PubMed · 4184731
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S S Krylov, Iu N Andreev, N T Starykh. 1967. [Spectrofluorometer].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/4184731/
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1. Increase in superoxide production by heat-shocked cells of Neurospora crassa was demonstrated by a fluorometric assay. 2. A sensitive fluorometric assay for the estimation of superoxide anion radical--based on the liberation of 4-methylumbelliferone from 4-methyl-beta-D-umbelliferyl glucopyranoside--is described. 3. Using this system the level of superoxide in the medium of heat-shocked Neurospora crassa cells was found to be consistently higher, in comparison with that of non-shocked cells, cultured at the normal growth temperature of 28 degrees C. 4. Addition of superoxide dismutase to the culture media suppressed the production of 4-methylumbelliferone.
Quantitative fluorometry has been used to monitor circulation in transplanted toes and cutaneous flaps in our unit since 1982. Analysis of 177 uncomplicated transplants monitored by quantitative fluorometry shows that this technique has low false indication rates for arterial occlusion (0.6 percent of patients) and venous occlusion (6.2 percent of patients). None of these patients was reexplored because of a false monitor reading, and except for single abnormal sequences, monitoring appropriately indicated intact circulation throughout the postoperative period. Quantitative fluorometry has correctly indicated vascular complications in 21 (91.3 percent) of 23 transplants over an 8-year period. The salvage rate (85.7 percent) of the fluorescein-monitored reexplored transplants was significantly higher than the salvage rates of similar reexplored transplants not monitored with fluorescein and of reexplored muscle flaps (which cannot be monitored with the fluorometer used at this unit). These clinical data indicate that quantitative fluorometry is a valid and useful postoperative monitor for transplanted toes and cutaneous flaps.
Altered rates of oxygen delivery and uptake between and possibly within different organs occur during critical illness. The mechanisms governing this heterogeneity are as yet not fully understood and techniques directed at being able to map the course of oxygen to the mitochondria to produce ATP, the main molecule needed to drive energy requiring processes in the cell, would give valuable information about the mechanisms underlying organ dysfunction during disease. Oxidative phosphorylation occurring in the mitochondria is the main site for the production of ATP in mammalian cells. Metabolic substrates, ADP and Pi, and O2 are the ingredients needed to produce ATP. Due to the central role of oxidative phosphorylation in the metabolism of the cell, much attention has been directed at developing non-invasive techniques to measure intermediates of the oxidative phosphorylation in tissue as an indication of the metabolic state of tissue. One such method enables mapping the distribution of tissue hypoxia by use of a fluorescence technique based on the measurements reduced nicotine amide dinucleotide (NADH). NADH is situated at the high-energy side of the respiratory chain and during tissue hypoxia accumulates in concentration because less NADH is oxidized to NAD+. Excitation of NADH by 366 nm light produces, unlike NAD+, fluorescence at 460 nm light. Previously, however, producing images of NADH fluorescence distribution in tissue has been limited to saline perfused in vitro models. We recently undertook to develop an NADH videoflurometer sensitive enough to NADH fluorescence in vivo (Ince C, Bruining HA (1991) Optical Spectroscopy for the measurement of tissue hypoxia.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)