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PubMed · 42585844

Proteomic insights into hepatic responses to high soybean meal inclusion with citric acid supplementation in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus × Epinephelus lanceolatus) juveniles.

Dayang Nur Jazlyn Abang Zamhari·Nurhikmah Abu Aziz·Chen-Fei Low·Benjamin Yii Chung Lau·Chou Min Chong·Christina Seok Yien Yong·Yu-Hung Lin·Clement R de Cruz·Leong Seng Lim·Annita Seok Kian Yong
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Abstract

This study evaluated the growth performance and hepatic proteomic responses of juvenile hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus&#xa0;&#xd7;&#xa0;Epinephelus lanceolatus) juveniles fed diets containing 30% or 40% soybean meal (SBM), with or without 3% citric acid supplementation, and compared with a fishmeal (FM) control diet over a 10-week feeding trial. Fish fed 30% SBM (LSBM) showed a final body weight comparable to the FM group, whereas fish fed 40% SBM (HSBM) recorded significantly reduced growth and net protein utilization (NPU) (p&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.05). Supplementation of citric acid in the 40% SBM diet (HSBM + CA) significantly improved NPU and partially restored growth relative to HSBM. LC-MS/MS based quantitative proteomics identified 1544 hepatic proteins and showed clear dietary segregation. Differentially expressed proteins were predominantly associated with reduced abundance of proteins involved in lipid metabolism, amino acid metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, and the tricarboxylic cycle across all SBM diets, suggesting a shift in oxidative metabolic capacity. In contrast, LSBM induced upregulation of spliceosome-associated proteins and RNA processing components, suggesting adaptive post-transcriptional regulation under moderate SBM inclusion. In contrast, HSBM exhibited greater reduction in metabolic protein abundance without comparable upregulation of adaptive regulatory components, coinciding with reduced nutrient retention. Protein-protein interaction analysis further confirms the correlation between the regulation of spliceosomal clusters and mitochondrial lipid-catabolic modules. Citric acid supplementation did not markedly reverse hepatic metabolic protein changes but improved protein retention. Data are available via ProteomeXchange with identifier PXD081994. These findings suggest a tolerance limit between 30% and 40% SBM inclusion, with 30% inducing adaptive hepatic proteomic responses compatible with maintained growth performance.

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AnimalsGlycine maxLiverAnimal FeedDietary SupplementsCitric AcidProteomicsFish ProteinsProteomeBassCitric acid supplementationHybrid grouper TGGGMetabolic adaptationProteomic profilingSoybean meal replacementJournal Article

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Dayang Nur Jazlyn Abang Zamhari, Nurhikmah Abu Aziz, Chen-Fei Low, Benjamin Yii Chung Lau, Chou Min Chong, Christina Seok Yien Yong, Yu-Hung Lin, Clement R de Cruz, Leong Seng Lim, Annita Seok Kian Yong. 2026-08-05. Proteomic insights into hepatic responses to high soybean meal inclusion with citric acid supplementation in hybrid grouper (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus&#xa0;&#xd7;&#xa0;Epinephelus lanceolatus) juveniles.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbd.2026.101965

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Journal Article resourceAnimal Feed subjectAnimals subjectBass subjectCitric Acid subjectCitric acid supplementation subjectDietary Supplements subjectFish Proteins subjectGlycine max subjectHybrid grouper TGGG subjectJournal Article subjectLiver subjectMetabolic adaptation subject

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