Search PubMed⌕ Search
Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 7044177

Teaching the uptake and distribution of halothane. A computer simulation program.

P B Heffernan·J M Gibbs·A E McKinnon
View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

A computer aided learning program for teaching the kinetics of uptake and distribution of the inhalational anaesthetic halothane is described. The program is based on a seven-compartment model which simulates the action of halothane on ventilation and on the cardiovascular system. The program is available to the student in four forms: one with no changes in circulation or respiration, one with the cardiovascular effects of halothane included, one with respiratory effects only, and one with both of these effects combined. The student can study the importance of the influence of halothane on respiration and blood circulation by comparing results from simulations on different models. The simulation is presented as graphs which are continuously displayed on an alphanumeric visual display terminal. Interaction with the program is possible at all times to change the simulation speed, the variables being graphed, the inspired halothane fraction, and the fresh gas flow.

Explore related subjects

Anesthesia, InhalationAnesthesiologyComputer-Assisted InstructionEducation, Medical, UndergraduateHalothaneHumansKineticsMinicomputersModels, BiologicalNew ZealandJournal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeXRIS

P B Heffernan, J M Gibbs, A E McKinnon. 1982. Teaching the uptake and distribution of halothane. A computer simulation program.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2044.1982.tb00986.x

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2007

The effects of isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane anesthesia on neurocognitive outcome after cardiac surgery: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Inhalation anesthetics such as isoflurane, sevoflurane, and desflurane are widely used in clinical practice; however, there is no study for comparing these drugs in cardiac surgery with respect to postoperative cognitive outcome and S100 beta protein (S100 BP) levels. In this study, we evaluated the effect of sevoflurane, isoflurane, and desflurane anesthesia on neuropsychological outcome and S100 BP levels in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-two male patients were prospectively randomized and classified into 3 groups according to the volatile agents used; isoflurane, sevoflurane, desflurane. All patients had a sufficient education level to participate in neuropsychological testing and a normal carotid Doppler ultrasonography. Blood samples for analysis of S100 BP were collected before anesthesia (T1), before heparinization (T2), 15 minutes into CPB (T3), following protamine administration (T4), postoperatively (T5), 24 hours after the operation (T6), postoperative day 3 (T7), and postoperative day 6 (T8). The neuropsychological tests, including Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSET) and visual-aural digit span test (VADST), were administered 1 day prior to surgery and on the third and sixth postoperative days. RESULTS: The postoperative third and sixth day MMSET scores and third day visual-written subtest scores in the sevoflurane group were significantly lower than in the isoflurane and desflurane groups (P < .05). S100 BP levels increased with the beginning of anesthesia in the sevoflurane and desflurane groups. Although S100 BP decreased to baseline levels on postoperative day 1 in the sevoflurane group, this was significantly higher on the third and sixth days postoperatively in the desflurane group (P < .05). In the isoflurane group, the S100 BP level was significantly higher than the baseline level only after CPB (P < .05). CONCLUSION: Our study suggests that isoflurane is associated with better neurocognitive functions than desflurane or sevoflurane after on-pump CABG. Sevoflurane seems to be associated with the worst cognitive outcome as assessed by neuropsychologic tests, and prolonged brain injury as detected by high S100 BP levels was seen with desflurane.

Anesthesia, Inhalation↗