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PubMed2026

Does future-oriented imagery rescripting increase willingness to carry out a social anxiety-related behavioral experiment? An extended replication.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Mental images of threat are common in social anxiety disorder and could impede exposure to fear-relevant situations. Landkroon et al. (2022) found that imagery rescripting of anticipated future threat, compared to no-task, increases willingness of non-clinical individuals to conduct a social anxiety-related behavioral experiment. The aim of this two-day preregistered extended replication study was to examine whether the effects persist beyond the intervention session by scheduling the behavioral experiment 1-7 days after the intervention. METHODS: On Day 1, 60 pre-screened participants were asked to design a behavioral experiment to test an idiosyncratic negative belief about a feared social situation. They were then randomly assigned to imagery rescripting (focused on their worst feared outcome of the behavioral experiment) or no-task. Participants' willingness to do the behavioral experiment and their threat beliefs was measured. On Day 2, they were asked to carry out the behavioral experiment. RESULTS: The imagery rescripting group, compared to the control group, did not show increased willingness or compliance to do the behavioral experiment on Day 1 or 2. Furthermore, the imagery rescripting did not lead to greater reductions in threat beliefs on either day. LIMITATIONS: The quality of the imagery rescripting intervention was not assessed, and given the brief nature of the intervention, any effects may have dissipated before participants decided whether to carry out the behavioral experiment. CONCLUSIONS: There was no evidence that imagery rescripting leads to changes in willingness or compliance to do a fear-relevant behavioral experiment. More research is needed to examine interventions that can enhance exposure in socially anxious people.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Associations Between Antiparietal Cell Antibody Values and Atrophy in a South and Southeast Asian General Population.

GOALS: To investigate the association between atrophy severity and antiparietal cell antibody (APCA) levels in South and Southeast Asia. BACKGROUND: APCA is an autoantibody that damages gastric parietal cells; autoimmune gastritis (AIG) is a chronic gastric inflammatory disease related to APCA and severe predominant corpus atrophy. Although a positive APCA result is a key clinical diagnostic tool for AIG, its rates vary widely among ethnic groups, and its exact relationship with AIG and predominant corpus atrophy remains unclear. STUDY: Associations between histopathology-assessed and endoscopy-assessed atrophy, APCA positivity rates, Helicobacter pylori status, and pepsinogen levels were investigated in 1982 symptomatic patients from Vietnam, Thailand, Myanmar, Bangladesh, and Nepal. RESULTS: Overall, 38.5% of participants were negative for Helicobacter pylori infection, while 57.6% had a current infection. A positive APCA result, defined as a titer >10, was present in 44.0% of participants (95% confidence interval: 41.8%-46.3%, 873/1982). Pathologic atrophy, corpus atrophy, and predominant corpus atrophy were found in 8.7% (169/1982), 5.1% (101/1982), and 4.1% (81/1982) of participants, respectively. Positive APCA rates significantly differed among countries (10.6% to 63.8%, P <0.001). No significant correlation was found between APCA results and the presence or severity of atrophy. CONCLUSIONS: Although APCA positivity was high among symptomatic patients from South and Southeast Asian countries, few had severe predominant corpus atrophy or positive pepsinogen tests, which suggests a low rate of AIG in this population. Long-term surveillance of APCA-positive individuals is necessary to determine the clinical significance of a positive APCA result without AIG.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Ten years on, still out of reach: barriers to PrEP access and retention in France according to frontline actors (QualiPrEP Study).

Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) for HIV has been available in France since 2014, and reimbursed since 2016, with general practitioners allowed to prescribe it since 2021. Despite these policy advances, uptake remains low among some of the most affected populations. This community-based qualitative study explored barriers to PrEP access and retention ten years into its implementation.Interviews were conducted with 28 PrEP frontline actors (healthcare professionals and community-based workers involved in promoting, prescribing, or supporting PrEP). The sample included one group discussion (n = 5), two triads (n = 6), two dyads (n = 4), and nine individual interviews (n = 13). Thematic analysis was inductive, with barriers classified across four main domains.Participants were mostly cisgender men, median age 48, born in France and abroad, and employed by NGOs in Paris. Thirteen barriers and four major themes emerged: (1) Internal psychosocial barriers: lack of knowledge, negative health-related reactions; HIV stigma; STI risk perception, taboos; (2) Internal pragmatic barriers: perceived limits of protection, usage and follow-up constraints; (3) External psychosocial barriers: limited physician knowledge and reluctance; (4) External pragmatic barriers: communication failures; structural constraints, lack of human and financial resources.Findings call for more targeted messaging, simplified care models and provider training. They highlight the need to address social and symbolic dimensions of PrEP, with insights from those supporting users to ensure more equitable implementation.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Meta-analysis of growth and inactivation kinetics of Legionella.

Quantitative risk assessments intended to inform evidence-based water management plans and public health targets for Legionella in engineered water systems are constrained by fragmented and heterogeneous growth and inactivation kinetics. We conducted a meta-analysis of 25 growth and 39 thermal- and chemical-inactivation studies, fitting microbial persistence models to harmonize parameters. Nonlinear models outperformed first-order formulations, indicating that lag phases and resistant or protected subpopulations are central to Legionella persistence. Random forest analysis identified environmental and methodological drivers of variability based on 226 growth rates and reduction times for thermal (209) and chemical (135) inactivation. Growth was primarily governed by temperature, nutrient availability, and compatible Legionella-host pairings; thermal inactivation by quantification method, temperature, and turbidity; and chemical inactivation by inoculum size, disinfectant type, concentration, and host-associations. Accordingly, temperature-dependent growth parameters and exposure metrics for heat, free-chlorine, and monochloramine, expressed as TT (Temperature×time) and CT (Concentration×time), were derived as condition-specific inputs for predictive models. Growth optima around 37-40 °C, together with lag-time estimates, indicate that hot-water temperature setbacks and energy-saving practices may favor Legionella proliferation under repeated or prolonged lukewarm exposure. Culture- and viability-based TT differences highlight the need to consider viable‑but-non-culturable persistence in monitoring programs. CT comparisons suggest monochloramine may be advantageous because of its lower apparent sensitivity to host-associated protection. Although limited by restricted experimental conditions, the findings show that predictive models should account for microbial ecology, water matrix effects, and quantification endpoints. Future kinetic studies should prioritize realistic multi-host systems, strain pre-adaptation, complementary viability measurements, and standardized protocols and reporting to ensure reproducibility and enable robust system-level predictive modeling.

Legionella↗

PubMed2026

Fatty acids and breast cancer: Epidemiology, subtype-specific metabolism, immune regulation, and clinical translation.

Fatty acids (FAs) are bioactive dietary and metabolic molecules that participate in membrane architecture, energy homeostasis, inflammatory signaling, gene regulation and immune function, all of which intersect with breast cancer (BC) risk, progression and treatment response. In this narrative review we integrate epidemiological, clinical, translational and mechanistic evidence on the role of FAs in BC. Saturated, monounsaturated, trans- and polyunsaturated FAs (PUFAs) are treated as distinct biological exposures rather than interchangeable measures of total fat intake. Similarly, evidence from dietary assessment, circulating biomarkers, erythrocyte membrane composition, adipose tissue stores and tumor lipid signatures is interpreted separately, because each captures exposure and biology at a different level. BC subtypes differ in FA synthesis, uptake, oxidation, storage and remodeling: luminal tumors are frequently linked to hormone-regulated lipogenesis, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-positive tumors to growth-factor-driven lipid metabolism, and triple-negative tumors to exogenous FA uptake, inflammatory lipid mediators and ferroptosis-related vulnerabilities. FA-derived mediators also shape immune-cell polarization, cytokine signaling and the tumor microenvironment, and dietary FAs may reshape the gut microbiota; the fiber-derived short-chain FAs it produces, distinct from dietary FAs, likewise help regulate immune and inflammatory tone. Clinical data suggest possible roles for fat-quality modification and selected n-3 PUFA interventions, but findings are heterogeneous and not yet sufficient to support routine biomarker-guided precision onco-nutrition. Candidate biomarkers, such as erythrocyte n-6:n-3 composition, require prospective validation before clinical implementation. FA biology thus represents a modifiable but complex axis in BC prevention, tumor biology and supportive care.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Molecular diagnostic yield and barriers in inherited retinal diseases: a retrospective cohort study.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the diagnostic yield of panel-based genetic testing for inherited retinal diseases (IRDs) and identify barriers to molecular resolution. DESIGN: Retrospective cohort. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 404 patients with clinically confirmed IRDs who were evaluated at the Adult Inherited Retinal Dystrophy Service, Ontario, Canada (October 2021-September 2024). METHODS: Patients underwent targeted massive parallel sequencing panel testing. Diagnostic yield was calculated, and unresolved cases were reviewed. Associations between yield, phenotype, ethnicity, and sex were assessed using χ² analysis. RESULTS: Of 685 referrals, 570 had confirmed IRDs. After we excluded 140 pending results and 26 patients who declined testing, 404 patients were analyzed. At referral, 94 patients (23.2%) had a previous molecular diagnosis, and 138 (34.0%) were diagnosed through clinic-initiated testing, giving an overall yield of 57.4%. Yield varied significantly by phenotype (χ², P = 1.4 × 10⁻⁶), from 94.4% in vitelliform macular dystrophies to 25.0% in vitreoretinopathies, with no sex association (P = 1.0). Disease-causing variants were identified in 83 IRD-associated genes, most frequently ABCA4, USH2A, and BEST1. Of 172 unresolved cases, 62 (36.0%) had negative panels, and 110 (63.9%) were inconclusive, including 30 with unphased pathogenic variants in recessive genes and 10 with high-suspicion variants of uncertain significance. Key barriers included limited family availability for phasing, restricted access to functional assays, and lack of public coverage for whole-exome or whole-genome sequencing. CONCLUSIONS: Massive parallel sequencing-based panel testing achieved a 57% diagnostic yield in this IRD population. Success was strongly phenotype-dependent with substantial heterogeneity. Whole-exome sequencing, whole-genome sequencing, family segregation, and functional genomics could improve diagnostic outcomes and management.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Diagnostic accuracy of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid-based testing for pulmonary cryptococcosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: Pulmonary cryptococcosis(PC) presents diagnostic challenges because of its non-specific clinical and radiological manifestations. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF)-based testing, which includes latex agglutination (LA) and lateral flow assay (LFA), offers a minimally invasive diagnostic method, yet its pooled diagnostic accuracy remains unclear. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Scopus from inception to May 2026. Studies evaluating BALF-based testing for PC with extractable 2 × 2 data were included. The methodological quality of relevant studies was assessed by the QUADAS-2 tool. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, likelihood ratios, and diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) were estimated using a bivariate random-effects model. Subgroup analyses were performed by testing method and reference standard type. Heterogeneity was evaluated through paired forest plots, HSROC visualization, and exploratory bivariate meta-regression. RESULTS: The pooled sensitivity was 0.87 (95% CI: 0.81-0.91), and the specificity was 0.99 (95% CI: 0.982 - 0.995). The pooled positive likelihood ratio (PLR) was 88.00 (95% CI: 47.39 - 163.42), the negative likelihood ratio (NLR) was 0.13 (95% CI: 0.09 -0.20), and the DOR was 658.50 (95% CI: 285.36-1519.55). No significant threshold effect or publication bias was detected. Exploratory meta-regression suggested a possible assay-method effect in the joint model (P = 0.03), mainly driven by specificity (P = 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: The study demonstrates the high accuracy of CrAg in BALF for the diagnosis of pulmonary cryptococcosis, supporting its role as an important adjunctive diagnostic tool, particularly when tissue biopsy is not feasible or rapid results are needed. Larger prospective studies with standardized protocols are needed to validate these estimates.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Temporal Trends and Spatial Variation in Preterm Prelabour Rupture of Membranes: A Population-Based Study.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the temporal trends in Preterm prelabour rupture of membranes (PPROM) in metropolitan France and the geographical distribution at the administrative division level. DESIGN: Exploratory population-based study using administrative data of the French National Health Data System. SETTING: Metropolitan France, 2015 to 2023. POPULATION: Pregnancy with a diagnosis of PROM before 37 SA. METHODS: Annual crude incidence of PPROM was calculated by dividing the number of pregnancies with PPROM diagnosis by the number of live births recorded during the same period. Annual trend was estimated by a binomial negative mixed model. Smoothed standardised incidence ratios were estimated based on a BYM2 model, which accounts for spatial variability between departments. MAIN OUTCOME: PPROM cases, defined as pregnancies with first hospitalizations with a diagnosis of PROM before 37 weeks. RESULTS: Over the study period, we included 150 615 PPROM cases representing 16 735 (±596) per year. Incidence of PPROM cases showed an ascending trend over time (incidence rate ratio 1.023 per year; 95% CI: 1.017-1.030) with an annual crude incidence ranging from 2.2% in 2015 to 2.7% in 2023. A decrease in the incidence was observed in 2020 relative to other years (incidence rate ratio 0.903, 95% CI: 0.887-0.920). A map of smoothed SIRs of PPROM cases at the French administrative division level revealed geographical inequalities. CONCLUSIONS: This first population-based study describing PPROM cases in metropolitan France paves the way for further studies to explore environmental hypotheses. Identifying temporal and geographical disparities in PPROM incidence is relevant to public health policy and practice as such disparities argue for the development of targeted prevention strategies in high-risk areas.

French national health data system↗

PubMed2026

Transcriptomic insights into temperature regulation of proliferation and differentiation in skeletal muscle cells of Nibea albiflora.

Myogenesis involves sequential stages of muscle satellite cell activation, myoblast proliferation, differentiation, and fusion into multinucleated myotubes. Teleost muscle exhibits indeterminate growth and is highly sensitive to environmental temperature, yet the underlying mechanisms by which temperature regulate proliferation and differentiation remain poorly understood. In this study, we established a primary skeletal muscle cell culture from the yellow drum (Nibea albiflora), an economically important marine fish, and integrated morphological observations with comparative transcriptomics analysis to characterize cellular and molecular responses at 28 °C and 20 °C during both proliferation and differentiation stages. Phenotypic analysis revealed that 28 °C significantly enhanced both myoblast proliferation and myogenic differentiation ability compared with 20 °C. Transcriptomic profiling revealed that at 28 °C, differentiation upregulated extracellular matrix(ECM) organization, calcium signaling, and sarcomere assembly, while proliferation enhanced focal adhesion, growth factor signaling, and lipid metabolism. At 20 °C, differentiation was characterized by glutathione metabolism, and ferroptosis, while proliferation involved cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction and negative regulation of signal transduction. Core myogenic regulatory factors (MRFs), particularly myogenin, were strongly upregulated at 28 °C during the differentiation stage, serving as an internal control. Based on these findings, we propose a testable model that elevated temperature coordinates Ca2+-dependent MRF activation with ECM-integrin signaling to drive sarcomere assembly and muscle growth. Key differentially expressed genes (DEGs) regulating myogenesis in N. albiflora were also identified. This study provides a mechanistic framework for temperature adaptation in teleost skeletal muscle and identifies candidate genes for functional validation and marker-assisted selection, as well as a rationale for temperature management strategies to improve aquaculture yield of N. albiflora.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

A randomized study of antibiotic prophylaxis after hypospadias repair in children.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Antibiotic resistance is a challenge in contemporary world. Urethroplasty for hypospadias is one of the most common urological surgeries performed around the world, yet, there is still no consensus on the use of antibiotics pre- and post-operatively. Our objective was to analyze the effectiveness of antibiotic prophylaxis and therapy before, during, and after hypospadias repair in children. METHODS: A prospective randomized trial was carried out including patients with coronal hypospadias who underwent urethroplasty performed by one surgeon. Urethral catheters were used in all cases for 10 days. Study participants were randomly assigned in a 1:1:1 ratio to receive a single intraoperative administration of antibiotics (Group I); an intraoperative antibiotic prophylaxis and antibiotic therapy for 10 days until the removal of urethral catheter (Group II); no antibiotic administration (Group III). Randomization was performed using computer-generated permuted blocks with randomly varying block sizes, prepared by an independent statistician. The results were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA). The following criteria were compared: postoperative functional complications, such as: urethral fistula, stenosis, diverticulum; wound infection symptoms: hyperemia of surgical site, pain during palpation, and symptomatic urinary tract infection. RESULTS: A total of 300 patients were included in the study. Two patients (2%) in Group I, two patients (2%) in Group II, and four patients (4%) in Group III had urethral fistulas, requiring surgery 6 months after primary repair, yet without statistical difference between groups. We found no significant difference in frequency of symptomatic UTIs between three groups (p = 0.182). CONCLUSION: There is no effect of antibiotic prophylaxis and therapy on the frequency of postoperative surgical and infectious complications after urethroplasty for coronal hypospadias repair in children.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

TNF-NF-κB signaling mediates immune-biomineralization crosstalk during shell repair under ocean acidification in Mytilus edulis.

Ocean acidification (OA) impairs biomineralization in bivalves, but its effects on immune-biomineralization crosstalk during shell repair remain unknown. Here, we exposed adult Mytilus edulis bearing standardized shell perforations to three pH levels (8.1, 7.9, and 7.7) for up to 40 days. OA slowed early repair and caused microstructural disorganization and an approximately 87% reduction of compressive strength at pH 7.7, yet the damaged area appeared largely closed by day 15, suggesting a decoupling between morphological closure and functional recovery. In addition, transcriptomic profiling of hemocytes and mantle tissue, based on an average of 6.5 Gb of clean reads per sample mapped to the M. edulis reference genome (NCBI Assembly GCF_000511035.1), revealed that these shell-level defects were accompanied by coordinated immune and metabolic reprogramming. Hemocytes, the primary immune effector cells of bivalves, exhibited pH- and time-dependent shifts with moderate acidification (pH 7.9) promoting inflammatory transcripts, whereas severe acidification (pH 7.7) suppressed these signals while upregulating stress-associated pathways; both treatments consistently downregulated lysosomal proteases and NF-κB negative regulators. The mantle, a primarily mineralizing organ, paradoxically upregulated immune-related genes while suppressing oxidative phosphorylation and extracellular matrix pathways. This tissue-level imbalance, with hemocytes recruited but functionally constrained and mantle metabolically suppressed yet immunologically activated, points to TNF-NF-κB pathway modulation as a key mediator of shell repair under acidification. Our findings demonstrate that visible shell closure masks underlying structural and mechanical failure, and that immune regulation, rather than simple suppression or activation, critically shapes the repair outcome. These results advocate for multifunctional indicators beyond closure area to assess shell integrity in acidified marine environments.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Randomized study of the effects of testosterone administration on severity of asthma in horses.

BACKGROUND: Low testosterone concentrations are associated with poor lung function in human asthmatics, and androgen administration improves airway obstruction in women with asthma. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: Testosterone improves clinical scores, lung function, airway neutrophilia, and airway remodeling in horses with severe asthma. ANIMALS: Ten horses affected by severe asthma from a research herd. METHODS: In a randomized, blinded, crossover study, horses received dexamethasone (0.06 mg/kg PO q24h for 10 days) or a single intramuscular injection of testosterone cypionate (0.35 mg/kg), with a 2-week washout period. Clinical respiratory scores were assessed at days 0, 2, 5, and 10; lung function was evaluated at days 0, 5, and 10; and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cytology and central airway remodeling at days 0 and 10. Mixed linear models were used for analysis. RESULTS: The respiratory clinical scores improved with dexamethasone administration (median [95% CI], from 12 (9-13) to 5 (3-6), P < .001), and remained unchanged with testosterone administration (from 10 [8-12] to 9 [8-11], P = .6). Pulmonary elastance improved with both treatments, but the effect was more pronounced with dexamethasone administration (from 5.1 cm H2O/L [2.4-5.8] to 0.5 [0.4-0.8], P < .001) than with testosterone administration (from 4.5 cm H2O/L [1.6-8.5] to 3.0 [1.0-4.1], P = .04). Pleural pressure and pulmonary resistance decreased only with dexamethasone. Neither treatment altered airway neutrophilia or bronchial remodeling. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Testosterone is less effective than dexamethasone and only mildly improves pulmonary elastance in horses with severe asthma.

Animals↗

PubMed2026

Storm and Stress 2.0? A Dual-Factor, Person-Centered Analysis of Adolescent Well-being Across Two Year 7 Cohorts and Gender.

PURPOSE: Concerns about the mental health and well-being of younger generations is a recurring theme across countries and time. Adolescence is debated as a period of volatility ("storm and stress") or growth. Recent trends have reignited worries about youth mental health and well-being, particularly for females, and revived a deficit-based view of adolescence. To advance understanding, this study adopts a dual-factor approach that incorporates both negative and positive well-being domains. Mental health trends were compared across two grade-matched Australian adolescent cohorts assessed 5 years apart. METHODS: Data were drawn from cross-sectional cohorts of year 7 students (12-13 years) in one Australian jurisdiction: 2,085 in 2018 and 2,378 in 2023. Positive affect, happiness, resilience, depression, and anxiety were assessed using latent profile analysis to identify mental health profiles, which were then compared between cohorts and gender. RESULTS: Four profiles were identified: complete mental health, symptomatic but positive, resilient but disaffected, and troubled. Approximately 80% of students were classified in profiles reflecting some positive mental health. Between 2018 and 2023, the proportion with complete mental health declined by 7.93%, while those categorized as troubled increased by 4.76%. Declines were most pronounced among female students. DISCUSSION: Findings highlight both resilience and vulnerability in adolescent mental health. While most students continue to show positive well-being, the decline among females signals an urgent need for gender-sensitive approaches. At the same time, the results add nuance to accounts of a youth mental health 'crisis' to some degree, by highlighting positive domains of well-being which are often overlooked.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Herbicolin A, an antifungal lipopeptide produced by Pantoea agglomerans APC 4211 is a promising biocontrol agent against food spoilage fungi.

Fungal contamination of food with yeast and molds is associated with major economic losses due to spoilage and also poses health risks in the form of mycotoxin production. The strain Pantoea agglomerans APC 4211 isolated from leaves of Ilex aquifolium (holly tree) has broad spectrum antifungal activity against a variety of food spoilage fungi. Genomic analysis of the strain confirmed the presence of biosynthetic gene clusters potentially encoding for the enzymatic machinery required for the production of the antifungal lipopeptide herbicolin A. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) analysis of the cell-free supernatant (CFS) confirmed the presence of molecular masses corresponding to herbicolin A (1300.8 Da), and herbicolin B (1138 Da). Purified herbicolin A has desirable properties for biotechnological applications, including potent antifungal activity against a range of spoilage fungi, thermal stability and resistance to proteases. The lipopeptide has low cytotoxicity against epithelial cell lines and has minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) lower than those of some commercial antifungal drugs (0.2-2.5 mg/L). In a model dairy system (10% skim milk), herbicolin A demonstrated excellent solubility and stability, effectively eliminating Aspergillus niger and Penicillium notatum at a concentration of 5 mg/L. Overall, the study determines herbicolin's A spectrum against food spoilage organisms and examines potential applications in food. In conclusion, herbicolin A is a potent, naturally occurring antifungal agent with the potential to be applied as a biopreservative in food systems, providing a safe, clean-label, and efficient compound for synthetic preservatives replacement.

Pantoea↗

PubMed2026

MET expression by immunohistochemistry as a biomarker in pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours.

INTRODUCTION: MET (c-MET) is a receptor tyrosine kinase implicated in numerous cancers, including pancreatic neuroendocrine tumours (pNETs), by promoting cell proliferation, survival, invasion and angiogenesis. Recognizing its oncogenic potential, there is significant interest in MET-targeted therapies for malignancies like pNETs, which often develop treatment resistance. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) has become a practical method for detecting MET overexpression in cancers. This study evaluates MET expression in pNETs by IHC and assesses its correlation with prognostic variables and survival outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: Tissue microarrays containing well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumours from the gastrointestinal tract were analysed. The study included 125 pNET cores from 112 patients after application of inclusion criteria. MET expression was determined using the H-score system. Different variables were assessed for H-score distribution and cross-tables. Survival analyses were conducted based on progression-free survival and overall survival. Positive MET expression was found in 83.5% of cases. Higher MET H-scores were seen in patients with lymphovascular invasion (LVI), distant metastases and higher tumour grade (P < 0.05). When assessing different variables for higher MET H-scores, a significant association emerged at the 150-cut-off-point for LVI, perineural invasion, radiological evidence of progression and overall survival. For survival analysis, at a MET H-score threshold of 200, high MET expression was significantly associated with shorter progression-free survival (mean 8.7 versus 13.4 years, P < 0.05) and overall survival (mean 3.6 versus 7.7 years, P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Elevated MET expression is linked to adverse histopathological features and worse clinical outcomes in pNET. Standardizing MET IHC evaluation is critical as anti-MET therapies develop, and identifying patients likely to benefit from these treatments remains essential.

MET protein↗

PubMed2026

Diagnostic and prognostic value of fibroblast growth factor 23 in acute kidney injury: systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is associated with high mortality and adverse outcomes. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) has emerged as a potential biomarker for AKI; however, its diagnostic and prognostic utility remains inconsistent.Methods: We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies evaluating circulating intact FGF23 (iFGF23) or C-terminal FGF23 (cFGF23) (PROSPERO: CRD42022302659). PubMed, EMBASE, CNKI, and Wanfang databases were searched through June 9, 2026. QUADAS-2 was used for quality assessment. A random-effects bivariate model pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive/negative likelihood ratio (PLR/NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR), and area under the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC AUC).Results: Twenty-three studies were included: 17 diagnostic, 6 prognostic (one addressing both). For AKI diagnosis, the pooled sensitivity was 0.79 (95% CI 0.73-0.86), specificity 0.82 (95% CI 0.75-0.89), PLR 4.40 (95% CI 2.59-6.21), NLR 0.25 (95% CI 0.16-0.34), DOR 17.49 (95% CI 8.67-35.16), and SROC AUC 0.87 (95% CI 0.81-0.92). Substantial heterogeneity was observed (I2 = 67%), with iFGF23 demonstrating higher accuracy than cFGF23 (AUC 0.91 vs 0.81). For AKI mortality, pooled sensitivity was 0.77 (95% CI 0.69-0.84), specificity 0.76 (95% CI 0.70-0.82), DOR 10.89 (95% CI 6.86-17.30), and SROC AUC 0.77 (95% CI 0.70-0.83). Significant heterogeneity was noted (I2 = 86.2% for sensitivity, 80.4% for specificity). No significant publication bias was detected.Conclusions: Circulating FGF23 exhibits moderate-to-high diagnostic and moderate prognostic performance in AKI, though interpretation is limited by substantial heterogeneity. It may serve as a complementary biomarker for risk stratification, pending further validation with standardized protocols.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Distress Intolerance, Social Anxiety, and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescents: Evidence from Random-Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel and Cross-Lagged Panel Network Analyses.

Social anxiety and depressive symptoms frequently co-occur during adolescence, yet the mechanisms underlying their longitudinal associations remain insufficiently understood. Distress intolerance has been proposed as a transdiagnostic risk factor implicated across internalizing symptoms. However, it remains unclear whether distress intolerance is predicted by social anxiety and depressive symptoms, as well as the underlying mechanisms among these three constructs. The specific symptoms most centrally involved in these cross-domain associations remain poorly understood. The present study investigated the longitudinal associations among distress intolerance, social anxiety, and depressive symptoms using a dual-method framework combining random-intercept cross-lagged panel models (RI-CLPM) and cross-lagged panel network (CLPN) analyses. A total of 1,378 Chinese adolescents (Mage = 12.57, SDage = 0.63; 50.4% female) were assessed at three time points with six-month intervals between waves. The RI-CLPM analyses revealed that higher distress intolerance prospectively predicted subsequent increases in both social anxiety and depressive symptoms, whereas elevated social anxiety and depressive symptoms in turn predicted subsequent increases in distress intolerance. Moreover, distress intolerance mediated the longitudinal associations between social anxiety and depressive symptoms. Additionally, distress intolerance was also indirectly associated with its own subsequent levels through social anxiety and depressive symptoms. The CLPN analyses revealed that fear of negative evaluation and fatigue were the strongest predictors of other network nodes from T1 to T2 and from T2 to T3, respectively. In contrast, distress intolerance symptoms were predominantly predicted by other nodes in both cross-lagged networks. These findings extend prior views of distress intolerance as a unidirectional vulnerability by showing that distress intolerance is also predicted by social anxiety and depressive symptoms and accounts for part of their longitudinal associations across adolescence.

Humans↗

PubMed2026

Online Social Anxiety in the Digital Age: Transitions, Predictors, and Mental Health Associations in Emerging Adulthood.

BACKGROUND: Online social anxiety (OSA), a multidimensional form of social evaluative anxiety in online social contexts, disproportionately affects emerging adults who constitute the largest active group of media users and face heightened psychological sensitivity due to growing pressures and immature sociocognitive regulation during the transition to adulthood. However, its heterogeneity, transitions, and longitudinal associations with mental health outcomes remain underexplored. METHODS: This study utilized data from two waves of a three-wave longitudinal survey, with 849 Chinese participants (Meanage = 21.6 years; 50.4 percent female) assessed at 4-month intervals. Individuals were classified using latent profile analysis and the stability and changes of profiles were assessed via latent transition analysis (LTA). Multinomial logistic regressions were conducted separately at baseline and follow-up to identify correlates of profile membership. Predictors of profile transitions were examined using manual three-step LTA models, and associations between latent transition patterns and follow-up mental health outcomes were examined using BCH-LTA distal outcome analyses controlling for the corresponding baseline symptom level. RESULTS: Four profiles of OSA were identified: low, privacy-sensitive, moderate-high, and high OSA. Extreme profiles (low/high OSA) showed high stability (80.4 percent and 79.1 percent), while privacy-sensitive OSA exhibited the lowest stability (55.1 percent). Profile memberships were influenced by social-cognitive biases and digital interaction, particularly fear of negative evaluation and online interpersonal trust, whereas profile transitions were mainly associated with anxiety. Transitions toward less severe OSA profiles were generally associated with better subsequent mental health, whereas transitions toward more severe profiles corresponded to poorer outcomes, particularly for offline social anxiety. CONCLUSION: OSA was heterogeneous in its manifestation, severity and transitions. Personalized and early interventions targeting profile-specific vulnerabilities are critical to prevent the worsening of OSA and mitigate its psychological burden.

Humans↗