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At least 271 records · Page 15Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Digital/analog hybrid system for filing of endoscopic images.

A new system was developed for filing all the endoscopic images generated in our hospital. The system is composed of an on-line network for analog images supplied from the endoscopy stations and stored on 300 mm optical disks, on the one hand, and an off-line PACS for digital images recorded on a 130 mm magneto-optical disk (MOD) at each endoscopy station, on the other. For close examination of the images digital images are displayed from the MOD on a high-resolution computer graphic monitor, and for quick review of a large number of images, analog images are retrieved from the 300-mm optical disks. This system has been in clinical use at our university hospital for the past year and has proven useful for education of endoscopy, for the quality control of the endoscopy practice, and for the management of the patients.

Computer Systems↗
PubMed1980

Emergency medicine filing system.

The development of an organized filing system for referencing articles pertinent to emergency medicine is presented. This simple and flexible system allows for modification for the individual needs of the emergency physician.

Emergency Medicine↗
PubMed1978

Techniques for locating, filing, and retrieving scientific information.

Guidelines for improving the effectiveness and efficiency of conducting a search of scientific literature are presented. Initial leads can be gained by contacting a local expert or consulting a textbook. An impression of advances being made in a particular field can be gained efficiently by scanning weekly issues of Current Contents, containing the tables of contents of most scientific journals. Recent review articles on most topics can usually be found listed in the Index Medicus. With at least one significant reference dealing with a specific topic of interest, the Science Citation Index may be used to identify articles published during a particular indexing period which cited the article as a reference. Practical guidelines are also presented for establishing a simple but comprehensive personal system for filing and retrieving on demand reprints, pamphlets, and notes.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1987

A literature filing system in obstetrics and gynecology.

Standard indexes and classification systems are frequently overly complicated and inappropriate for organizing copies of articles and reprints in a personal literature file. Based on an analysis of the tables of contents from 11 publications in the field of obstetrics and gynecology, a classification system has been developed. The system allows for individual needs in categorizing subspecialty interests and for new developments in the field.

Filing↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Filing and processing systems of ultrasonic images in personal computers].

The paper covers the software pattern for the ultrasonic image filing and processing system. The system records images on a computer display in real time or still, processes them by local filtration techniques, makes different measurements and stores the findings in the graphic database. It is stressed that the database should be implemented as a network version.

Computer Communication Networks↗
PubMed1977

Personal medical reference files for family physicians.

Family practice has firmly accepted a leadership role in the establishment of practice indexing and control mechanisms for primary care practices and in the continuing education of primary care physicians. These independent programs logically interrelate if the International Classification of Health Problems in Primary Care (ICHPPC) mobidity coding index is adapted to the maintenance of personal reference and bibliographic files. The literature data base so developed then was direct and specific application to patient care situations, and to continuing education oriented around active case material, teaching, and research. Experience demonstrates a high degree of student responsiveness to such a reference resourse. Yet most receive no exposure to this basic tool throughout their entire medical school and specialty training. An inexpensive, simple system is proposed which can be expanded conveniently to any level of detail, cross-reference capability, and content. This has been found useful in teaching and practice and is well accepted by family medicine residents at the Geisinger Medical Center.

Abstracting and Indexing↗
PubMed1976

A teaching file, using 10 X 10 cm format copies.

A teaching file is of paramount importance for a teaching department. It should be easily accessible and readily available. Considerations of costs and available space influence the choice of film size for the copies. We have chosen for 10 X 10 cm copies, because the majority can be viewed by individuals on normal lightboxes, while for larger audiences various ways of projection are feasible. The possibility, offered by the Delcomat copying apparatus, of making copies of interesting parts of the original film in varying degrees of reduction in size, enhances the practicability of the method.

Filing↗
PubMed1989

Quantitative regional contraction analysis of cineventriculography: reporting, filing, and retrieval functions using a personal computer.

A new method for the semiobjective evaluation of left ventricular wall contraction is proposed that uses a percent reduction of areas. The calculation model uses orthogonal coordinates, an internal reference system, and the concept of nonuniform reduction of the cavity, with its obliteration at the apex. From a normal patient population (ten males, four females; aged 45 +/- 13 years), a "normal reference curve" of contraction was obtained. A second patient group (56 males, two females, aged 56 +/- 7 years) with definite contraction abnormalities was then analyzed. A third group (eight males, one female, aged 56 +/- 10 years) was studied before and after nifedipine administration (1 mg over 2 min IV). Specific algorithms compare individual patient contraction curves with the normal reference curve and compute the score point system of contraction analysis. Data are automatically codified and filed during introduction. This saves time and allows a rapid retrieval of data grouped under different coded features. These features include the location and type of wall contraction abnormalities. This method of reading ventriculograms has been shown to be in accordance with the diagnosis of experienced observers and can detect small contraction changes that are induced pharmacologically. The method is proposed as a valuable tool for semiobjective evaluation of left ventricle wall contraction and to facilitate data collection in multicenter collaborative studies.

Algorithms↗
PubMed1990

Introduction to flow cytometry data file standard.

The Data File Standards Committee of the Society for Analytical Cytology presents a Standard to be used for the storage of data associated with flow cytometric measurements. The Standard specifies a format that provides for the inclusion of all information necessary to fully describe: 1) the instrument used for the measurement; 2) the sample measured; 3) the data obtained; and 4) the results of analysis of the data. The Committee and the Society for Analytical Cytology point out that the use of this Standard by all those individuals and companies that generate or use data taken with flow cytometers or generate methods of analysis for the data will encourage the sharing of such data and methods of analysis.

Flow Cytometry↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Probabilistic linkage of large public health data files.

Probabilistic linkage technology makes it feasible and efficient to link large public health databases in a statistically justifiable manner. The problem addressed by the methodology is that of matching two files of individual data under conditions of uncertainty. Each field is subject to error which is measured by the probability that the field agrees given a record pair matches (called the m probability) and probabilities of chance agreement of its value states (called the u probability). Fellegi and Sunter pioneered record linkage theory. Advances in methodology include use of an EM algorithm for parameter estimation, optimization of matches by means of a linear sum assignment program, and more recently, a probability model that addresses both m and u probabilities for all value states of a field. This provides a means for obtaining greater precision from non-uniformly distributed fields, without the theoretical complications arising from frequency-based matching alone. The model includes an iterative parameter estimation procedure that is more robust than pre-match estimation techniques. The methodology was originally developed and tested by the author at the U.S. Census Bureau for census undercount estimation. The more recent advances and a new generalized software system were tested and validated by linking highway crashes to Emergency Medical Service (EMS) reports and to hospital admission records for the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA).

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

Evaluating the quality of anonymous record linkage using deterministic procedures with the New York State AIDS registry and a hospital discharge file.

Linkage of same-person records across multiple databases relies on high-quality, uniformly available identifying information. These data quality issues become increasingly important when personal names are not available for record linkage. Using deterministic decision criteria, we linked records from two population-based files in the absence of personal names. The sensitivity of anonymous record linkage procedures ranged from 32 to 85 per cent for the two years studied, and the positive predictive value (PPV) ranged from 14 to 99 per cent. Decreasing sensitivity and PPV were primarily attributed to (1) errors in computerized identifying information and (2) the deterministic decision criteria specified for record linkage. An evaluation of the contribution of personal names to the quality of record linkage found no measurable impact.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome↗
PubMed1989

Vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive nerves in the pulmonary vasculature of the aquatic file snake Acrochordus granulatus.

The indirect immunofluorescence technique was used to determine the distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive and somatostatin-immunoreactive axons in the pulmonary vasculature of the aquatic file snake Acrochordus granulatus. A dense distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive axons was found on the common pulmonary artery, the anterior and posterior pulmonary arteries, and the smaller arteries branching to the lung. The density of these axons appeared greater in arterial preparations taken from more distal regions of the lung. The densest distribution of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive axons was observed on the larger pulmonary veins in all regions of the lung. These axons were observed on the larger veins within the lung parenchyma but not on the smaller veins. Axons and cell bodies were observed in the vagal nerve trunks which run parallel to the pulmonary arteries and veins. In contrast, no somatostatin-immunoreactive axons were observed in any region of the pulmonary vasculature. It is proposed that the perivascular plexus of vasoactive intestinal polypeptide-immunoreactive axons may represent part or all of the vagal postganglionic innervation of the pulmonary vasculature.

Animals↗
PubMed1989

Adrenergic nerves and 5-hydroxytryptamine-containing cells in the pulmonary vasculature of the aquatic file snake Acrochordus granulatus.

The adrenergic innervation of the pulmonary vasculature of the file snake Acrochordus granulatus was examined by use of glyoxylic acid-induced fluorescence. Perivascular plexuses of blue-green fluorescent nerves are observed around the common pulmonary artery, the anterior and posterior pulmonary arteries, the arterioles leading to the gas exchange capillaries of the lung, the venules draining the lung, and the anterior and posterior pulmonary veins. Adrenergic nerves are also associated with the visceral smooth muscle of the lung septa and other tissues. Thus, adrenergic control of pulmonary blood flow may occur either at the common pulmonary artery or more regionally within the lung. Regional control of blood flow in the elongate lung of this snake may be important in matching pulmonary perfusion with the distribution of respiratory gas. Glyoxylic acid-histochemistry and immunohistochemistry revealed that populations of cells located in the common pulmonary artery contain the indoleamine 5-hydroxytryptamine. Many of the cells are intimately associated with varicose blue-green fluorescent nerves. It is proposed that the 5-hydroxytryptamine-containing cells may be involved in intravascular chemoreception.

Adrenergic Fibers↗
PubMed1996

Statistical analysis of a large file of data from STR profiles of British Caucasians to support forensic casework.

Data from nearly 2500 British Caucasians, profiled using an STR quadruplex, have been analysed. The data came from several laboratories and represent samples from different geographical distributions. Analysis of the combined files shows that previous reports of failed independence tests were the results of sampling effects. A further convincing proof is given of the robustness of the statistical methods used to estimate evidential value in casework. Comparisons between different samples show that regional effects between Scotland and the South of England have no importance from the forensic viewpoint.

Adult↗
PubMed1988

Using word processor text files as an active bibliography.

Data base systems for microcomputers are generally available. Most are reasonable priced and easy to use. Their disadvantages are restrictions placed on the amount of data stored in a single field, and the output format--usually tabular or label in style. This article describes the use of word processor text files as a data base allowing search and retrieval, with special reference to abstracting and storage of literature citations. Size of text entry and ultimate output format are extremely flexible using this method.

Information Systems↗
PubMed1986

Single-file diffusion through K+ channels in frog skin epithelium.

The ratio between the unidirectional fluxes of K+ across the frog skin with K-permeable outer membranes was determined in the absence of Na+ in the apical solutions. The experiments were performed under presteady-state conditions to be able to separate the flux ratio for K+ through the cells from contributions to the fluxes through extracellular leaks. The cellular flux ratio deviated strongly from the value calculated from the flux ratio for electrodiffusion. The experiments can be explained if the passive K transport through the epithelial cells proceeds through specific channels by single-file diffusion with a flux ratio exponent of about 2.5.

Animals↗
PubMed1982

Single-file diffusion multi-ion mechanism of permeation in paracellular epithelial channels.

The transepithelial fluxes, conductances and permeabilities of Li+, Na+, K+, Cs+, NH4+ and H3CNH3+ were studied under ionic concentrations ranging from 12 to 250 mM in Bufo arenarum gallbladders. When these measurements are carefully corrected in order to get only the component due to the paracellular cation channels, the following results are obtained: (1) The permeability ratios (cationic/anionic) are a decreasing function of salt concentration. (2) The partial conductances through paracellular cationic channels show nonlinear saturable concentration kinetics. (3) Moreover, partial conductance kinetics of K+, Cs+ and NH4+ present a maximum followed, at higher concentrations, by a negative-slope region. (4) The selectivity sequences obtained from biionic potentials do not agree with those obtained from partial conductance measurements. (5) The unidirectional 22Na tracer flux (serosal to mucosal) is inhibited by 63% when the K+ symmetrical concentration in the bathing solutions is raised from 25 to 200 mM. (6) When the unidirectional 42K fluxes (serosal to mucosal) at 200 mM KCl Na-free solutions are compared with K+ partial conductance by means of the Hodgkin and Keynes (Hodgkin, A.L., Keynes, R.D. 1955, J. Physiol London 128:61-88) expression, the n' factor is 2.0. These results indicate that cations do not follow the independence principle and behave as in single-file diffusion multi-ion pores when crossing the paracellular cation channels of Bufo arenarum gallbladder epithelium.

Animals↗
PubMed1985

Single-file diffusion through the Ca2+-activated K+ channel of human red cells.

The ratio between the unidirectional fluxes through the Ca2+-activated K+-specific ion channel of the human red cell membrane has been determined as a function of the driving force (Vm-EK). Net effluxes and 42K influxes were determined during an initial period of approximately 90 sec on cells which had been depleted of ATP and loaded with Ca. The cells were suspended in buffer-free salt solutions in the presence of 20 microM of the protonophore CCCP, monitoring in this way changes in membrane potential as changes in extracellular pH. (Vm-EK) was varied at constant EK by varying the Nernst potential and the conductance of the anion and the conductance of the potassium ion. In another series of experiments EK was varied by suspending cells in salt solutions with different K+ concentrations. At high extracellular K+ concentrations both of the unidirectional fluxes were determined as 42K in- and effluxes in pairs of parallel experiments. Within a range of (Vm-EK) of -6 to 90 mV the ratio between the unidirectional fluxes deviated strongly from the values predicted by Ussing's flux ratio equation. The Ca2+-activated K+ channel of the human red cell membrane showed single-file diffusion with a flux ratio exponent n of 2.7. The magnitude of n was independent of the driving force (Vm-EK), independent of Vm and independent of the conductance gK.

Adenosine Triphosphate↗