PubMed · 11185357
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K Naughton. 2000-10-30. Safety first.. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11185357/
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PURPOSE: A finite element computer model of the human eye after trabeculectomy was used in an experiment of simulated airbag ocular injury. METHODS: A half-layer-incised scleral flap was created on the limbus and the strength of its adhesion to the outer sclera was set at 30%, 50% and 100%. The simulations were performed at a workstation using the finite element analysis program PAM CRASH (Nihon ESI, Tokyo, Japan), and the airbag was set to hit the surface of the post-trabeculectomy eye at various velocities in two directions, straight to the corneal center or straight to the scleral flap. RESULTS: In the case of airbag impact on the corneal center, the scleral flap was unlikely to rupture except when the airbag impact velocity was 40 m/sec. In the case of airbag impact on the scleral flap, at the lowest impact velocity of 20 m/sec, partial scleral flap rupture was likely to occur only at the lower adhesion strength, and scleral laceration extending to the posterior sclera was observed at impact velocities of over 30 m/sec. CONCLUSIONS: These simulation results suggest that current airbags may induce globe rupture in eyes after trabeculectomy treatment.
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PURPOSE: To determine the physical and mechanical conditions of an impacting air bag that would rupture an eye with a transsclerally fixated posterior chamber intraocular lens (IOL). SETTING: Numerical simulation study on a computer. METHODS: Simulations in a model human eye were performed with a computer using the finite element analysis program PAM-CRASH (Nihon ESI). The air bag was set to impact the surface of an eye with a transsclerally fixated posterior chamber IOL at various velocities. The tensile force limit of a 10-1 polypropylene suture was assumed to be 0.16 N, which is specified in the U.S. Pharmacopeia XXII. RESULTS: At the lowest velocity of 20.0 m/s, 10-0 polypropylene sutures were not likely to break. Sutures fixating the IOL might break and a corneoscleral incision was likely to open after 0.3 second at the medium impacting velocity (30 m/s). Suture rupture was very likely at the highest velocity (40 m/s) since the tensile force on the sutures continuously exceeded the breaking force after the impact. CONCLUSIONS: In an eye with a transsclerally fixated posterior chamber IOL, severe ocular trauma can be caused by an air bag at high velocity. Small individuals such as elderly women are at greater risk for air-bag ocular injury. Further research on modifying air-bag design and deployment is important to minimize the risk for ocular injury.