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Biomedical subjects

Z Wu

Publications and source records attributed to Z Wu.

At least 739 records · Page 41Linked to original sources
PubMed1992

Retinoma and phthisis bulbi of retinoblastoma. 1. Clinical and genetic analysis.

Retinoma and phthisis bulbi of retinoblastoma are rare entities found in retinoblastoma patients and their relatives. Eleven cases of phthisis bulbi of retinoblastoma and 9 cases of retinoma were identified from 1966 to 1991 in our center. The clinic data show that retinoma and phthisis bulbi are closely related to the retinoblastoma gene. Enucleation should be carried out as soon as possible without hesitation for the phthisis of eyes with retinoblastoma. Genetic counseling and frequent observation should be paid attention to retinoma patients and their offspring. The mechanism of retinoma developed is discussed. We propose that the diversity of second mutation might be the cause of retinoma.

Adult↗
PubMed1992

[Physiological changes in middle-aged persons and old people before and after tennis competition].

An examination of medical and physiological changes before and after tennis competition was performed on 71 middle-aged persons and old people in order to know whether they were adapted to this intense match or not. The result was that in the male group 1 (50-59 yrs), the heart rate, respiration rate and blood pressure before and after the tennis game had no significant differences (P > 0.05), indicating that this group was fit for the tennis competition, in the male group 2 (60-69 yrs) and male group 3 (70-79 yrs), as age advances, the number of unfitness to this game was increased gradually; in the female group (50-59 yrs), 28.5% of them showed a marked increase in the heart rate after the competition. We think that when persons have an electrocardiogram showing a significant undue changes of the ST segment and T wave after the contest, they are not suitable to this violent competition. So the medical surveillance is very important for the old people to play violent games such as tennis. The periodical health examination should be done before any exercise event with emphasis on the cardiovascular system so that the old sportsman can choose the proper exercise item and take self-control during the exercise.

Age Factors↗
PubMed1992

[Survey and treatment of the blind in Xinhui, Guangdong, China].

Co-operating with Helen Keller International (HKI) in 1987 and 1988, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center made a large scale prevalent survey of the blind in Xinhui, Guangdong, China. Three screening methods were used in the project. The first was a house-to-house visit by ophthalmologists. The second was performed initially by trained country health workers and then checked by ophthalmologists. In the third one, the blind people were asked to come together to be examined by ophthalmologists. The second method was found to be the most effective. The survey revealed that the prevalent rate of blindness was 0.24% in the county. Of all the blind, 89% were over 50 years old, 73% were females. Cataract accounted for 47% of the blindness. Thirty percent of the blind from cataract received surgical treatment. The postoperative re-examination half a year later showed that the corrected visual acuity in 86% of the patients was more than 0.05.

Aged↗
PubMed1992

[The mechanism of inhibition of calmodulin-dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase by dihydropyridine calcium antagonists].

Kinetic studies of the monoclonal antibody-purified 60 kd calmodulin dependent cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase (PDE) from bovine brain indicate that the dihydropyridine calcium antagonists, nicardipine and felodipine are partially competitive inhibitors of the enzyme. This was supported by the facts that the inhibition approached a finite level as the concentrations of drug reached saturation and the inhibition showed non-linearity characteristics in the Dixon plot. Furthermore, at the constant concentration of felodipine which brings about close to maximal inhibition, increasing concentrations of nicardipine can alleviate enzyme inhibition to approach the level of maximal nicardipine inhibition, suggesting that the calmodulin-dependent PDE may contain specific dihydropyridine binding site distinct from the active site.

Binding, Competitive↗
PubMed1992

[Review of improving the technology of processing Chinese herbal medicines].

In this paper, the present situation of processing technology for Chinese herbal medicines is expounded in all aspects. Careful processing, overall developing and comprehensive utilization are put forward as improving ways, in the hope of providing a scientific basis for carrying forward the traditional processing techniques for Chinese herbal medicines in producing areas and putting the resources to full and rational use.

Drugs, Chinese Herbal↗
PubMed1992

[Types of flowering branch of Magnolia denudata Desr. under high yield conditions].

The types of flowering branch of Magnolia denudata under high yield conditions were investigated. The action of axillary flowering branches on yield increase and the cultural techniques of promoting axillary flowering branch formation were evaluated. Under the same culturing conditions M. denudata var. dilutipurpurascens has hardly any axillary flowering branches.

Medicine, Chinese Traditional↗
PubMed1992

[A comparative study of 6 kinds of nourishing glue].

The experimental results have shown that all six kinds of glue have a common protein zone, but only the pipefish glue has a band on the negative electrode side. They are all rich in amino acids. Oxhide glue has the highest content of amino acids, total Ajiao has the highest content of essential amino acids, but Ajiao and pipefish glues do not have cystine. Pharmacological study has shown that deerhorn glue, turtle shell glue and oxhide glue can enrich blood; the number of white blood cells can be elevated by tortoise plastron glue and pipefish glue; deerhorn glue possesses an anti-fatigue effect; deerhorn glue and pipefish glue help to increase the weight of thymus in mice when the solution of glue (10%) is administered into the stomach at a dose of 0.5/mouse per day for 11 days.

Amino Acids↗
PubMed1991

The aging hypertensive kidney: pathophysiology and therapeutic options.

The aging kidney undergoes hemodynamic changes characterized by reductions in glomerular filtration rate and effective renal plasma flow. These functional changes are associated with loss of renal mass related to changes in the intrarenal vasculature. The reduced glomerular filtration surface area and subsequent microcirculatory adaptations enhance the risk for development of renal diseases associated with systemic diseases. Hypertensive nephrosclerosis accounts for 26% of all end-stage renal disease in the United States; the median age of those affected is 67 years. Hemodynamic and structural changes observed in the essential hypertensive kidney suggest an accentuation of the physiologic aging process. Initially observed hemodynamic changes, which may be reversible with specific drug therapy, suggest that excessive production of angiotensin II plays a role. Progressive renal impairment may occur despite control of systemic hypertension. Renal protection appears to require therapeutic normalization of both systemic and glomerular capillary pressures. The latter may depend on a drug's ability to attenuate the intrarenal effects of angiotensin II on the renal microcirculation. Drug classes with renal protective potential include angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and calcium antagonists. However, long-term clinical trials are required to assess the potential advantages of specific drug therapies in preventing the development and/or progression of hypertensive arteriolar nephrosclerosis.

Aging↗
PubMed1991

Expression of human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase in Chinese hamster ovary cells and restoration of cellular resistance to certain N-nitroso compounds.

We have constructed a plasmid in which the expression of human O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) cDNA is driven by the Rous sarcoma virus promoter sequence. Transfection of this plasmid into Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells results in expression of MGMT and in cellular resistance to N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) and 1-(2-chloroethyl)-1-nitrosourea (CNU), but not to N-nitroso-N-ethylurea. The specific activity of MGMT in transfected CHO cells correlated well with their resistance to MNNG and CNU. Southern analysis showed that the plasmid had been integrated into the CHO cell genome. Western analysis of extracts from transfected CHO cells using an antibody against a peptide corresponding to the carboxyl-terminal end of the human MGMT protein demonstrated a single band with a molecular size of 24-25 kDa; no such band was observed in extracts from wild-type CHO cells. These transfected cells may therefore be used to study the role of MGMT in the repair of alkylating DNA lesions and to determine its importance in carcinogenesis as well as in chemotherapy.

Alkylating Agents↗
PubMed1991

Ruminal synthesis, biohydrogenation, and digestibility of fatty acids by dairy cows.

Ruminal synthesis and biohydrogenation of fatty acids in dairy cows were determined by sampling duodenal digesta through T-cannulas. Fatty acid digestibility in the total tract also was measured. Five diets (concentrate:alfalfa hay:alfalfa haylage:corn silage, 2:1:1:1, DM) in a 5 x 5 Latin square contained either no added fat; 3 or 6% added calcium soap; or 3 or 6% animal-vegetable blend fat. Seventy percent of dietary fatty acids were recovered at the duodenum, and 106 g/d were synthesized in the rumen regardless of diets. Fatty acids synthesized in greatest amounts were odd or branched chains, whereas more than 90% of the fatty acids shorter than 14 carbons disappeared. Fatty acids in calcium soap were biohydrogenated 57% and in animal-vegetable blend 87%. Fatty acids in calcium soap were more digestible (80.0 vs. 75.7%) than those in the blended fat due to greater unsaturation in the small intestine. Ruminal microorganisms selectively synthesized fatty acids.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1991

Synthesis and biohydrogenation of fatty acids by ruminal microorganisms in vitro.

Ruminal degradation, synthesis, and biohydrogenation of fatty acids were examined in vitro. Diets were incubated with ruminal contents, and changes of fatty acids were measured. Two fat supplements, a calcium soap and an animal-vegetable blend, were included in diets at various levels. Addition to diets of acetate and isoacids (collective term for certain short-chain acids) also were tested for effects on fatty acid synthesis. Overall, 6.6 mg of fatty acids/g of fat-free diet were synthesized during 24-h incubation regardless of supplementations. Fatty acids synthesized in greatest amounts were odd-numbered or branched chains, whereas chains of 16 and 18 carbons changed little, and chains shorter than 14 carbons decreased. Degradation of [1-14C]palmitic acid was negligible, as determined by recovery of the label in CO2 (.03%) and acetate (1.09%) after 4-h incubation with rumen contents. Biohydrogenation of fatty acids averaged 47% in diets containing calcium soap and 71% with animal-vegetable blend. Synthesis and biohydrogenation were similar to those measured previously in vivo, showing that in vitro measurements reliably predicted metabolism of fatty acids in vivo.

Animal Feed↗
PubMed1991

[Differentiation of Magnolia denudata Desr. flower buds].

The article gives the results of an observation on the differentiation of Magnolia denudata buds. In Huaining County, Anhui Province, differentiation of the buds starts at the beginning of May. By the end of June the differentiation of various parts of the flower is completed. The process takes about 50 days. The differentiation of buds goes on at a fairly fast speed and in a fairly uniform way. Based on the results of the observation, the authors advise that application of fertilizer, especially the top application should not be late. The beginning of March is a very important time for the development of buds in length and size, and for the final harvest as well. The proper time to pick the flower buds comes when they are fully developed before the perianth appears.

Fertilizers↗
PubMed1991

[Malignant tumors of the lacrimal gland--a report of 27 cases].

We report 27 cases of primary malignant tumors arising from lacrimal gland, including 12 cases with adenoid cystic carcinoma, 9 cases with malignant mixed tumor and 6 cases with other lacrimal gland carcinoma seen in Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center from 1981 to Nov. 1989. These patients with malignant neoplasms accounted for 65.85% of all patients with primary epithelial tumor of lacrimal gland. The clinical presentation, imaging features in X-ray, ultrasonic and CT scan, the diagnosis, differential diagnosis, treatment and prognosis are discussed and analysed.

Adult↗
PubMed1991

[Pathological observation of experimental asbestosis treated by hydroxy piperquin phosphate in dogs].

The paper presents experimental asbestosis treated with hydroxy piperquin phosphate (HPQP) in dogs. Results showed that the total cell number of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, the viability of alveolar macrophages and the enzyme activities of lactate dehydrogenase, acid phosphatase and beta-glucuronidase of alveolar macrophages in treated dogs were higher than those in exposed dogs, asbestos fibers contents in the lungs and the mean scores of lung lesions in the treated dogs were markedly less than those in the exposed dogs. These findings support that HPQP may play a role in protecting alveolar macrophages from damage and inhibiting the progression of lung fibrosis, and that the clinical application of HPQP is somehow evidenced by this study.

Animals↗
PubMed1991

[Role of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase in developing laryngeal cancer among smokers].

The inducibility of aryl hydrocarbon hydroxylase (AHH) in lymphocytes had been evaluated in 31 patients with laryngeal cancer, 30 patients with cancer at other sites (excluding lung cancer), and 46 healthy individuals with no history of neoplastic disease. The results were as follows: 1. A highly significant overrepresentation of patients with laryngeal cancer with a high AHH inducibility (P less than 0.01) as well as a highly significant under-representation AHH inducibility (P less than 0.01) the healthy controls and patients with cancer at other sites were found. 2. There was a relationship between AHH inducibility and the risk for a smoker to develop laryngeal cancer, i.e., the higher the AHH inducibility in his cells, the higher is the risk to develop this disease. Smokers with a high AHH inducibility had more than nineteen-fold risk to develop laryngeal cancer as compared with non-smokers with low AHH inducibility. 3. The patients with cancer at other sites (excluding lung cancer) showed no significant difference in this respect as compared with healthy controls.

Adult↗