PubMed · 16360906
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Carlo E Poggio, Antonino Salvato. 2005. When are implants needed?. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ajodo.2005.09.012
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Implant periapical lesions are infectious-inflammatory alterations surrounding an implant apex, and can be caused by a number of situations--including contamination at instrumentation, overheating of bone, and the prior existence of bone pathology. The diagnosis is based on the clinical manifestations and radiological findings, where a radiotransparency can be seen at periapical level. The lesions are classified according to their evolutive stage as either acute (non-suppurated and suppurated) or chronic (or periapical abscess). The management of implant periapical lesions comprises periapical surgery with curettage and irrigation in the acute phase, or implant extraction when the bone surface is affected and/or primary fixation is lost (chronic phase).
During the last years, implant dentistry has seen an dramatic increase as a treatment option in oral rehabilitation. This is based to a large extent on scientific advances and clinical improvements in implantology. The extension of indications has broadened the opportunities to rehabilitate patients that were formerly considered to possess restricted indications to place implants. Additionally, patient desires (high aesthetic demands, fast prosthetic rehabilitation) were placed more in focus, resulting in new approaches in implant dentistry. As a result, the scientific and clinical community has reached high standards and at the same time has founded the basis for new opportunities in implantology. The advances are mirrored by a high number of high quality scientific papers, published in conventional and open-access journals. A major shift has thereby been observed in the understanding of implant healing, leading the basis for new implant systems that allow fast rehabilitation protocols. The term osseointegration needs a new understanding since an immediate osseointegration state can be present under distinct conditions.