PubMed · 16021153
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Thomas G Cropley, Jeffrey D Bernhard. 2005. Another first.. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaad.2005.04.023
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The CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) Statement, including a checklist and a flow diagram, was developed to help authors improve their reporting of randomized controlled trials. Its primary focus was on individually randomized trials with 2 parallel groups that assess the possible superiority of one treatment compared with another but is now being extended to other trial designs. Noninferiority and equivalence trials have methodological features that differ from superiority trials and present particular difficulties in design, conduct, analysis, and interpretation. Although the rationale for such trials occurs frequently, those designed and described specifically as noninferiority or equivalence trials appear less commonly in the medical literature. The quality of reporting of those that are published is often inadequate. In this article, we present an adapted CONSORT checklist for reporting noninferiority and equivalence trials and provide illustrative examples and explanations for those items amended from the original CONSORT checklist. The intent is to improve reporting of noninferiority and equivalence trials, enabling readers to assess the validity of their results and conclusions.
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Scientific articles published in science journals are the main means of communicating scientific information today. A scientific article as a type of publication is characterized by a specific design and content. It is defined as a special type of publication intended to convey scientific information. There are different types of scientific articles: original scientific article, review article, systematic review and meta-analysis, case report, etc. Original scientific article and how to write it is the main topic of this article. It is considered a primary scientific publication that brings research results that have not been published before and contains enough data for other researchers to assess the presented evidence, repeat the study, and critically assess the conclusions. Original scientific article usually follows the IMRaD structure, i.e., it consists of four main sections as follows: introduction, methods, results, and discussion. Each section has a different purpose and brings different part of information on the study that was conducted. Furthermore, other elements of a scientific article are presented and explained, such as a title, abstract, key words, and reference format. Hopefully useful suggestions are offered about the use of scientific language and style.