PubMed · 4515820
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C D Frith. 1973. Learning rhythmic hand movements.. https://doi.org/10.1080/14640747308400345
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We examined a patient who was clinically much better at reporting tactile stimulation when he could see his stimulated hand. Experimentally, we found that he had difficulty detecting taps accompanied by a salient (but not predictive) light located directly above his concealed hand. However, his performance was dramatically improved if the light was attached to a rubber hand situated in line with the patient's hidden hand. Previous studies have suggested that tactile sensitivity can be improved by nearby visual stimulation. However, our effect shows that crossmodal sensory facilitation does not only depend upon simple spatial proximity alone. Rather, a simultaneous visual event dramatically improves perception of touch specifically when it is attributed to the perceiver's stimulated limb.
Two experiments were performed to replicate the results of Ilan and Miller that response selection but no response-hand specific preparation is present during memory scanning. Letter-case determined which hand would respond, while memory set membership status determined whether the response was to be executed (go) or withheld (nogo). In Exp. 1, the LRP was observed as an index of response-hand specific preparation. In Exp. 2, the consistency effect derived from the response priming paradigm was observed as an index of more central response selection. The results replicate those of Ilan and Miller and suggest that central response selection is present during short-term memory scanning, but hand-specific response preparation is absent. Apparently, preliminary information is transmitted to the response selection stage during memory scanning, a finding that is inconsistent with serial stage models, but memory scanning interferes with hand-specific response preparation.