PubMed · 8032988
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H Bernstein. 1994. Dental implants.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/8032988/
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Twenty-four hollow ITI implants (four screws, and 20 cylinders) were retrieved because of failure, and evaluated in our laboratory, in a eight-year period (1989-1996), to see if a common cause could be observed in this implant design. No selection of these implants was carried out, and they represented the total number of implants of this type received in the above-mentioned time frame. The implants had been inserted by several different clinicians and were received from four universities and a private practice. The implants had been removed for mobility, pain, and presence of a vertical bone loss. About two-thirds of the implants were unstable in the jaw at the time of retrieval. Twenty implants had been used as single implants restoration and four in bridge reconstructions. Most of our specimens showed that the inflammatory process had reached the hollow portion of the implants. The following microscopical features were present in almost all our specimens: calculus and plaque on the coronal portion of the implant surface, presence of proliferating epithelium and of bone sequestra, and presence of bone apically to the inflammatory process. Perhaps, when the inflammatory process reaches the implant hollow portion, the infection runs a more rapid course due to the scarce vascularity of the bone inside this part.
A hierarchy of implant selection is presented, based on overcoming specific clinical challenges in a variety of situations, including maximization of the esthetic, comfort, and functional potentials of therapy.
The mechanical behaviour of different plastics (PE, PP, PI, PA, ABS, POM) was examined by static and dynamic loading. Detection of microdeformations and photoelastic stress analysis served as the examination method. According to the results, polyethylene is unsuitable, however the other plastics, with clauses, are suitable as shock absorbers. Apart from the mechanical investigation photoelastic stress analysis also revealed the benefit of osseointegration in force transmission to the bone.