PubMed · 8036082
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G D Harris, J M Saavedra, L Finberg. 1994. Capillary refill?. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8036082/
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Human endothelial cells, when suspended within three-dimensional collagen matrices, develop intracellular vacuoles that coalesce to form capillary lumens and tubes. Vacuole and lumen formation are completely dependent on the collagen-binding integrin alpha 2 beta 1, while other endothelial cell integrins had no apparent influence. Vacuole formation occurs by a pinocytic process with internalization of plasma membrane and molecules from the extracellular space, such as fluorescent tracers. By immunofluorescence, vacuole membranes were found to contain associated cell surface proteins, proteins involved in endosomal trafficking (i.e., caveolin and annexin II), and F-actin. Furthermore, some vacuole compartments contained von Willebrand factor. Integrin-regulated vacuole formation and coalescence are major mechanisms controlling capillary lumen and tube formation within a three-dimensional extracellular matrix.
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The authors recently treated a case of aggressive angiomyxoma occurring in the left scrotum. A 61-year-old Japanese man was diagnosed as having an inguinal irreducible hernia that descended to the bottom of the scrotum preoperatively. However, during the operation a large tumor was found between the spermatic fascia and the skin pressing the testis upward. The tumor measured 20 x 15 x 15 cm, was yellowish with a smooth surface encapsulated by a membrane similar to the pleura, and the cut surface was gelatinous. The histological findings indicated that the tumor had thick-walled vessels which had prominently increased in size, delicately waved collagen fibers, and stromal cells in a myxoid background. The patient has remained recurrence-free as of 11 months after surgery.