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Results for “primary angle-closure glaucoma”

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At least 235 records · Page 13Linked to original sources
PubMed1989

[Effects of combined instillation of dapiprazole and epinephrine on human anterior chamber depth, intraocular pressure and pupil diameter].

Pilocarpine, a first choice drug for primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), is reported to produce shallow anterior chamber and posterior synechia and consequently a small immobile pupil. In this paper, dapiprazole, a newly synthesized alpha 1 blocker, was given topically in combination with epinephrine eye drops to 15 healthy volunteers and 10 patients with PACG. In both volunteers and patients, the treated eyes revealed deeper anterior chambers, thinner lenses and significant IOP reduction after the combined instillation of dapiprazole and epinephrine. Though light reaction was preserved, mild miosis was observed in volunteers, but no pupillary change in patients. The conjunctival hyperemia induced by dapiprazole was reversed by additional instillation of epinephrine. Burning sensation was the only side effect observed after instillation of dapiprazole. In conclusion, the combined instillation of dapiprazole and epinephrine appears to be a good choice for the therapy of PACG.

Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists↗
PubMed1989

[Relation between optic disk changes and visual fields and the intraocular pressure values in primary glaucoma].

On the basis of archival records of 1463 patients treated in the period 1964-1986 the author isolated the cases of primary open angle glaucoma (2248 eyes) and closed angle glaucoma (333 eyes). The influence of the intraocular pressure on the grade of damage done to the nervous fibres and manifesting itself by pathological changes of the optic disc and visual field was analyzed. It was discovered that this influence was statistically significant especially in cases of closed angle glaucoma.

Glaucoma, Angle-Closure↗
PubMed1989

[Relation between optic disk changes and visual fields and the outflow coefficient values in primary glaucoma].

On the basis of archival records of 1463 patients the author isolated the cases of primary open angle glaucoma (2248 eyes) and closed angle glaucoma (333 eyes). The influence of the outflow factor on the grade of damage of nervous fibres manifesting itself by changes in the optic disc and abnormalities of the visual field was analyzed. It showed that this influence was statistically significant especially in cases of closed angle glaucoma.

Aqueous Humor↗
PubMed1989

[A statistical comparison study of glaucoma in the Third Affiliated Hospital of China Medical College and Kyushu University].

We classified 331 glaucoma patients who visited the eye clinic of the Third Affiliated Hospital of China Medical College during the 2 year period from January 1985 to December 1986 according to the type of glaucoma. The results were compared with those obtained from 275 glaucoma patients who visited the eye clinic of Kyushu University during an overlapping period of 2 years, from January 1986 to December 1987. Patients with glaucoma were found to comprise 1.5% of the 22,869 outpatients in the Third Affiliated Hospital of China Medical College, and 1.8% of the 15,585 outpatients in Kyushu University. The distribution of various types was as follows: primary angle closure glaucoma (76.4%), primary open angle glaucoma (4.8%), secondary glaucoma (11.8%), exfoliation glaucoma (0) and congenital glaucoma (5.7%) in the Third Affiliated Hospital of China Medical College, and primary angle closure glaucoma (34.5%), primary open angle glaucoma (12.7%), secondary glaucoma (22.2%), exfoliation glaucoma (14.9%) and congenital glaucoma (10.9%) in Kyushu University. The present results suggest that the incidence of primary angle closure glaucoma in China is higher than in Japan, and that the incidence of primary angle closure glaucoma is higher than that of primary open angle glaucoma in these two countries. It is of interest that the high incidence of primary angle closure glaucoma in China and Japan coincides with the study in Canadian Eskimos. The incidences of secondary glaucoma and exfoliation glaucoma in Japan are higher than in China. This might be due to differences in diagnostic facilities in the two countries.

Adult↗
PubMed1978

[Trabeculectomy-iridencleisis combined with cataract extraction].

On 31 eyes (23 patients, average age 74 years) with cataract and primary open-angle or chronic angle-closure glaucoma modified trabeculectomy with lobelike iridencleisis was performed combined with cataract-extraction. They were followed up for periods between 6 months and 3 years. In 84% of cases the i.o. pressure continued to be normalized without further antiglaucomatous therapy, in 16% additional treatment with drugs achieved sufficient lowering of i.o. pressure. In nearly all of the cases I observed a diffuse, very flat filtering bleb. Gonioscopy shows, that filtering channels stay open along the margin of the imbedded iris flap. Complications were rare and demanded no further surgery.

Aged↗
PubMed1981

Trabeculectomy.

In a critical review of trabeculectomy, some factors and steps that I consider important for its successful outcome are discussed. Trabeculectomy is a misnomer, because the success of this procedure does not depend on inclusion of trabecular meshwork or Schlemm's canal in the excised tissue. Furthermore, development of a conjunctival bleb is seen in most, if not all, eyes with successful trabeculectomy. Trabeculectomy is, then, a form of guarded filtering procedure. Several factors seem to determine the outcome of the final intraocular pressure control after trabeculectomy. In this study, intracameral air injection and gauging of the closure of the lamellar scleral flap according to an air test during trabeculectomy proved very useful in attaining optimal closure of the lamellar scleral flap. It was effective in preventing undesirable postoperative complications as well as in achieving a satisfactory success rate. Trabeculectomy, as reported by others, seems to be a remarkably successful and safe procedure. However, the results in aphakic glaucoma are disappointing. From all indications at the present time, trabeculectomy will stay with us as a primary procedure for open-angle and chronic angle-closure glaucomas in adult phakic eyes, although we do not yet know how many of the eyes with seemingly successful trabeculectomies will remain healthy in the future.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[The classification of secondary glaucomas].

After the presentation of the most important types of secondary glaucomas, the author classified these glaucomas used the same aspect known at the primary glaucomas classification the aspect of the iridocorneal angle. In this classification the open angle secondary glaucoma has three clinical forms: with pretrabecular, trabecular and post-trabecular obstacle. The closed angle secondary glaucoma has also three forms: anterior, posterior and congenital.

Glaucoma, Angle-Closure↗
PubMed1995

Clinical studies of primary angle closure glaucoma.

The ocular anatomic features, pupil-blocking force, status of angle synechia closure and positivity of provocative tests were compared between the primary chronic angle closure glaucoma (PCACG) and primary acute angle closure glaucoma (PAACG) by ultrasonic biometry, computerized image processing technique of the anterior ocular segment, gonioscopy and provocative tests. The studies showed that the anterior chamber depth of PAACG was shallower than that of PCACG, the pupil-blocking force of PAACG was stronger than that of PCACG, the status of angle synechia closure of PCACG was mainly creeping synechia closure and the positivity of mydriasis test after iridectomy was much higher (37.93%) in PCACG than that (11.43%) in PAACG. These facts suggested that the mechanisms of the angle closure of more than half of PCACG cases be multiple, besides the mechanism of pupillary block. Therefore, the authors emphasize that the pupillary block must be eliminated as well as the other mechanisms for the treatment of PCACG. The criteria of diagnosis and principles of management of PCACG were proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

Mechanism and etiology of primary chronic angle closure glaucoma.

The ocular anatomic features, pupil-blocking force, status of angle synechiae closure and positivity of provocative tests were compared between the primary chronic angle closure glaucoma (PCACG) and primary acute angle closure glaucoma (PAACG) by using ultrasonic biometry, computerized anterior ocular segment image processing technique, gonioscopy and provocative tests. The studies showed that the anterior chamber depth of PAACG were shallower than that of PCACG; the pupil-blocking force of PAACG was stronger than that of PCACG; the status of angle synechiae closure of PCACG were mainly creeping synechiac closure; the positivity of mydriasis test was much higher (46.01%) in PCACG than that (6.8%) in PAACG after iridectomy. These facts suggest approximately half of the PCACG cases may be mult-mechanism to contribute to the angle closure besides the mechanism of pupillary block. Therefore, the authors emphasis that the pupillary block must be eliminated as well as the other mechanism for the treatment of PCACG and finally, a criteria of diagnosis and principles of management of PCACG were proposed.

Adult↗
PubMed1994

[A method of measuring iris radius by computerized image analysis].

A new method of measuring the iris contour has been set up with a personal computer. The model of a parabolic curve, an approximate mimic iris contour curve, was traced to define the profile contour of the iris from a photograph. A radius measured from the apex of the curvature of the parabola, named iris radius (IR), was calculated by a computer to describe the degree of the curvature of the iris contour. The iris radius of 93 eyes of 68 cases with early pupillary block primary angle closure glaucoma were measured by this method. The results show that the mean iris radius of cases with glaucoma is shorter than that of the normal age matched controls (53 cases 106 eyes) and there is statistical significant difference (P < 0.01). This method of measurement can be an effective method to further study the early diagnosis and pathogenic mechanism of the pupillary block angle closure glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[The intraocular pressure depressive effect of puerarin].

The IOP depressive effect of puerarin, a beta-receptor blocker, was found to be optimal at the concentration of 1% in animal experiments. Clinical trial use on glaucoma patients (80 cases, 143 eyes) demonstrated good IOP depressive effect on primary open--or closed-angle glaucoma and secondary glaucoma. For all types of glaucoma not satisfactorily controlled by conventional drugs such as timolol and pilocarpine or by operation, the addition of puerarin also yielded favorably results. The total effective rate was 70.63%. The raw herb is produced in quantity, hence puerarin is a promising agent for the treatment of glaucoma in China.

Adrenergic beta-Antagonists↗
PubMed1994

[Determination of thyroid hormones in patients with glaucoma].

Patients with closed-angle glaucoma develop dysthyrosis which is characterized by reduced blood serum levels of triiodothyronine (T3). Patients with an acute attack of primary closed-angle glaucoma present with oppositely changed levels of T3 and thyroxine (T4) as functions of acute attack duration. Arrest of an attack and subsequent therapy were conductive to normalization of T3 and T4 levels. Increased T4 level parallelled by reduced T3 concentration appears to be due to a significant stress of the thyroid system.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Narrow angle type of chronic simple glaucoma: a report of 9 cases].

Nine patients (16 eyes) with narrow angle type of chronic simple glaucoma were evaluated. Besides the general definition, narrow angle type of chronic simple glaucoma is a special type of primary open angle glaucoma which has a narrow and open angle on goniogscopy, no obvious difference on angle configuration at low or high IOP. Laser peripheral iridectomy may be a method of differential diagnosis in this type of glaucoma and may be relatively effective in preventing further attacks of acute angle closure glaucoma which is due to the lens continues to enlarge with age and causes pupillary block. The medical treatment is the first choice to deal with this type of glaucoma, while it can not be controlled, the filtering operations should be used in time.

Diagnosis, Differential↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Laser gonioplasty in the treatment of primary chronic closed angle glaucoma].

The aim of the study was to evaluate of Nd:YAG laser gonioplasty performed together with iridectomy in the patients with primary chronic closed angle glaucoma. The results were compared with those achieved in patients with the same disease in whom only Nd:YAG laser iridectomy was done. In the first group normalization of the intraocular pressure was achieved in 64% and in the second only in 29% of the eyes. The best results were observed in cases with duration of the glaucoma less than 2 years and with intraocular pressure before treatment lower than 38 mmHg.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Efficacy of argon and Nd:YAG laser combined in the treatment of primary chronic closed-angle glaucoma].

22 cases (29 eyes) of primary chronic closed-angle glaucoma were treated with Argon laser gonioplasty (ALG) and Nd:YAG laser iridectomy. Among 8 eyes in which the closed-angle was not opened by ALG, Nd:YAG laser gonioplasty was added, and 6 eyes became successful. For 9 eyes in which the IOP failed to drop inspite of the opened anterior chamber angle, Argon laser trabeculoplasty was added to bring remarkable curative effects to 7 eyes. During a follow-up of 5 to 14 months, 25 eyes (86%) obtained satisfactory results.

Chronic Disease↗
PubMed1993

Ultrasonic evaluation of the lens thickness to axial length factor in primary closure angle glaucoma.

Ultrasonic biometry was done in 232 normal eyes and 138 eyes with primary angle closure glaucoma (ACG), using Ultrascan Digital B System IV (10 MHz). The ratio between the lens thickness and the axial length (lens thickness to axial length factor, LAF) was evaluated as a biometric index for assessing the eye with primary ACG in Chinese. LAF of 2.00 was found to be ideal point of demarcation between ACG and normal eyes (i.e., lens thickness equals to 1/5 of axial length). It appears that LAF is helpful in screening primary ACG eyes from eyes of the general population. This is similar to the anterior chamber depth of 2.5 mm which is recognized as a threshold for the occurrence of primary angle closure glaucoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[A histological study on peripheral iris in primary angle closure glaucoma].

Iris specimens obtained during the peripheral iridectomy in 12 cases (18 eyes) of primary angle closure glaucoma were studied histologically. The iris specimens taken during the senile cataract extraction in otherwise normal eyes were used as controls. The remarkable differences of the two groups are the changes of the quality and quantity of the mitochondria in the cells of iris tissue. The changes in primary glaucoma, especially in the intermittent stage of the angle closure glaucoma, were found in the mitochondria of the cells.

Glaucoma, Angle-Closure↗