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PubMed · 42315898

Exploring biohydrogen producing potential of Arctic ice and water through metagenomics and dark fermentation kinetics.

Shwetakshi Mishra·Srikanth Mutnuri
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Abstract

Cryospheric ecosystems in the high Arctic harbor largely unexplored microbiomes with significant biotechnological potential. The present study evaluates the biohydrogen production capabilities of the indigenous microbiome of Ny-Ålesund, Svalbard, using glacial ice and surface water samples. Dark fermentation batch assays were performed at 4 °C and 20 °C with 2-bromoethanesulfonate (BES), a methanogenic inhibitor, to track the succession of metabolic and taxonomic diversity. Metagenomic and functional analyses revealed that under 20 °C and BES conditions, psychrotolerant microbial communities maximize biohydrogen production to 85% of the total biogas produced, with an acetate-dominant fermentation pathway, as inferred from volatile fatty acid (VFA) analysis. This evolves into a highly coordinated system utilizing a coupled Rnf-nitrogenase route alongside Formate Hydrogenlyase and [FeFe]-hydrogenase pathways. Kinetic modelling using the Modified Gompertz equation, along with Q10 temperature-sensitivity indices, demonstrated a very high latent catalytic potential in these cold-adapted microbiomes. This study indicates that Arctic microbiomes are highly elastic thermodynamically and could serve as highly efficient, manipulatable biocatalysts for the environmental recovery of bioenergy through engineered low-temperature systems.

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FermentationMetagenomicsArctic RegionsHydrogenKineticsMicrobiotaBiofuelsIce2-bromoethanesulfonate (BES)Arctic microbiomeBiohydrogenDark fermentationJournal Article

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Shwetakshi Mishra, Srikanth Mutnuri. 2026-06-18. Exploring biohydrogen producing potential of Arctic ice and water through metagenomics and dark fermentation kinetics.. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-026-57926-z

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