PubMed · 16033409
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J Geier, H Lessmann, W Uter, A Schnuch. 2005. Patch testing with phenylmercuric acetate.. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0105-1873.2005.0650d.x
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The pathophysiology of ACD follows an intricate design and results in the characteristic, delayed inflammatory response. Although the astute physician may correctly diagnose ACD from its initial, classic history and presentation, alternative diagnoses should be considered and excluded. Patch testing performed with a relevant panel of contact allergens is the ultimate confirmatory test of ACD. Correctly identifying the inciting allergen permits appropriate personal avoidance. Corticosteroids remain the principal treatment options.
Silicon image sensor (SIS) technology was recently introduced as an innovative tool (SkinChip, L'Oréal) providing sensitive imaging of the skin capacitance. This method can detect discrete focal variations in skin surface hydration, and thus early discrete manifestations of skin irritation induced by surfactants. In the present in vivo study, 2 neat and diluted shampoos, and 5% and 10% sodium laurylsulfate solutions were tested on human skin. Each surfactant solution was gently rubbed on the skin using wet hair wicks mimicking the casual use of a shampoo on the scalp. Clinical and SIS evaluations were carried out. In addition, the same products were tested using the ex vivo corneosurfametry bioassay performed on human stratum corneum (SC) harvested by cyanoacrylate skin surface strippings. The colourimetric index of mildness (CIM) was measured on these samples. The product reactivity with the SC was recognized by darker skin capacitance images, and by both lowered SkinChip-generated values and lowered CIM values. The extent in changes varied according to the nature of the test products and their concentrations. The SkinChip image changes likely corresponded to the acute surfactant-induced water swelling of the corneocytes. Skin capacitance imaging and corneosurfametry allow to disclose discrete surfactant-induced alterations of corneocytes.
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