PubMed · 5802621
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J M Hansen, K Siersbaek-Nielsen. 1969. Cerebrospinal fluid thyroxine.. https://doi.org/10.1210/jcem-29-8-1023
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Heat stress (HS), a prevalent occupational and environmental hazard, has increasingly been recognized as a major contributor to multiple physiological disorders. The hypothalamus, a key regulator of thermoregulation and endocrine signaling, is especially susceptible to metabolic and inflammatory disturbances induced by HS. This study investigates the interplay among lipid metabolism, blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, and neuroinflammation in the hypothalamus under HS conditions, with a specific focus on apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) as a potential protective factor. To achieve this, we integrated proteomic and lipidomic analyses with experimental validation in porcine and murine models. Proteomic analysis identified 266 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in the hypothalamus following HS, with significant enrichment in lipid metabolism pathways-especially glycerophospholipid (GP) metabolism-in which APOA1 displayed a marked increase. Lipidomic profiling further revealed HS-induced disruptions in phosphatidylcholine (PC), phosphatidylethanolamine (PE), and cardiolipin (CL) metabolism. Additionally, blood-brain barrier integrity was compromised, as evidenced by increased perivascular IgG extravasation, reduced pericyte coverage, and decreased expression of tight junction proteins ZO-1 and Occludin. HS also triggered pronounced neuroinflammation, characterized by elevated levels of iNOS, GFAP, and pro-inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6). Notably, administration of D-4F, an APOA1 mimetic peptide, alleviated blood-brain barrier damage, reduced neuroinflammation, and preserved synaptic integrity, thereby suggesting a neuroprotective role for APOA1 in HS-induced hypothalamic dysfunction. These findings underscore the critical role of lipid metabolism in maintaining hypothalamic homeostasis under HS conditions and position APOA1 as a key regulator with potential therapeutic implications for mitigating HS-related neuroinflammatory and metabolic disturbances.
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A method of modeling and predicting drug transport processes using simple, theoretically computed molecular descriptors and multivariate statistics has been investigated in four data sets related to Caco-2 cell permeability, human intestinal absorption, brain-blood partitioning, and immobilized artificial membrane (IAM) chromatography. The program Molconn-Z was used to compute theoretical molecular descriptors related to electrotopological state indices. Additional parameters related to size and lipophilicity [i.e., calculated molar refraction (CMR) and octanol-water partition coefficient (CLOGP)] were also used in the statistical modeling. Good statistical models were derived (r(2) and Q(2) values ranged from 0.75 to 0.93 and 0.70 to 0.89, respectively) that permit fast computational (electronic) screening and prioritization of virtual libraries.