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Gender-specific pathways linking body dissatisfaction, self-disgust, and social anxiety in Chinese adolescents: A three-wave longitudinal study.

Dongjun Han·Xinyi Liu·Hongping Liu·Xuliang Shi
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Abstract

Adolescence is a critical period for physical and psychological development. Body dissatisfaction is a significant concern during this stage, contributing to psychological issues such as social anxiety. However, the longitudinal relationships among body dissatisfaction, self-disgust, and social anxiety, as well as the potential role of gender differences in these dynamics, remain unclear. A total of 1109 junior high school students in China completed the baseline survey, with data collected at three time points (Mage = 12.67 years, SD = 0.68; 51.9% girls). Data were collected using the Body Areas Satisfaction Scale (BASS), the Self-Disgust Scale (SDS), and the Social Anxiety Scale for Children (SASC). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was employed to examine the longitudinal mediating effects among body dissatisfaction, self-disgust, and social anxiety, as well as to explore gender differences in these relationships. After controlling for autoregressive effects of self-disgust and social anxiety across waves, body dissatisfaction at T1 was found to indirectly predict social anxiety at T3 through self-disgust at T2, while indirectly predicting self-disgust at T3 through social anxiety at T2. Multi-group analyses revealed significant gender differences: for females, only the mediating pathway with self-disgust as the mediator was significant; for males, only the pathway with social anxiety as the mediator was significant. These findings contribute to a more nuanced understanding of the emotional mechanisms linking body dissatisfaction to social anxiety and highlight the importance of considering gender-specific pathways in prevention and intervention efforts.

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AdolescentChildFemaleHumansMaleAnxietyBody DissatisfactionBody ImageBody SatisfactionChinaLongitudinal StudiesPersonal SatisfactionPhobia, SocialSelf ConceptSex FactorsEast Asian PeopleBidirectional mediationBody dissatisfactionGender differenceSelf-disgustSocial anxietyJournal Article

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Dongjun Han, Xinyi Liu, Hongping Liu, Xuliang Shi. 2026-07-24. Gender-specific pathways linking body dissatisfaction, self-disgust, and social anxiety in Chinese adolescents: A three-wave longitudinal study.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102155

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Journal Article resourceAdolescent subjectAnxiety subjectChild subjectChina subjectEast Asian People subjectFemale subjectHumans subjectJournal Article subjectLongitudinal Studies subjectMale subjectPhobia, Social subject

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