PubMed · 7978518
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
J L Hockel. 1994. Incisal bite force.. https://doi.org/10.1043/0003-3219(1994)064%3C0245%3Aar%3E2.0.co%3B2
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
The present study makes a start on characterising the cognitive processes by which physical effects of eating on the senses are transformed into quantitative judgments about perceived characteristics of a food. It was hypothesised that there is a discrete perceptual channel for an aspect of texture sensed during each of the three initial movements of eating a piece of a cookie. The results showed that the force required for initial compression of the surface of the biscuit related to how 'crisp' it was. Scores on 'hard' were sensitive to higher forces being required to bite off a piece. Ratings of crunchiness responded to both amplitude and frequency of the cracks opened up in this heterogeneously structured material during the first crushing of the bitten piece. These findings are being pursued to identify the stimulation patterns more precisely and to measure how the percepts are integrated into judgments of overall texture.
BACKGROUND: Implant dentistry has become successful with the discovery of the biological properties of titanium. In the original protocol, studies have advocated a 2-stage surgical protocol for load-free and submerged healing to ensure predictable osseointegration. However, the discomfort, inconvenience, and anxiety associated with waiting period remains a challenge to both patients and clinicians. Hence, loading implant right after placement was attempted and has gained popularity among clinicians. Issues/questions related to this approach remain unanswered. Therefore, it is the purpose of this review article to (1). review and analyze critically the current available literature in the field of immediate implant loading and (2). discuss, based on scientific evidence, factors that may influence this treatment modality. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Literature published over the past 20 years was selected and reviewed. Findings from these studies were discussed and summarized in the tables. The advantages and disadvantages associated with immediate implant loading were analyzed. Factors that may influence the success of immediate implant loading, including patient selection, type of bone quality, required implant length, micro- and macrostructure of the implant, surgical skill, need for achieving primary stability/control of occlusal force, and prosthesis guidelines, were thoroughly reviewed and discussed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Various studies have demonstrated the feasibility and predictability of this technique. However, most of these articles are based on retrospective data or uncontrolled cases. Randomized, prospective, parallel-armed longitudinal human trials are primarily based on short-term results and long-term follow-ups are still scarce in this field. Nonetheless, from available literature, it may be concluded that anatomic locations, implant designs, and restricted prosthetic guidelines are key to ensure successful outcomes. Future studies, preferably randomized, prospective longitudinal studies, are certainly needed before this approach can be widely used.
Recently, various authors have proposed the interesting idea that occlusal force may be a principal factor in cervical lesions of the tooth. It is speculated that the lateral force in non-ideal mastication causes the tooth to bend and that the resulting tensile stress damages the enamel surface. In this study, we carried out stress analysis on the upper central incisor and the lower first molar using the plastic-elastic deformation theory with two-dimensional finite element method (FEM). The essential feature that the tensile yield strength is much smaller than the compressive one was taken into account. Our results suggested that oblique loading on the tooth stretches the enamel surface near the cemento-enamel junction and causes plastic deformation which eventually leads to the cervical lesion.