PubMed · 1994107
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1991. [Verbal intervention].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/1994107/
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This study examined emotional awareness in children with autism. Twenty-two high functioning children with autism (mean age 10 years and 2 months) and 22 typically developing children, matched for age and gender, were presented with the four basic emotions (happiness, anger, sadness and fear) in single and multiple emotion tasks. Findings suggest that children with autism have difficulties identifying their own emotions and less developed emotion concepts (which causes an impaired capacity to differentiate between one's emotions within the negative spectrum). The outcome seems to point more to a single emotion perspective within the negative domain, with a more prominent position of fear in children with autism than in typically developing children.
The disproportionate impairment for the recognition of facial expressions of disgust in patients with Huntington's disease (HD) forms a double dissociation with the impaired recognition of fear that has been reported in amygdala patients. The dissociation has generated discussion regarding the potential existence of neural substrates dedicated to the recognition of facial signals of specific emotions. The aim of this study was to establish whether the impairment for disgust in HD was restricted solely to the domain of facial perception, or whether HD patients also demonstrate impairment in other kinds of disgust. Fourteen HD patients and fourteen age and education matched healthy controls participated in seven disparate emotion processing tasks. (1) A measure of knowledge for the situational determinants of distinct emotions; (2) recognition of emotion expressed in nonverbal vocalisations; (3) recognition of the emotional content of explicit lexical stimuli; (4) recognition of emotional content in pictures of emotion scenes; (5) a disgust experience questionnaire; (6) a measure of olfactory hedonic responsiveness; (7) a measure of gustatory perception. While verbal aspects of disgust processing were preserved, parallel impairments were revealed for olfactory disgust, vocal disgust expressions, the classification of disgusting pictures, and declarative knowledge of disgust elicitors. The finding of impaired perception of disgust signalled through different input domains suggests that the inability to recognise the facial expression in this population reflects a fundamental problem with disgust processing.
The hypothesis that intense anger experience may increase risk for or exacerbate cardiovascular diseases has been under active theoretical and empirical interest for decades. Biopsychological models of disease suggest that persons displaying exaggerated physiological responses to acute emotional or stressful states are at a greater risk to develop cardiovascular disorders. The last two decades have witnessed active work to refine means by which anger expression can be assessed, and laboratory research has produced evidence suggesting that certain expression styles may predict enhanced physiological responses to acute stress. In this paper, we review methodological and definition issues related to the assessment of anger, and we summarize recent improvements on the assessment of anger expression. We also review recent studies addressing the association between anger and cardiovascular diseases, and we present potential neuroendocrine and behavioral mechanisms through which anger expression may increase risk for cardiovascular disease.