PubMed · 11402270
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A G Farman, T T Farman. 2001. Image resolution.. https://doi.org/10.1067/moe.2001.115579
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The optics of head-mounted displays (HMDs) is designed from the pupil of the eye to the miniature display, and the optics is thus commonly solely assessed in the plane of the miniature display. Such assessment does not provide information that usefully interfaces with task-based performance metrics. We present a comprehensive framework for the assessment of the optics of HMDs in visual space, which applies to nonrotationally symmetric systems as well. Four key measures of visual performance are presented, and macro files were implemented to validate the framework. We illustrate the methods using an Erfle eyepiece.
The reflection properties of a display device influence the available contrast and affect the perception of subtle detail. The display reflection characteristics of flat-panel displays (FPDs) are appropriately described by a six-dimensional bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF). I describe a Monte Carlo method for modeling the bidirectional reflectance of multilayer emissive structures used in electronic display devices. I estimate the complete BRDF using a one-dimensional angular distribution function of the luminance. I apply the method to model typical high-performance cathode-ray tube and FPD structures. I find that, for the BRDF signatures of cathode-ray tubes characterized by a specular and a quasi-Lambertian components, the estimated values for the specular and diffuse reflection coefficients agree well with low-resolution experimental measurements conducted with a rotation arm and a collimated probe. I show that emissive FPDs with thin-film organic layers on reflective substrates can exhibit a predominant specular peak broadened by short-range light scattering.
Softcopy image viewing using web-based technologies has been deployed to 3 specialty outpatient practices - Lung Center, Neurosurgery, Orthopedic Surgery - where films remain available. Physicians and staff use Philips Easyweb (a web-based image browser) and BJC HealthCare ClinDesk (a Java-based electronic patient record) clients in patient examination rooms and physician workrooms to retrieve images from a Mitra image server. Practice-specific planning and training preceded deployment; on-site training and support came with deployment; on-site and telephone support are available as needed. Softcopy viewing generally is accepted although a few physicians continue to use films. The unavailability of studies performed before the introduction of the image server remains an issue until the server builds a suitable archive. Softcopy-based clinical-image viewing can be supported with web-based technologies, but effective practice-specific planning, training, and technical support are crucial to successful deployment to those accepting softcopy image viewing.