Chewing and occlusal function.

J M Broadbent

PubMed · 11307270

Chewing and occlusal function.

Abstract

Full diagnostic records are a medical-legal necessity to diagnose, treatment plan, monitor clinical progress, and evaluate outcome. "We (orthodontists) have been concerned with the anatomical relations of the teeth, the relation of the mandible to the maxilla, the relation of the teeth in the entire facial component, but this is not enough. We must enlarge our scope of knowledge and responsibilities to be equally concerned and competent as physiological orthodontists." (Thompson) Treatment outcome distinction is made between static evaluation of records and "plaster models on the table", and functional evaluation of the finished case. Most occlusal "chewing" function occurs with the first molar and premolar teeth. It is reported that 90% of chewing function is first molar and bicuspid region. Physiologically oriented orthodontists must consider: soft tissue profile and facial esthetics, incisal misguidance (interference), narrow or constricted maxilla, underdeveloped or retruded maxilla, overdeveloped or prognathic mandible (Class III actual of effective condition relative to maxilla), crowding or displacement of teeth, and (TMJ) temporomandibular joints must be considered. Second molars are the common cause of working balancing, and protrusive occlusal disturbances. The mesial distal width of second molar teeth and premolar teeth is not significantly different. Second molar replacement is a viable option for many patients (not all) undergoing orthopedic and orthodontic treatment who require removal of teeth for treatment purposes. The most important teeth for chewing are first molar to first molar teeth.

Explore related subjects

Dental Enamel Dental Occlusion Dentition, Permanent Humans Malocclusion Mastication Molar Odontometry Orthodontics, Corrective Temporomandibular Joint Disorders Tooth Extraction Journal Article

Keep this discovery

Explore connections, maps & timelines

BibTeX RIS

J M Broadbent. Chewing and occlusal function.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11307270/

Cite the original work for its findings. Save a collection to share your selection of sources.

KEEP EXPLORING

Related citations

PubMed2001

A laser-abrasive method for the cutting of enamel and dentin.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This paper introduced a new method for the removal of hard dental tissue based upon the use of particles accelerated by laser irradiation, which the authors have called the laser-abrasive method. STUDY DESIGN/MATERIALS AND METHODS: The particles used were sapphire as powder or an aqueous suspension. The effect of the products of enamel ablation was also investigated. The particles were accelerated using submillisecond pulses of Er:YAG and Nd:YAG lasers. A strobing CCD camera was used to measure the speed of the ejected particles. The additional contribution of these particles to the efficiency of laser ablation of enamel and dentin was also investigated. RESULTS: The results showed that the enamel particles produced by the beam-tissue interaction were also accelerated by this process of ablation and were effective in the removal of enamel and dentin. The use of an aqueous suspension of sapphire particles increased the efficiency of enamel removal threefold when compared with the use of an Er:YAG laser with water spray. CONCLUSIONS: The laser-abrasive method allowed for the removal of enamel and dentin at speeds approaching those of the high-speed turbine.

Dental Enamel↗

PubMed2001

Outline and arrangement of enamel rods in human deciduous and permanent enamel. 3D-reconstructions obtained from CLSM and SEM images based on serial ground sections.

Human enamel rods were made visible continuously from the dentino-enamel junction (DEJ) up to the enamel surface. From 12 teeth (1st and 2nd dentition) enamel blocks from the cervical third were prepared with perpendicular planes, embedded in resin, and ground down in steps of 15 microm parallel to the enamel surface. Enamel rods were made visible by acid etching (35% H3PO4, 45 s), sputtered and examined in the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Prior to this, the enamel blocks were viewed under the CLSM and optical sections at distances of 2 microm were obtained, starting in the same plane as the grinding surface. The outlines of the rods were digitized and reconstructed three dimensionally. For the first time, the path of single and grouped enamel rods on their way through the entire enamel layer was depicted. 3D images obtained from confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) data were similar to those gained from SEM images. Single rods did not maintain their same outline throughout their path; arcade outlines predominated close to the DEJ, while keyhole outlines prevailed at the enamel surface. Within a group of rods, neighborhood relations changed, and neighbor rods influenced their outlines mutually, including the variable extent of the tail. The interdependence between the plasticity of the rods and the ameloblasts' forms should be topics of further research.

Dental Enamel↗

PubMed2001

A study on acquired acid resistance of enamel and dentin irradiated by Er,Cr:YSGG laser.

OBJECTIVE: This investigation was performed to evaluate the acid resistance of lased enamel and dentin by Er,Cr:YSGG laser to artificial caries-like lesions by spectrophotometry, and the ultrastructure of lased areas was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) in vitro. BACKGROUND DATA: In recent years, many studies have been performed to evaluate the effects of Er,Cr:YSGG laser on dental hard tissues. However, there have been only a few studies to determine if this laser is suitable for caries preventive treatments. METHODS: An Er,Cr:YSGG laser was used to irradiate the enamel or dentin samples from 30 extracted human molars at 6 W (67.9 J/cm2) or 5 W (56.6 J/cm2) pulse energy, respectively, with or without water mist. Samples were subjected to 2 microl of 0.1 M lactic acid solution (pH 4.8) for 24 h at 36 degrees C. The parts per million (ppm) of calcium ion (Ca2+) dissolved in each solution was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometery, and the morphological changes were investigated by SEM. RESULTS: The lowest mean Ca2+ ppm was recorded in the lased samples. SEM observation showed that the lased areas were melted and seemed to be thermally degenerated. After acid demineralization, the thermally degenerated enamel or dentin surfaces were almost unchanged. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study suggested that Er,Cr:YSGG laser irradiation with and without water mist appears to be effective for increasing acid resistance.

Dental Enamel↗