Recent developments in solid-phase microextraction coatings and related techniques.

Christian Dietz; Jon Sanz; Carmen Cámara

doi:10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.041

Home/Archive/PubMed

PubMed · 16337213

Recent developments in solid-phase microextraction coatings and related techniques.

Christian Dietz·Jon Sanz·Carmen Cámara

View original source ↗Export metadata ↓

Abstract

During the last decade, solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has gained widespread acceptance for analyte matrix separation and preconcentration. Relatively few data are currently available dealing with in-house production of fibres with tailor-made properties to be used for SPME, though recently the number of publications evaluating new coatings has been considerably growing. This review, centred on publications that appeared during the last five years, is resuming different approaches which can be used for fibre production and further summarises alternative techniques closely related to SPME, such as in-tube extraction or single-drop microextraction (SDME). The aim is to give the reader a concise overview of recent developments in new coating procedures and materials, including the respective applications.

Explore related subjects

Chemical Fractionation Coated Materials, Biocompatible Electrochemistry Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Gels Polymers Surface Properties Journal Article Review

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

Christian Dietz, Jon Sanz, Carmen Cámara. 2005-12-06. Recent developments in solid-phase microextraction coatings and related techniques.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.041

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2006

Evaluation of extraction/digestion techniques used to determine lead isotopic composition in forest soils.

Lead isotopic studies in soils provide an efficient tool for tracing the sources of lead pollution. Five different extraction/digestion techniques (0.05 M EDTA, 0.5 M HNO(3), 2 M HNO3, aqua regia, total digestion) were used for lead isotopic composition (206Pb/207Pb) determination in three forest soil profiles with different kinds of prevailing Pb contamination (unpolluted area, smelting area and vicinity of a motorway). The results obtained showed that all extraction/digestion methods used for the determination of 206Pb/207Pb ratios in surface horizons containing high organic matter contents gave statistically identical values (according to the Tukey test). In mineral soil horizons, differences between the individual extraction/digestion methods could be observed (the lowest 206Pb/207Pb ratios were obtained from EDTA extracts, corresponding to weakly bound anthropogenic lead, and the highest 206Pb/207Pb ratios were obtained from total digestion). The combination of total digestion and EDTA extraction (labile lead fraction) seems to be the optimal combination for 206Pb/207Pb ratio determination and optimal result interpretation.

Chemical Fractionation↗

PubMed2006

Metal fractionation studies in surfacial and core sediments in the Achankovil River Basin in India.

The Fractionation of Fe, Zn, Cu, Pb, Mn and Cd in the sediments of the Achankovil River, Western Ghats, India using a sequential extraction method was carried out to understand the metal availability in the basin for biotic and abiotic activities. Spatial distribution of heavy metals has been studied. Sediment grain size has significant control over the heavy metal distribution. The fluctuations in their concentration partly depend upon the lithology of the river basin and partly the anthropogenic activities. The sediments are dominated by sand and are moderately to strongly positively skewed and are very leptokurtotic in nature. The quartzite and feldspars are abundant minerals along with significant amount of mica with low clay content. The core sediments show increasing trend of heavy metal concentration with depth due to the recent addition of anthropogenic sources and post-diagenic activities. Significant amount of Cd (18%) was found in carbonate fraction, which may pose environmental problems due to its toxic nature. Small concentrations of metals, except Cd and Cu, are in exchangeable fraction, which indicate low bio-availability. Enrichment Factor (EF) for individual metals shows the contribution from terrregious and in part from anthropogenic sources. Selective Sequential Extraction (SSE) study shows the variation in specific metal distribution pattern, their distribution in different phases and their bio-availability. Maximum amount of the metals were bound to the non-residual fractions (mainly Fe-oxides). Overall, bio-availability of these micronutrients from sediments seems to be very less. Non-residual phase is the most important phase for majority of heavy metals studied. Among the non-residual fraction, maximum amount of the heavy metals bound to Fe-oxides. The study high lights the need for in-depth study of heavy metals distribution and fractionation in the smaller river basins to get precise information on the behavior and transport of heavy metals in the fluvial environment and their contribution to the world ocean.

Chemical Fractionation↗

PubMed2006

Fractional and structural characterization of hemicelluloses from perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne) and cocksfoot grass (Dactylis glomerata).

Sequential three-stage treatments with 80% EtOH containing 0.2% NaOH, 2.5% H2O2-0.2% EDTA containing 1.5% NaOH and 2.5% H2O2-0.2% TAED containing 1.0% NaOH at 75 degrees C for 3h released 8.0% and 10.4%, 79.1% and 77.0% and 12.9% and 12.5% of the original hemicelluloses from perennial grass and cocksfoot grass, respectively. It was found that the four alkaline peroxide-soluble hemicellulosic fractions contained higher amounts of xylose (33.4-38.2%), uronic acids (9.3-15.3%) and rhamnose (3.0-3.9%), but were lower in glucose (25.1-28.3%), galactose (13.3-15.3%) and mannose (0.4-1.5%) than those of the two alkaline EtOH-soluble hemicellulosic fractions in which glucose (32.9-36.0%), xylose (20.1-22.6%), arabinose (14.1-21.4%), galactose (16.6-19.9%), mannose (4.1-9.9%) and uronic acids (3.4-7.4%) were the major sugar components. 13C NMR spectroscopy confirmed that all the six hemicellulosic fractions were composed of galactoarabinoxylans, 4-O-methylglucuronoarabinoxylans and beta-glucan. In addition, the studies showed that the four alkaline peroxide-soluble hemicellulosic fractions were more linear and acidic and had larger molecular weights (Mw, 28,400-38,650 g mol(-1)) than those of the two alkaline EtOH-soluble hemicellulosic fractions (Mw, 16,460-17,420 g mol(-1)).

Chemical Fractionation↗