PubMed · 959004
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K Brown. 1976-09-09. Once bitten..... https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/959004/
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The FSCBG aerial spray drift and deposition model predicts the dispersion of material released from aircraft into the atmosphere, and particularly downwind from the release point. The effects of aircraft wake structure, droplet evaporation, local meteorology, penetration through forest or agricultural canopies, and prediction of ground or canopy deposition, air dosage, and concentration are all included in the model. The long developmental and validation history of the model, a brief summary of its assumptions and underlying approximations, and its present user-friendly operation on personal computers are reviewed and highlighted in this paper.
The routine meteorological observations made by the National Weather Service have a spatial resolution on the order of 1,000 km, whereas the resolution needed to conduct or model aerial spray applications is on the order of 1-10 km. Routinely available observations also do not include the detailed information on the turbulence and thermal structure of the boundary layer that is needed to predict the transport, dispersion, and deposition of aerial spray releases. This paper provides an overview of the information needed to develop the meteorological inputs for an aerial spray model such as the FSCBG and discusses the different types of instruments that are available to make the necessary measurements.
For small droplet spraying, the spray cloud is initially entrained into the wingtip vortices so that the ultimate fate of the spray is controlled by the motion of these vortices. In close to 100 aerial sprays, the emitted spray cloud has been mapped using a scanning laser system that displays diffusion and transport of the spray cloud. Results detailing the concentrations within the spray cloud in space and time are given for sprays in parallel and crosswinds. Wind direction is seen to potentially alter the vortex motion and hence the fate of the spray cloud. In crosswind spraying, the vortex behavior associated with the 2 wings is found to differ, which leads to enhanced deposition from the upwind wing and enhanced drift from the downwind wing.