PubMed · 16039103
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V Merzoug, C Adamsbaum. 2005-07-20. [Radiological case study].. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arcped.2005.05.010
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Radiation therapy is often used to achieve local control of pelvic Ewing sarcoma in children. The effects of radiation on the female reproductive tract have been well documented in adults with gynecological malignancies, but the long-term consequences of pelvic radiation in pre-pubertal or adolescent girls are not as well described. We report a case of hematometrocolpos developing in an adolescent previously treated with chemotherapy and radiation therapy for pelvic Ewing sarcoma. We describe the clinical presentation, radiographic features, gross pathology, treatment strategies, outcome, as well as putative predisposing factors and preventative interventions.
The prognosis for patients with melanoma has not improved over the last 30 years. So far, almost without exception, clinical trials conducted with single or multiple agent chemotherapy, biological therapy (interferon-alpha, interleukin-2), and biochemotherapy have failed to demonstrate consistent survival benefit. Without effective alternate treatments, surgery must be considered the primary treatment of melanoma, independent of disease stage. Although surgery is clearly favored as the treatment of localized melanoma, consensus opinion and clinician preference become divided once melanoma progresses beyond its primary site. Many physicians will adopt an attitude of resignation and hesitancy when treating metastatic melanoma. As a result, patients with advanced disease are often treated with medications that produce little survival or palliative benefit at the expense of significant toxicity. Numerous studies have demonstrated clear and durable survival advantages for patients undergoing complete resection of metastatic melanoma. Further, surgical resection can produce an immediate decrease in tumor burden with minimal morbidity and mortality at a reasonable cost.
Bone- and cartilage-forming tumours (osteosarcomas and chondrosarcomas) are rare malignant neoplasms. These tumours are clinically aggressive and often need extensive local and/or systemic treatment. Whereas no other treatment but surgery is currently available for chondrosarcomas, osteosarcomas show an approximately 50-80% response rate to adjuvant chemotherapy. Surgical removal of these tumours is currently mostly performed with limb salvage, but amputation may be required in some cases. In addition, the tumours have a risk of local recurrences adversely affecting the prognosis compared to the primary tumour. In this report we will mainly focus on two of the most prevalent malignant bone tumours, conventional osteosarcoma and conventional chondrosarcoma, and use these to illustrate the problems with the diagnosis of bone sarcomas in general.