[Induced sputum to assess airway inflammation].
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Apoptosis↗
Biomedical subjects
Z Wang
Publications and source records attributed to Z Wang.
[The role of platelet activation in the pathogenesis of asthma].
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether platelets are activated during an asthmatic attack and to detect the correlation between platelet activation and severity of bronchial asthma. METHODS: Plasma concentration of thromboxane B2(TXB2) and 11-dehydro-TXB2(11-DH-TXB2) and P-selectin (CD 62P) on platelet surface were measured in 44 patients with asthma and in 18 normal individuals using ELISA and FCP. The serum ECP level and pulmonary function were also analysed. RESULTS: The plasma level of 11-DH-TXB2 and TXB2 and the positive percentage of CD 62P on platelets were significantly increased in patients with acute asthma (n = 28) as compared with the control (n = 18, P < 0.01). The plasma concentration of 11-DH-TXB2 and TXB2 were decreased significanty after the control of asthma. The level of platelet activation was correlated with ECP (r = 0.785, P < 0.05), FEV1% (r = -0.867, P < 0.01) and PEF(r = -0.745, P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest that there is an abnormal platelet activation in asthmatics, which can reflect the severity of bronchial asthma to a certain extent, although its exact, mechanism is unknown. The platelets secret a wide range of biologically active substances capable of inducing or augmenting the airway inflammatory responses in asthma.
Adolescent↗
[Detecting the level of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans leukotoxin].
OBJECTIVE: To detect the level of Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans (Aa) leukotoxin and distinguish the highly and the minimally toxic strains. METHODS: The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay was used to detect the difference of the nucleotide sequence of Aa leukotoxic promoter. 68 Aa isolates were examined, including 17 serotype b, 42 serotype c and 9 serotype a strains. The positive control strains were the highly toxic strain JP2 and 7 minimally toxic strains such as ATCC43717; the negative control strains were 12 other species of reference strains. RESULTS: The PCR fragments of JP2 was about 492 bp and that of the other Aa reference strains and 68 clinical isolates were 1,022 bp. PCR products not found in 12 other species. CONCLUSION: All of the 68 clinical isolates were minimally toxic strains.
Adolescent↗
[An analysis on need and demand for dental service in urban residents of Beijing].
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the needs and demands for dental services in urban residents of Beijing, and to forecast developmental trends of dental demand in the future. METHODS: There were 1,517 subjects examined by a stratified, clustering, random sampling, and a questionnaire survey were completed. RESULTS: The prevalence of oral diseases was 97.6%, but only 31.5% of subjects visited the dentist in a year, the total number of residents who had need of dental care were 4,412,010 more than that of demand level. Potential demand was mainly due to the negative awareness of people and problem from service provider. It was predicted that, if the potential demand caused by awareness and service provider were satisfied, the demand for dental care would increase by 69.4% and 13.2%, respectively. By the year of 2005, the demand will increase by 1.14%, and the value will be 3.76% in 2010. CONCLUSIONS: A substantial discrepancy is found between oral disease presence and demand for dental service. The levels of demand are also irrational. The large potential demand is caused by both receiver and provider's factors. At last, the future demand for dental care is forecasted under three hypothesis.
China↗
[Investigation of urinary interleukin-6 level in chronic renal failure patients and the influence of Rheum palmatum in treating it].
OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical significance of urinary interleukin-6 (IL-6) level in chronic renal failure (CRF) patients and the effect of Rheum palmatum (RP) in treating it. METHODS: RP and captopril were given to the study group, while captopril was given to the control group alone, and level of urinary IL-6 was determined by sandwich-ELISA. RESULTS: Urinary IL-6 level in CRF patients was obviously higher, than that in healthy control (P < 0.01). After treatment, the urinary IL-6 and serum creatinine reduced significantly in the study group (P < 0.05), and there was significant difference compared with that in the control group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSIONS: Determination of urinary IL-6 level is useful in studying the severity of immune inflammation of CRF. RP improves renal function by inhibiting the production of IL-6 and lowering immune inflammation.
Adolescent↗
[Clinical and experimental study on Shuanghua aerosol in treating infantile upper respiratory tract infection].
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect and mechanism of Shuanghua aerosol (SHA) in treating infantile upper respiratory tract infection (IURTI). METHODS: In the clinical study, 276 cases of IURTI were randomly divided into two groups. The treated group was treated with SHA and the control group was treated with Shuanghuanglian aerosol (SHLA). In the experimental study, the effect of SHA on anti-inflammatory and anti-viral were observed. RESULTS: The clinical total effective rate of SHA was 99.03% and its cure rate 65.38%, while those of the SHLA was 94.11% and 44.12% respectively, significant difference was shown between the two groups (P < 0.01). Experimental study showed that SHA could inhibit the xylol induced ear swelling and the egg white induced paw swelling in mice obviously, suppress the proliferation of influenza virus in rat's lung. CONCLUSION: SHA has obvious anti-inflammatory and anti-viral effect, and has good curative effect in treating IURTI.
Administration, Inhalation↗
[Observation on dynamic changes of serum procollagen III, hyaluronic acid and laminin in rats with hepatic fibrosis treated with Hujin pill].
OBJECTIVE: To study the dynamic changes of serum procollagen III (PCIII), hyaluronic acid (HA) and laminin (LN) in rats with hepatic fibrosis treated with Hujin pill (HJP). METHODS: The classic model of hepatic fibrosis induced by CCl4 were used in the observation. The serum PCIII, HA and LN were determined by radioimmunoassay (RIA). RESULTS: HJP could reduce the serum HA, LN content significantly, as compared with the control group, the difference was significant (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). Its long-term therapeutic effect was better than that of colchicine. It could maintain the serum PCIII stable in hepato-fibrotic stage (9-12 weeks), as compared with the normal control group, the difference was insignificant (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: HJP could retard the liver fibrosis, and has good preventive and therapeutic effect on liver fibrosis in rats.
Animals↗
[Pathological changes and protection of hypothalamus in pediatric craniopharyngioma].
OBJECTIVE: To understand the pathological changes of pediatric craniopharyngiomas so as to analyze its diagnosis, operative strategy and to prevent the damage of hypothalamus. METHODS: 189 cases of pediatric craniopharyngiomas treated from 1990 to 1998 were reviewed and analyzed via their CT, MRI, and surgery. RESULTS: 187 cases (98.9%) were cystic tumors, including 176 with calcification (93.1%); two cases were solid tumors (1.1%), and calcification occurred in only one. A gliosis layer between the wall of tumor and the hypothalamus was seen. CONCLUSION: Cystic change and calcification are the pathological features of pediatric craniopharyngiomas. There are some special relations between the tumors and stalk. These are the bases for total removal of pediatric craniopharyngiomas.
Adolescent↗
[B domain mutations in the polymerase gene of hepatitis B virus during combination therapy with thymosin alpha1 and famciclovir in Chinese asymptomatic HBV carriers].
OBJECTIVE: To identify 'B domain' mutations of polymerase gene and its relationship with drug resistance during treatment with famciclovir in Chinese chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers. METHODS: Sequential sera from 29 Chinese chronic HBeAg positive HBV carriers treated with combination therapy with thymosin alpha1 (Talpha1) plus famciclovir and also from 15 cases treated with Talpha1 alone, were studied. Nucleotide sequences encoding 'B' and 'C domain' of the HBV polymerase gene were determined by direct or cloning sequencing methods. RESULTS: Nine Talpha1 plus FCV-treated and none of the Talpha1 treated patients developed mutations in the 'B domain' of polymerase gene which could result in amino acid changes. The development of 'B domain' mutations, during treatment, was significantly associated with HBV DNA rebound in those who received Talpha1 plus FCV. CONCLUSIONS: Mutations in FCV-treated patients resulting in amino acid changes mainly cluster in the 'B domain' of polymerase gene rather than in YMDD motif. The presence of mutations is significantly associated with HBV DNA rebound during treatment.
2-Aminopurine↗
[Clinical value of fetal monitoring in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy].
OBJECTIVE: To study the clinical value of fetal monitoring in intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP). METHODS: Two hundred and six cases of ICP, delivering in our hospital from Dec. 1993 to Sept. 1998 were investigated. In these cases, 206 cases were examined by the fetal monitoring and vibratory acoustic stimulation test (VAS-T), 157 cases by ultrasonic umbilical artery flow analysis, and 127 cases by fetal electrocardiograph (FECG). RESULTS: There is a significant difference between normal and abnormal groups of the poor perinatal prognosis in contraction stress test (CST) and oxytocin challenge test (OCT) and ultrasonic umbilical artery flow analysis (P < 0.005, P < 0.05). There is no difference between normal and abnormal groups of the poor perinatal prognosis in NST, VAS-T and FECG. CONCLUSION: CST, OCT and ultrasonic umbilical artery flow analysis have the higher clinical value to detect the poor placental function and to foretell the perinatal prognosis in ICP.
Adult↗
[The effect of protein kinase C on the invasive behavior of human salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma in vitro].
OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship between protein kinase C (PKC) and invasion/metastasis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma and to explore the possibility of treatment against invasion/metastasis of the tumor cell by PKC inhibitor. METHODS: SACC-83 cell line cells were treated by endogenous PKC inhibitor BS-PKCI extracted from bovine spermatozoa and exogenous PKC inhibitor H(7), while the adhesion to basement membrane, movement (expressed by the cell numbers moving out from agarose drop and the furthest distance) and invasive capacity in vitro were observed. RESULTS: (1) The two inhibitors suppressed significantly adhesion of the tumor cell to basement membrane (P < 0.05). (2) The two inhibitors suppressed significantly movement of the tumor cells (P < 0.05). (3) The two inhibitors suppressed significantly invasive capacity of the tumor cells in vitro (P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: There was a close relationship between PKC and invasion/metastasis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma; the two PKC inhibitor suppressed significantly adhesion, movement and invasive capacity of SACC - 83 cell line cells in vitro.
Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic↗
[Modified total cavopulmonary connection for treating patients with functional single ventricle].
OBJECTIVE: To modify the classic procedure for better surgical results of total cavopulmonary connection (TCPC). METHODS: Modified TCPC was performed in 13 patients with functional single ventricle. In the modified TCPC procedure, the distal end of the superior vena cava (SVC) was connected with the upper edge of the right pulmonary artery (RPA) with the anastomosis orifice near the left side, and the proximal end with the lower edge of RPA with the anastomosis orifice near the right side. Among them, intra-atrial tunnel was established with a partial tube of PTFE using the lateral tunnel technique in 8 patients, and the distal end of the inferior vena cava (IVC) was directly connected with the lower edge of RPA using extracardiac conduit in the beating heart in 5. RESULTS: One patient (7.7%) died early. Twelve patients survived and had the SatO(2) (94.6 +/- 1.2)% postoperatively while inspiring air. Angiography showed that most blood from IVC enters the right lung and most blood from SVC the left lung. No late mortality was seen during the follow up for 6 months to 2 years and 2 months. NYHA class I was noted in 10 patients and class II in 2. Echocardiography showed that left ventricular volume reduced significantly and ventricular function was normal. CONCLUSIONS: Modified TCPC produces optimal blood flow between the two lungs, elevates postoperative Sat O(2) effectively, decreases ventricular volume load and improves ventricular functions.
Adolescent↗
[Germline LKB1 gene mutation screening in 4 Chinese Peutz-Jeghers syndrome pedigrees].
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency and nature of LKB1 gene germline mutations in 4 large Chinese Peutz-Jeghers syndrome pedigrees. METHODS: Four Chinese Peutz-Jeghers syndrome pedigrees were investigated. Two patients and 1 normal adult from each pedigree were selected, and genomic DNA from peripheral blood was extracted. The 9 exons of LKB1 gene were amplified by PCR. The products were tested by SSCP and abnormally shifted bands were sequenced. If there was no positive finding in any pedigree, the entire exons were sequenced. RESULTS: The same 842 C deletion of LKB1 gene frame-shift mutations was found in 2 pedigrees, which resulted in truncated protein. No exon variant was found in the left 2 pedigrees. CONCLUSIONS: LKB1 gene germline mutation is an important molecular pathogen of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. 842 C deletion is a possible mutation hotspot and might be a common-ancestor mutation characteristic of Chinese.
AMP-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases↗
[Surgical correction of complete atrioventricular septal defect with tetralogy of Fallot].
OBJECTIVE: To report the surgical correction of complete atrioventricular septal defect with tetralogy of Fallot (AVSD-TOF). METHODS: Six consecutive patients aged 3 - 9 years underwent correction of complete AVSD-TOF. The two-patch technique for atrioventricular septal defect was used. The ventricular septal defect was closed through a right ventriculotomy and right atriotomy in each case. The commissure between the superior and inferior bridging leaflets of the left portion of the common atrioventricular valve was closed in each patient. RVOT obstruction was relieved by a transannular autologous pericardium with monocuspid valve. RESULTS: Postoperative complications included respiratory failure in 1 patient, low cardiac output syndrome in 1, and MOF in 1. There was one mortality because of MOF in the early postoperative period. Five survivors were followed up from 6 months to 5.5 years (mean 2.3 years). There was no late mortality and only one patient had mild left atrioventricular valve regurgitation. NYHA cardiac function was class I in 4 patients and class II in 1. CONCLUSIONS: AVSD-TOF can be corrected using the two-patch technique and closure of the ventricular septal defect through a combined approach using a right ventriculotomy and right atriotomy. Routine closure of the commissure of the left portion of the atrioventricular valve results in a low incidence of regurgitation. Good functional result can be achieved in most patients postoperatively.
Cardiac Surgical Procedures↗
[Complications of massive allografts after segmental resection of malignant bone tumors].
OBJECTIVE: To analyze the postoperative complications of bone and joint allografting for the reconstruction of massive bone defect after the resection of malignant bone tumors and its management. METHODS: Bone-joint allografting for the reconstruction of massive bone defect after the resection of malignant bone tumors with different internal fixations was performed in 106 patients with complete follow-up data. Bone healing time, complication rate, and final results in different allografts were compared. Operation indications, complications and internal fixation were also analyzed. The final results were determined according to the Mankin's standard. RESULTS: Allografts Alcohol immersed were more susceptible to infection, non-union, etc. Allografts and combined prosthesis were superior to semi-articular transplantation. Complications included deep infection (10%), skin necrosis (12.2%), local recurrence (14.4%), and delayed union or non-union (15.6%). Dynamic interlocked intramedullary nailing was superior to conventional intramedullar nailing and compression plates. CONCLUSIONS: Allografting is acceptable for the reconstruction of massive bone defect after tumor resection. Its results are encouraging after proper management of complications caused by surgical technique, internal fixation and soft tissue repair.
Adolescent↗
[Transurethral electrovaporization-ablation of superficial bladder carcinoma].
OBJECTIVE: To observe short-term curative effect of transurethral electrovaporization-ablation of superficial bladder carcinoma. METHODS: 82 cases of superficial bladder carcinoma were treated using transurethral electrovaporization-ablation. RESULTS: The mean operative time was 36 min. One patient was complicated with extraperitoneal bladder perforation. No patients experienced TUR syndrome and severe hemorrhage. During the follow up for 2-18 months, 3 patients had recurrence respectively at 7, 8 and 10 months after the operation. CONCLUSIONS: Cut-electrode had vaporization and ablation with smooth surface of the wound and speed. The advantage includes safety, few complication, evident efficacy, and short hospitalization.
Adult↗
[Relationship between new TNM classification and the prognosis and biological behavior of gastric cancer].
OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical value of 1997 TNM classification of gastric cancer. METHODS: 334 cases of gastric cancer with regional lymph node metastasis were used to determine the relationship between new TNM classification and the prognosis and biological behavior compared with old classification (1987). RESULTS: The 5-year survival rates of the old pN(1), pN(2) were 49.6% and 33.5% respectively; those of the new pN(1), pN(2), pN(3) were 48.5%, 24.1% and 5.6% respectively. There was a highly significant difference in survival in different new pN groups (P < 0.01). The new pN classification was correlated with the depth of cancer invasion, as well as the macroscopic type, growth pattern and serosal type (P < 0.01). Multivariate COX model analysis showed that the new pN classification was the most significant independent prognostic factor. CONCLUSIONS: The new TNM classification is not only an objective, simple and reproducible system, but also a significant prognostic index for gastric cancer superior to the old classification.
Adult↗
Lymph node metastasis of T1, T2 squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of lung: characteristics and clinical significance.
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the frequency, distribution and features of lymph nodes metastasis in T(1)/T(2) squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of lung, and to provide evidence for extensive dissection of lymph nodes. METHODS: 254 patients with T(1)/T(2) squamous carcinoma and adenocarcinoma of lung underwent R2 surgery plus extensive dissection of hilar, interlobular and mediastinal lymph nodes according to the grouping system proposed by Naruke. RESULTS: A total of 1 685 groups of lymph nodes were dissected. The metastatic rates of N(1) and N(2) were 20.0% and 10.2%. The difference was very significant between T(1) and T(2) (P < 0.01). No, N(2) metastasis was found in T(1) squamous carcinoma. N(2) metastatic rates were 22.0% in squamous carcinoma and 40.9% in adenocarcinoma (P < 0.01). 64.3% of squamous carcinomas spread to only one group of N(2) nodes, and over 3 groups of lymph nodes were positive in 46.2% of adenocarcinomas. Saltatory metastasis accounted for 57.5% of N(2) metastasis. 13.6% of N(2)-positive tumors in the upper lobes metastasized to the lower mediastinum, whereas 51.6% of N(2)-positive tumors in the lower lobes spread to the upper mediastinum. CONCLUSIONS: The frequency of lymph node metastasis increases with the growth of tumors. Metastasis occurs more frequently in adenocarcinoma than in squamous carcinoma. Tumor at any site can metastasize to the distant mediastinum. Except for T(1) squamous carcinoma, radical surgery can be achieved only by extensive dissection of ipsilateral intrapulmonary and mediastinal lymph nodes.
Adenocarcinoma↗