PubMed · 3163010
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Y T Sung, S Y Lin, Y L Chou, M H Yang. 1988. [A feedback control system for lower limb loading].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/3163010/
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In recent years a number of neuroprostheses have been developed and used to assist stroke and spinal cord injured subjects to restore or improve grasping function. These neuroprostheses clearly demonstrated that the targeted group of subjects can significantly benefit from this technology and that functional electrical stimulation (FES) is a viable method for restoring or improving grasping function. In this article the FES technology is briefly explained and some of the better known neuroprostheses for grasping are discussed. Furthermore, a typical population of subjects that can benefit from this technology is indicated as well as the methodology to select and train these subjects to apply the neuroprosthesis in daily living activities. This article also provides a brief summary of the achieved results with the existing neuroprostheses for grasping and discusses some of the challenges this technology is currently facing.
Current prosthetic hands are basically simple grippers with one or two degrees of freedom, which barely restore the capability of the thumb-index pinch. Although most amputees consider this performance as acceptable for usual tasks, there is ample room for improvement by exploiting recent progresses in mechatronics design and technology. We are developing a novel prosthetic hand featured by multiple degrees of freedom, tactile sensing capabilities, and distributed control. Our main goal is to pursue an integrated design approach in order to fulfill critical requirements such as cosmetics, controllability, low weight, low energy consumption and noiselessness. This approach can be synthesized by the definition "biomechatronic design", which means developing mechatronic systems inspired by living beings and able to work harmoniously with them. This paper describes the first implementation of one single finger of a future biomechatronic hand. The finger has a modular design, which allows to obtain hands with different degrees of freedom and grasping capabilities. Current developments include the implementation of a hand comprising three fingers (opposing thumb, index and middle) and an embedded controller.