PubMed · 14074972
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S S CHAO, N C HSI. 1962. [PROLONGED ACTION PREPARATIONS].. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/14074972/
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The application of conventional cationic liposomes/DNA complexes in gene transfer was hampered due to their large size, instability, and limited transfection site in vivo. In this report, we described a dialysis-based method and produced small, stable, and negatively charged DNA-containing liposomes composed of low content of cationic lipid and high content of fusogenic lipid. The liposomes were relatively spherical with a condensed core inside, and exhibited small size with narrow particle size distribution. The encapsulation efficiency of the liposomes was 42.53 +/- 2.29%. They were stable and showed enough protective ability to plasmid DNA from degradation after incubation with different amounts of DNase. Twenty-fold higher transfection efficiency for the liposomes was achieved when compared with that of naked plasmid DNA and no toxicities to hepatocellular carcinoma cells were observed. Our results indicate that the negatively charged DNA-containing liposomes can facilitate gene transfer in cultured cells, and may alleviate the drawbacks of the conventional cationic liposomes/DNA complexes for gene delivery in vivo.
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Three dimensional terahertz pulsed imaging (TPI) was evaluated as a novel tool for the nondestructive characterization of different solid oral dosage forms. The time-domain reflection signal of coherent pulsed light in the far infrared was used to investigate film-coated tablets, sugar-coated tablets, multilayered controlled release tablets, and soft gelatin capsules. It is possible to determine the spatial and statistical distribution of coating thickness in single and multiple coated products using 3D TPI. The measurements are nondestructive even for layers buried underneath other coating structures. The internal structure of coating materials can be analyzed. As the terahertz signal penetrates up to 3 mm into the dosage form interfaces between layers in multilayered tablets can be investigated. In soft gelatin capsules it is possible to measure the thickness of the gelatin layer and to characterize the seal between the gelatin layers for quality control. TPI is a unique approach for the nondestructive characterization and quality control of solid dosage forms. The measurements are fast and fully automated with the potential for much wider application of the technique in the process analytical technology scheme.