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Results for “LIPOIDOSIS”

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At least 181 records · Page 10Linked to original sources
PubMed1984

[Decrease in the lipid content of human atherosclerotic aorta cells as affected by compounds increasing the intracellular level of cyclic AMP].

A study was made of the effect of cholera toxin, an adenylate cyclase activator, and methylisobutylxanthine, an inhibitor of cAMP phosphodiesterase, on the content of main class lipids in intimal cells isolated from unaffected and atherosclerotic areas of the human aorta in primary culture. Both the agents did not change the content of lipids in the cells obtained from the normal intima. Cholera toxin and methylisobutylxanthine decreased the levels of cholesterol esters and triglycerides in the cells isolated from fatty layers and atherosclerotic patches. The agents under study did not produce any influence on the levels of phospholipids and free cholesterol in all cases investigated. It is assumed that compounds that increase intracellular cAMP may contribute to lipoidosis diminution in vivo.

1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Cutaneous-mucous hyalinosis (Urbach-Wiethe disease). Histologic and ultrastructural study of a case].

Hyalinosis cutis et mucosae is a rare genetic disorder, primarily involving skin and mucous membranes, that has been described under various titles as lipoidosis lipoproteinosis and Urbach-Wiethe disease. A 17-year-old girl presented cutaneous macular lesions, skin scars, thickened lips and enlarged firm tongue; hoarseness was known since birth. The labial biopsy specimen was investigated by light and electron microscopy. Histologically there are deposits of amorphous, extra-cellular eosinophilic hyaline material in the upper thickened connective tissue. In the lower part changes are focal with hyaline mantle around the vessels. Histochemical studies have revealed that the deposits were PAS-positive and amylase-resistant, indicating the presence of neutral mucopolysaccharides. Lipid stains were positive, especially in vessel walls. Ultrastructurally hyaline substance is composed of 1 to 2 nm protofilaments, larger ones (5 to 10 nm wide) and amorphous material. Fibroblasts contain in their dilated cisternae amorphous material. A frequent feature is marked multilamination of the capillary basal lamina which is interpenetrated by hyaline substance. Pathogenesis is still unknown but recently it is suggested hyalinosis cutis et mucosae could be a systemic disease of basal lamina.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1983

[Effect of dibutyryl-cAMP on the cholesterol ester content in human atherosclerotic aorta cells].

Dibutyrly-cAMP (db-cAMP) reduces the content of cholesterol esters in intimal cells obtained from atherosclerotic areas of human aorta. This effect depends on the nucleotide concentration. Db-cAMP has no effect on the content of cholesterol esters in the cells obtained from unaffected aortic areas. It can be assumed that cAMP derivatives and agents that give rise to the increased cAMP level in the cells may impede the development of the atherosclerotic manifestation such as lipoidosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1980

[Atherosclerosis of the major vessels of the neck and circle of Willis in different forms of endemic goiter (in the Fergana Valley)].

The age dynamics of the atherosclerotic process in the major arteries of the neck and the Willisian circle was examined morphometrically in 330 subjects with diverse morphofunctional states of the thyroid. It was found that in patients with endemic goiter characterized by hyperthyroidism, the speed of the atherosclerotic process development was slowed down; the process took a milder course with prevalence of lipoidosis. In patients with the endemic goiter characterized by hypothyroidism, the atherosclerotic process in all the arteries examined was found to develop at a faster rate, with prevalence of grave complicated forms. Complicated affections and calcinosis of the Willisian circle vessels were prevalent in patients with the hypofunctional forms of endemic goiter.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Combined histochemical and histostereometric evaluation of the morphogenesis of human aortic atherosclerotic plaques].

Histochemical examinations of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates in aortal preparations from necropsy cases (54 males and 66 females) were combined with histostereometric examinations of the principal structural components of plaques. The lipid portion in the plaques was shown to decrease from 85.6 +/- +/- 4.9% in the stage of lipoidosis to 8.2 +/- 0.9% in the stage of ulceration. The portion of fibrous tissue is the highest in liposclerosis and atheromatosis of plaques (42.0 +/- 3.1 and 46.2 +/- +/- 1.2%, respectively) and that of necrotic and calcified tissues in the stage of ulceration (47.4 +/- 5.2 and 21.4 +/- 17%, respectively). Cellular infiltrations decrease markedly during plaque disintegration only. Such assessment is recommended for comparative studies in atherosclerosis.

Aortic Diseases↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Content of lipids in cells, isolated from normal and atherosclerotically-altered portions of the human aorta].

Lipid composition was studied in media and intima of human atherosclerotic aorta as well as in cells from the both layers of the vessel wall. A correlation was found between the content of main lipids in the cells and the tissue, from which these cells were isolated. The lipid composition of cells, isolated from normal and atherosclerotic aorta zones, was unaltered within 12 days of cultivation. Primary culture of human atherosclerotic aorta cells might be used for study of lipoidosis in atherosclerosis.

Adult↗
PubMed1983

[Atherogenic changes in lipid metabolism caused by alcohol].

Plasma lipid composition, and plasma and myocardial high-density lipoprotein (HDLP) content were examined in subjects who died of acute ethanol poisoning and in cases of sudden coronary death. Alcohol-induced disorders of lipid metabolism were in many respects similar to lipid metabolic disturbances associated with coronary disease (hypertriglyceridemia, hyperpre-beta- and hyper-beta-lipoproteinemia, myocardial lipoidosis). These disorders of lipid metabolism had developed in the presence of increased blood HDLP and cholesterol HDLP, which are known to produce an anti-atherogenic effect.

Alcoholic Intoxication↗
PubMed1982

[Fibrillar protein content of the vascular wall of children].

The content of fibrillar proteins was studied in 50 aortas of children dying at the age of 4 to 16 years of various diseases and accidents. In the intact intima of aortas the content of elastin and collagen increased with age. In lipid spots of the vascular wall of children the content of elastin was lower than in the intima, and the amount of collagen was higher than in the normal intima. In 15% of the aortas of children over 10 years of age lipid spots were found the content of collagen in which was above its average levels and biochemically reflected the development of collagen structures in lipid spots with destruction of lipid containing cells and release of lipids into the extracellular space. In rhythmical structures the content of fibrillar proteins increased as compared with normal intima irrespective of the age. The rhythmical structures with lipoidosis were intermediate with regard to the content of fibrillar proteins between "pure" rhythmical structures and lipid spots.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1981

Ultrastructural observations in ponies after treatment with monensin.

Ultrastructural studies were made of myocardium, diaphragm, appendicular muscle, liver, and kidney of 3 ponies acutely poisoned with a single oral dose of monensin (4 mg/kg of body weight). These ponies developed severe signs of toxicosis and were killed 28 to 72 hours after treatment. Severe mitochondrial damage (swelling) and lipoidosis in myocardial tissues were observed in 2 of the 3 ponies; similar, but less severe, changes were observed in the 3rd pony. The hepatocytes of the 3 ponies were characterized by increased amounts of smooth endoplasmic reticulum, large numbers of lipid droplets, vacuoles bounded by fibrous material, and a 2-fold increase in the number of peroxisomes per cell. Some hepatocytes also contained a membrane-bounded protein-like body. The observations indicate that heart mitochondria are primary targets of monensin poisoning in ponies.

Animals↗
PubMed1980

[Lipid level in sudden cardiac death (a biochemical and morphological study)].

The study covered 114 men dying suddenly of coronary heart disease (CHD). Hypercholesterinemia was found in 43% of the cases, lowered cholesterol, high density lipoproteins or hypoalphacholesterolemia in 75%. Thus hypoalphacholesterolemia correlates with CHD more frequently than hypercholesterolemia. The area of lipoidosis in the aorta did not correlate with cholesterol levels in the blood plasma. The content of cholesterol in lipid spots is significantly higher in patients with a high cholesterol level in the blood plasma. The area of eminent lesions in the aorta was significantly greater in high cholesterol level in the blood plasma than in low or normal content. In patients with high cholesterol level in the blood multiple stenoses of coronary arteries were found more frequently and isolated stenoses less frequently than in subjects with low cholesterol levels. In the former, stenosis of coronary arteries always exceeded 50% of the vessel lumen while with low cholesterol levels the stenosis did not exceed 50% of the vessel lumen in 10.4% of cases.

Adult↗
PubMed1993

[Lipid metabolism and atherogenesis in tuberculosis in experimental animals].

As shown in experiments on intact rabbits (60), rabbits with experimental tuberculosis (20), experimental atherosclerosis (30) and atherosclerosis concurrent with tuberculosis (35), disorders in lipid metabolism in pulmonary and combined affections follow the same pattern. This presents with atherogenic dysalpha- and dyslipoproteinemia, high levels of free cholesterol in the lipid phase of atherogenic lipoproteins, increased red cell ratio cholesterol/phospholipids, red cell enrichment with not easily oxidized phospholipids, activation of free radical oxidation of plasma and red cell lipids. Tuberculosis promotes lipoidosis formation making worse its development.

Animals↗
PubMed1977

[Action of chlorphentermine on the hydrolysis of phosphatidyl choline by phospholipase A2 (author's transl)].

QUESTION: The anorectic drug chlorphentermine (Chlph) has been reported to cause lipoidosis-like cellular alterations in many organs, especially in lungs. A weak inflammation has been observed during the first week of daily application. After that time a pronounced foam cell production with many lamellated inclusion bodies in the cell occurs. It has been supposed that this action is caused by an inhibition of phospholipid-degradation due to an association between the drug and phospholipids. To substantiate this mechanism an in vitro study a bout the action of Chlph on the hydrolysis of phosphytidyl choline (PC) by phospholipase A2 (bee venom) was undertaken. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Pur PC was obtained by column chromatography of egg lecithin. PC was used in two physical states. Handshaken liposomes are used as a model of the lamellated inclusion bodies of drug- induced phospholipidosis. The kinetic analysis was carried out on single bilayered liposomes obtained by injection of an ethanolic PC-solution into 0.16 M KCl. Purified bee venom was used as enzyme source. Usually the drug was added before the initiation of the enzyme reaction. In some cases Chlph was added after starting the hydrolysis by phospholipase for a detailed characterization of the type of interaction between Chlph and PC. The velocity of the enzyme reaction was measured by pH- stat titration and was expressed as mM H+-release per min. RESULTS: Two phases of Chlph-action are observed. A time limited stimulation of hydrolysis occurs immediatly after addition of the drug. The enzyme reaction is inhibited after the disappearence of this activation. This inhibition is independent of the physical state of the substrate and is very pronounced at equimolar mixtures of Chlph and PC (88 per cent inhibition in handshaken liposomes; 78 per cent inhibition in single bilayered liposomes). At inhibitor concentrations below 10 mol per cent the hydrolysis is not affected. By kinetic analysis it was found that the inhibitory action is due to an association between the inhibitor and the substrate. The Lineweaver-Burk- and Dixon-replots show a series of curves characteristic for this type of interaction (concave shape; no common intersections, situated in the 2nd quadrant). The intermediate stimulation of the substrate hydrolysis occurs only during the reaction of Chlph with PC. This is concluded from the following observations: The duration of activation is proportional to the inhibitor concentration as well as to the substrate concentration, i.e. it is proportional to the concentration of both reactants. The activation does not occur if the enzyme reaction is started some time after mixing inhibitor and substrate, i.e. after finishing the reaction. The results are discussed in relation to the in vivo action of Chlph.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Subpopulations of lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages at the early stages of human aorta atherosclerosis].

Human aorta was studied at early stages of atherosclerosis: intimal edema, first signs of lipoidosis, lipid spots and lipid plaques. Adhesion of Mn/Mp and lymphocytes to the aortal intima directly correlated with lipid deposits in the vascular wall. The number of mononuclear cells in the intima increased in parallel to progression of lipidosis. T-lymphocyte adhesion passed ahead of that of Mn/Mp. Cytotoxic suppressors dominated among T-lymphocytes adhered to the intima surface. Mn/Mp do not contain enzymes participating in the lipid utilization (acid lipase, acid phosphatase, nonspecific esterase) at initial stages of atherosclerosis. The activity of these enzymes starts to appear in parallel to atherosclerosis progression. HLA-DR antigen is found on the surface of T-lymphocytes and Mn/Mp indicating increased immunity of these cells.

Adult↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Mediacalcinosis of the aorta (pathomorphology and pathogenesis of arterial calcification and its relationship to atherosclerosis)].

It is established on the material of 116 legal-medical autopsies of 11-50-year-old subjects deceased of occasional causes that calcinosis of the aorta media appears in subjects under 20 years and progresses with age. As distinct from the aorta, the first calcium deposits in the coronary arteries appear in the intima, in the foci of muscular-elastic hyperplasia. Calcium deposits in the coronary and other arteries appear a decade later than in the aorta. The beginning of the mediacalcinosis coincides in time with focal intima lipoidosis but the correlation between the intima thickening and the intensity of mediacalcinosis is not observed. Calcinosis of the atherosclerotic plaques appears in preexisting mediacalcinosis. Calcium deposits are closely linked with the elastica, and the media calcinosis occurs in the elastica destruction and is not followed by proliferation of the smooth cells. Cell membrane fragments and vesicular structures are found ultrastructurally in the calcinosis foci, this suggesting that the mediacalcinosis is connected with the elastica destruction and the smooth cell death.

Adolescent↗
PubMed1997

Calcific chronic lateral epicondylitis: a histological and ultrastructural study.

Fragments of insertion tissue from right arm common extensor muscle have been collected from a 25-year patient with chronic lateral epicondylitis. Specimens, processed for light (LM) and electron (EM) microscopy, evidentiated a variety of degenerative alterations, such as focal hyalinosis, lipoidosis, collagen fiber redistribution, calcifications and vascular changes. Evidence of collagen normal function maintenance and turnover have been also observed in tenocytes.

Adult↗
PubMed1996

[Influence of gypenoside on serum lipoprotein and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidaemia animals].

The result of the study indicates that gypenoside (GP, i.g.) can suppress the rise of serum cholesterol (CHO) and triglyceride (TRIG) in hyperlipidaemia mice and lower the content of CHO, TRIG and LDL in hyperlipidaemia quails. The study also shows that GP has a protective effect on diffuse lipoidosis in liver and atherosclerosis in hyperlipidaemia quails, and that GP can lower the lipoprotein levels in hyperlipidaemia animals.

Animals↗
PubMedDate not supplied

[Effects of modifications of lipoproteins by water soluble forms of lineoleic-hydroxamic acid on biochemical markers of development of atherosclerosis].

Effects of water-soluble form of linoleic-hydroxamic acid, inhibitor of lipoxygenase, on process of atherogenesis (alimentary model) were studied at rabbits. It was shown that inhibition of activity of lipoxygenase during process of development of atherosclerosis led to considerable decrease of area of lipoid plaques and lipoidosis, decreased content of cholesterol in blood and improved free-radical modification of lipoproteins of blood.

Animals↗