PubMed · 15648217
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Renzo Alzetta. The nuclear shell model.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15648217/
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Active Denial Systems (ADS) is a millimetric wave radiation emitting technology now included in the non lethal weapon arsenal. Such devices emit electromagnetic, thus agitating water in the skin and causing feeling of heat enough that target individual retreats from the beam. They can be used at up to 1 km from the target. We have reviewed the literature on the interactions of millimetric waves (MMW) with biological systems. An opposition appears between the observations performed in the Former Soviet Union and Russia showing potential interaction sometimes deleterious while generally of good influence and used in therapy. By way of contrast, most of the other studies, performed in USA, address local acute effects, exclusively located on the skin and eyes of the target, and considered as completely reversible.
We aimed to investigate the efficacy of pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) in lateral epicondylitis comparing the modality with sham PEMF and local steroid injection. Sixty patients with lateral epicondylitis were randomly and equally distributed into three groups as follows: Group I received PEMF, Group II sham PEMF, and Group III a corticosteroid + anesthetic agent injection. Pain levels during rest, activity, nighttime, resisted wrist dorsiflexion, and forearm supination were investigated with visual analog scale (VAS). Pain threshold on elbow was determined with algometer. All patients were evaluated before treatment at the third week and the third month. VAS values during activity and pain levels during resisted wrist dorsiflexion were significantly lower in Group III than Group I at the third week. Group I patients had lower pain during rest, activity and nighttime than Group III at third month. PEMF seems to reduce lateral epicondylitis pain better than sham PEMF. Corticosteroid and anesthetic agent injections can be used in patients for rapid return to activities.
In this paper, we investigate the effects of a point mutation on the enzymatic activity of copper-zinc superoxide dismutase, which we recently studied in detail by means of a theoretical-computational procedure. Comparison of the reactivity of the initial catalytic steps in this mutant (G93A mutation far from the active site) with our previous data, reveals the beautiful mechanical-dynamical architecture of the enzyme, altered by such an apparently irrelevant mutation. Finally, our results suggest a possible atomic-molecular-based explanation for the mutant-pathology correlation, in line with the most recent experimental data.