probably through IgE-dependent sensitization of the basophil. It positively correlates with histamine release and radioallergosorbent test (RAST). It detects sensitivity to common allergens and to chemical and food products as well. In its present state, the test provides a simple, inexpensive specific means for in vitro diagnosis of allergic diseases. Recently, it has been further developed to be performed on the automatic Hemalog D Technicon machine.

Allergens↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Human basophil degranulation test. Results of a modified technic (I)].

The degranulation of human basophils towards antigenic substances, to which they must be previously sensitized as a result of the antigen-antibody union at the membrane level, is a phenomenon that has an important application complementing diagnosis of diseases mediated by the Gell and Coombs classification of Type I Hypersensitivity, on which the principle of Human Basophils Degranulation Test (HBDT) was based. An essential requirement is to be able to collect an adequate quantity of basophils, as well as the visualization by means of a technique of convenient stain. In this work, we show a modified HBDT technique for basophil granulocytes staining. A total of 33 HBDT was carried out on patients sensitive to grass pollen and/or Olea europea pollen and/or D. pteronyssinus, and as controls, HBDT was done on healthy individuals with negative clinical history. Basophil enrichemnt from the circulating blood sample was done by means of centrifugation in Percoll density gradients of 1072, 1076, 1080 and 1082, and we obtained a higher number of basophils with a density of 1080 at 400 Xg for 30 minutes. The cellular bottom was resuspended in 600 microliters of PBS. We employed lyophilized antigenic extracts from grass pollen, Olea europea and D. pteronyssinus, employing weight/volume concentration of 10(-4), 10(-5), 10(-6) and 10(-7). The optimum dilutions were 10(-5) for grass pollen and D. pteronyssinus.

Allergens↗
PubMed1984

Evaluation of the human basophil degranulation test using the commercially available Baso-kit as a test of immediate-type hypersensitivity in hay-fever sufferers.

The basophil degranulation test (BDT) has failed to gain popular acceptance as a test of immediate-type hypersensitivity since its introduction in clinical medicine in 1961. Recent modification of this technique, however, seemed to have increased its reliability. We have studied a group of twenty-five hay-fever sufferers and a similar age- and sex-matched group of healthy controls to compare the sensitivity of a newly available commercial BDT kit (Baso-kit, Laboratoire des Stallergenes) with specific serum IgE levels and skin-prick tests to meadow-grass pollen. A quantitative correlation was found between the positive BDT (greater than 30% degranulation) and the skin tests, whereas only a qualitative relationship was obtained with specific IgE concentrations. The BDT also identified two subpopulations of responders and non-responders among a third group of hay-fever subjects who had previously been hyposensitized to mixed grass pollen. We conclude that the modified BDT provides a worthwhile addition to the in vitro testing of immediate-type hypersensitivity states.

Basophils↗
PubMed1982

[The comparative value of the human basophil degranulation test and classical serology (immunofluorescence, haemagglutination, electrosyneresis, Vogel and Minning's Test) in the diagnosis of bilharzioses due to Schistosoma mansoni and Schistosoma haematobium].

The Human Basophil Degranulation Test (HBDT), using Benveniste's technique, was compared to four serological techniques in a group of 42 cases of intestinal and urinary bilharziosis: indirect immunofluorescence, passive haemagglutination, electrosyneresis, and Vogel and Minning's test. The HBDT proved to be 88% more sensitive than each of the other techniques. It showed excellent specificity in a group of 32 negative controls, allergic subjects or patients with other helminth infestations. This study establishes the HBDT as one of the best immunological diagnostic tests of bilharziosis. However, the HBDT is not quantitative and only indicates reaginic sensitivity. It should be used together with tests of humoral immunity.

Antibody Formation↗
PubMed1981

[The value of the basophil degranulation test on the study of hypersensitivity reactions to iodinated contrast media].

The ability of basophils and tissue mastocytes activated by sensitised IgE antibodies to release mediators in the presence of the specific antigen underlies immediate hypersensitivity reactions. This phenomenon can be explored by the in vitro basophil degranulation test adopted not only in experimental pathology, but in human allergological pathology and in the study of post-streptococcal and lupus glomerulonephritis. The test has been carried out to analyse sensitisation to iodate contrast media in 71 patients already submitted to contrastography, 37 of whom had given evidence of allergic reactions. All patients with a previous history of sensitisation presented, in vitro, a positive reaction (56 + 15.3% degranulation) in the presence of the contrast medium. Against this, none of the patients with negative test presented an allergic reaction during contrastography. Stress is laid on the practical importance of the test prior to performance of contrastography so as to predict possible sensitisation and select the most suitable medium.

Basophils↗
PubMed1987

[Comparative study of the human basophil degranulation test and total and specific IgE levels in schistosomiasis. 54 cases].

In 54 patients (45 Africans and 9 West-Indians) we searched schistosomiasis and the presence of immunoglobulins E by different tests (total immunoglobulin E levels, measurement of specific IgE, human basophil degranulation test). In patients with an excretion of living eggs we observed 91.6% of positive responses for the II. B. D. T. and 100% for the specific IgE. In cases only identified by examination of rectal mucosa biopsy specimens showing apparently living eggs, we observed 75% and 87.5% of positive responses for the same tests. But in both categories of patients, the parasitological examination is the most important. Moreover the authors observed "false-positive" and "false negative" tests compared with the parasitological results and between the tests. It suggests that the best use of these is in case of very probable schistosomiasis without positive parasitological results.

Africa↗
PubMed1984

[Frequent positivity of the human basophil degranulation test in idiopathic nephrotic syndromes (minimal glomerular changes and segmental and focal glomerulosclerosis)].

Atopic factors play an important role in minimal changes idiopathic nephrotic syndrome ( MCINS ). We therefore studied human basophil degranulation test ( HBDT ) in MCINS and also in patients with segmental and focal glomerulosclerosis ( SFGSNS ) whose relation with MCINS is debated. HBDT was performed with 5 or 6 allergens chosen according to the history of patients and results of cutaneous tests. HBDT was positive in 16 out of 28 MCINS and in 14 among 18 SFGSNS subjects. The difference versus 29 Immune Complex glomerulonephritis and 11 blood donors was significant with the chi 2 test. Because the basophil count was low (less than 10/microliter) in 5 cases, 4 of which had a severe nephrotic syndrome, the HBDT was performed later. The allergen most frequently involved was house dust. This was responsible for a significant degranulation in 10 MCINS (45%) and in 11 SFGSNS (68%) patients; degranulation was obtained more frequently with 2 allergens than with a single one. Obviously such a basophil sensitisation does not prove the responsibility of these allergens.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[Basophil degranulation test (BDT) as a parameter of hyposensitization with Hymenoptera venoms].

In a population of 24 insect sting allergy patients undergoing venom immunotherapy the basophil degranulation test (BDT) in the patient sera ("unwashed" BDT) and with washed leukocytes ("washed" BDT) after incubation with bee and wasp (yellow jacket) venom was performed before and during treatment. Venom specific IgE and IgG antibodies, detected by means of RAST, were also monitored. The "unwashed" BDT usually became negative within 6-9 months of beginning immunotherapy, whereas the IgE-RAST was still clearly positive. This was attributed to the blocking influence of the venom specific IgG antibodies induced by the venom therapy. In fact, at this time the BDT with "washed" blood leukocytes, i.e. after elimination of the serum antibodies, was generally still positive. Only during further immunotherapy did cellular sensitization in the "washed" BDT gradually disappear, whereas the IgE-RAST usually turned out weakly positive. A third of the patients showed simultaneously negative results of "unwashed" and "washed" BDT, independently of venom specific IgE and IgG levels. These findings suggest a specific reactivity change of the blood basophils (cellular desensitization) induced by the immunotherapy. The BDT can be used as an immunological parameter for IgG-monitoring of the course of venom immunotherapy and--in addition to skin tests and IgE-RAST--as a further criterion for deciding to stop venom therapy if it turns negative with the washed cells.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1987

[The basophil degranulation test in the diagnosis of Hymenoptera sting allergy].

In 98 patients with a suspected immediate type allergy to hymenoptera stings, skin tests (ST) with venom extracts, RAST determinations of venom specific serum IgE antibodies and basophil degranulation tests (BDT) with unwashed leukocytes were performed. BDT is a technically simple in-vitro method for detecting cell fixed IgE without risk for the patient. The specificity of BDT was investigated in a group of 10 controls not allergic to insect stings, of whom 7 were atopics. A good correlation could be demonstrated between BDT and the histamine release test (HRT), which was performed in the Institute for Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Inselspital, Bern. For the detection of a sensitization to insect venoms, ST with venom extracts were the most sensitive, followed by RAST and BDT; in patients whose allergic sting reactions dated back some time BDT was more frequently positive than RAST, which measures excessive serum IgE and not cell bound IgE responsible for the clinical symptomatology. As BDT--in the presence of patient serum--reflects the influences of different humoral (specific IgE, specific IgG) and cellular factors ("releasability"), it seems more appropriate to the actual clinical allergy situation than ST or RAST. Some case reports are presented to illustrate this. However, BDT does not represent an alternative to ST or RAST but a significant complement in diagnostically unclear cases and an aid in deciding to start specific venom immunotherapy, if history, ST and RAST are not sufficient. An appropriate score system ist proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

[The human basophil degranulation test. Attempt at determining its reliability].

A single-blind assay was made between a laboratory in Paris and our own, in order to assess objectively the Human Basophil Degranulation test (TDBH). The study was made on 28 subjects. They presented with anaphylactic or systemic reactions to hymenoptera venom. The samples from these patients were sent to Paris without any other diagnostic information. Agreement of results between ANGERS and PARIS was very poor, at around 38.5%. Agreement between the TDBH at ANGERS and PARIS with other biological parameters and skin tests was also weak, at 41.7 to 55% in ANGERS and 45.8 to 58.3% in PARIS. The techniques used at ANGERS and PARIS were the same. Overall, TDBH does not seem to be either reliable or reproducible between two laboratories, in the special case of hypersensitivity to hymenoptera venoms.

Anaphylaxis↗