PubMed · 16136714
The source did not provide an abstract. Follow the original record for more information.
Explore connections, maps & timelines
Michael A Meyer. 2005-09-01. Persistent low back pain.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16136714/
Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.
KEEP EXPLORING
Many pharmacological investigations have demonstrated that antidepressant agents profoundly affect serotonergic and noradrenergic neurotransmission. The molecular mechanisms by which these drugs exert their therapeutic action have not been clearly established. In our study, the possibility that antidepressant drug action is associated with dopamine neurotransmission was examined. To this end, the effect of 21-day treatment with 10 mg/kg of amitryptyline, mirtazapine and sertraline on the striatal and nucleus accumbens dopamine receptors was verified. The striatum and nucleus accumbens tissues were dissected 24 h after the last dose of the drug and total RNA was isolated. The expression of dopamine D1 to dopamine D5 receptors using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) procedure was compared to the glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate-dehydrogenase (GAPDH) as constitutive gene activation internal control. Lab Works UV program has analyzed the mean optical density values of RT-PCR products. Statistical comparison of relative optical densities by a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Dunnett's test was performed. Despite their different pharmacological profiles, all three above-presented antidepressants significantly increased dopamine D(1) mRNA content. Our findings indicate that repeated antidepressant administration triggers induction of the brain dopaminergic receptors which is correlated with neuroadaptation of the brain dopaminergic pathway.
The retention and overloading properties for eight basic solutes and two quaternary ammonium compounds were studied over the pH range 2.7-10.0 using phosphate and carbonate buffers. At low pH, a hybrid inorganic-organic silica-ODS phase (XTerra RP-18, 15 cm x 0.46 cm) showed substantial loss in efficiency when sample masses exceeded about 0.5 microg; these results were similar to those obtained previously on pure silica ODS and wholly polymeric phases, suggesting a common overloading mechanism. At pH 7-8.5, substantial improvements in loading capacity were obtained on XTerra due apparently to the unexpectedly strong influence of small decreases in solute ionisation. Data from the quaternary compounds suggested that silanol ionisation on this phase was still small even at intermediate pH. For many bases, loading capacity continued to improve as the pH was raised to 10, in line with the decrease in the proportion of ionised solute. However, for the highest pK(a) solutes, peak shape worsened at high pH, possibly due to the negative influence of increasing column silanol ionisation.
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Many reports of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) fail to provide standard deviations (SDs) of their continuous outcome measures. Some meta-analysts substitute them by those reported in other studies, either from another meta-analysis or from other studies in the same meta-analysis. But the validity of such practices has never been empirically examined. METHODS: We compared the actual standardized mean difference (SMD) of individual RCTs and the meta-analytically pooled SMD of all RCTs against those based on the above-mentioned two imputation methods in two meta-analyses of antidepressants. RESULTS: Two meta-analyses included 39 RCTs of fluoxetine (n = 3,681) and 25 RCTs of amitriptyline (n = 1,832), which had actually reported means and SDs of the Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression. According to either of the two proposed imputation methods, the agreement between actual SMDs and imputed SMDs for individual RCTs was very good with ANOVA intraclass correlation coefficients between 0.61 and 0.97. The agreement between the actual pooled SMD and the imputed one was even better, with minimal differences in both their point estimates and 95% confidence intervals. CONCLUSION: For a systematic review where some of the identified trials do not report SDs, it appears safe to borrow SDs from other studies.