PubMed · 5729629
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
W Havener. 1968. Posterior segment cryotherapy.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/5729629/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Skin cooling is used to protect the epidermis in a variety of laser dermatology procedures, including leg vein treatment, hair removal, and port wine stain removal. Spray and contact cooling are the two most popular methods, but similarities and differences of these techniques are not well understood. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: A theoretical model of skin cooling is presented for two different regimens: "soft" cooling in which freezing of the skin is not permitted and "hard" cooling in which the skin can be frozen to a given depth. Spray and contact cooling were also compared experimentally using an in vitro model. RESULTS: For a fixed skin surface temperature, spray and contact cooling theoretically produce the same cooling profile in the skin. Anatomic depth of cooling depends on the time for which either the spray or contact is applied. In vitro experiments caused temperature at the simulated basal layer to be between -5 and +5 degrees C for both spray (tetrafluoroethane, boiling point -26 degrees C) and contact (-27 degrees C sapphire plate) cooling. The theoretical precooling analysis shows hard mode to be faster and more selective than soft mode; however, cooling time for hard mode must be carefully controlled to prevent irreversible epidermal damage caused by freezing. CONCLUSIONS: Both spray and contact cooling provide efficient skin cooling. The choice of cooling method depends on other factors such as the target depth, cost, safety, and ergonomic factors.
BACKGROUND: This section is under preparation and will be included in the next issue. OBJECTIVES: In premature infants with threshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) does peripheral retinal ablation, by any means, reduce the incidence of adverse ophthalmic outcome? SEARCH STRATEGY: The standard search strategy of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group was used. This included a search of the Cochrane Neonatal Group Register of Clinical Trials, MEDLINE, EMBASE, previous reviews including cross references, abstracts from pediatric and ophthalmologic meetings, letters and expert informants. Search terms included "Retinopathy of Prematurity" [MeSH Terms], "Retrolental Fibroplasia" [All Fields] and "Lightcoagulation" [All Fields] or "Cryosurgery" [All Fields]. In addition, a personal bibliographic database was used as a cross-reference. SELECTION CRITERIA: All trials in human premature infants with threshold ROP utilizing random or quasi random allocation to either peripheral retinal ablation of the avascular retina, by any means, or concurrent control group with independent outcome assessment were initially selected for review. Following methodologic review, only studies using random allocation were selected for data extraction. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS: Relevance and validity were assessed by the two authors and consensus reached. Each author extracted clinical outcomes from valid reports independently. Data analysis was conducted according to the standards of the Cochrane Neonatal Review Group. MAIN RESULTS: Two randomised trials were identified. Data from these studies show that peripheral retinal ablation reduces the risk of (1) early unfavorable retinal structure from 47. 9% to 28.1% (absolute risk reduction 19.8% [95% CI 27.9 - 11.8%]), (2) unfavorable retinal structure in early childhood from 44.3% to 26.3% (absolute risk reduction 18% [95% CI 27.0 - 9.1%]) and (3) unfavorable visual acuity in early childhood from 63% to 50.6% (absolute risk reduction 12.2% [95% CI 21.2 - 3.1]). In addition, visual fields in sighted eyes were slightly smaller in the treated (51.3 degrees +/- 11.8 degrees ) group as compared to the control (58.2 degrees +/- 14.5 degrees ) group. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS: Peripheral retinal ablation reduces the incidence of adverse ophthalmic outcome in premature infants with threshold ROP. In sighted eyes, peripheral retinal ablation may reduce the size of the visual field. At this stage, long term outcomes remain unknown.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Cryosurgery is a widely accepted modality for the treatment of capillary hemangiomas of the newborn. However, no studies clearly supporting its effectivity are available. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Out of 116 consecutive outpatients with 147 hemangiomas, 105 growing tumors in 91 patients were treated by cryosurgery. 13 further growing tumors were not treated because of lack of parental consent. Hemangiomas without growth within the last 2 weeks and with clinical signs of regression were not treated. After a follow-up of 1 year, the outcome of the treatment was classified as either regression (> 10% size reduction), no change (size alteration < 10%) or progression (> 10% size growth). The effectiveness of the treatment was assessed as clinical improvement of the hemangioma on an arbitrary scale per treatment session. RESULTS: Cryosurgery of growing hemangiomas efficiently initiated the regression phase (p < 0.05), in the most cases (68%) after a single treatment. Cryotherapy was most effective when employed in older children (p < 0.05) and for small hemangiomas (p < 0.05). Probably, this reflects associated spontaneous regression. CONCLUSIONS: Thus cryosurgery is a verifiably effective treatment modality for infantile capillary hemangiomas, shortening significantly their growth phase.